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The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，"国家"代替"帝国"，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

"While we obviously won't bring heart attack rates to zero, these findings give us evidence that in the short to medium term, smoking bans will prevent a lot of heart attacks," said James Lightwood, a health economist at the University of California in San Francisco and co-author of one of the reviews, published in the US journal Circulation.

旧金山加利福尼亚大学的卫生经济学家和美国循环杂志公布一个评论的作者之一James Lightwood说："显然我们不能把心脏病发作率下降到零，这些发现带给我们的证据，短到中期之内，禁烟能防止许多心脏病发作"。

In the end, this paper reviews and summarizes the experiences derived from lignite boiler combustion retrofit, and offers some advice on due boiler engineering and operation.

论文的最后总结了褐煤锅炉燃烧改造的经验，并提出大型褐煤锅炉设计和运行的一些建议。

This essay reviews the historical evolution of tolerance,the features of the moden tolerance,the cost and limit of tolerance,the relation of to leranc and jurisprudence,then affords the experience and the base of thought for the jurisprudential course of to lerance.

本文考察宽容概念的历史演进、现代宽容的特点、宽容的成本和界限以及宽容与法理学的关系，为宽容问题的法理化提供经验和思想基础。

Also, in the past couple of months the Bush administration has made a big effort to educate Congress about the hitherto little-understood CFIUS reviews, so that politicians are now more comfortable with the

对于美国巨大的外部赤字，没有适当理由就去吓跑国外资金是不明智的。

Local is a great place to find local maps, business listings, restaurant reviews, events, and other local items of interest.

当地是一个伟大的地方，找到当地地图，让企业名单，餐厅评语，活动，和当地其他项目的利益。

Local is a great place to find local maps, businesslistings, restaurant reviews, events, and other local items of interest.

当地是一个伟大的地方，找到当地地图，让企业名单，餐厅评语，活动，和当地其他项目的利益。

By the help of material reference, comparison and logical analysis, this thesis does research on the progress of goal system of school physical education of our country since the establishment of P.R.C, and from the historical viewpoint, reviews and re-accesses the goal system of school physical education of our country.

本论文运用文献资料法、比较法、逻辑分析法等方法，对建国以来我国学校体育目标体系的发展过程进行了系统研究。

It publishes original research reports, reviews in the following areas: cell cycle regulation, cytokines, erythropoiesis, gene therapy, general hematopoiesis, granulopoiesis, hematological malignancies, immunobiology, immunotherapy, lymphopoiesis, megakaryocytopoiesis, microenvironment, monocyte development, molecular genetics, signal transduction, stem cell biology, and experimental as well as clinical stem cell transplantation.

该杂志刊载细胞周期调控、细胞因子、红细胞生成、基因疗法、全身血细胞生成、粒细胞生成、血液肿瘤、免疫生物、免疫疗法、淋巴细胞生成、巨核细胞生成、微环境、单细胞生成、分子遗传学、信号传导、干细胞生物学、实验与临床干细胞移植方面的原始论文及综述等。

This paper reviews the development of magnetic refrigerant material.

评介了磁致冷材料的发展现状。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！