查询词典 retrograde

Methods: The experiment was performed in 6 adult rabbits with the method of retrograde axonal transportation of horseradish peroxidase, by which HRP was smeared on the proximal cut end of the left ilioinguinal nerves.

成年家兔6只，采用HRP逆行追踪方法，在左侧髂腹股沟神经近侧断端涂抹HRP。

Methods: The experiment was performed in 6 adult rabbits with the method of retrograde axonal transportation of horse radish peroxidase, by which HRP was smeared on the proximal cut end of the left ilioinguinal nerves.

成年家兔6只，采用HRP逆行追踪方法，在左侧髂腹股沟神经近侧断端涂抹HRP。

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of retrograde intramedullary nail and plate in the treatment of femoral intercondylar fracture.

目的 ：评价逆行交锁髓内钉与钢板治疗股骨髁部骨折的疗效。

Objective: To summarize the clinical experience of retrograde intramedullary supracondylar nail in the treatment of type C femoral intercondylar fracture.

目的 ：对应用髁上逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨髁C型骨折的临床经验进行总结。

It was achieved by intradural microanastomosis of the L6 ventral root to S2 ventral root. After axonal regeneration, the "patellar ligament-spinal cord center-bladder" reflex pathway was reestablished. The function of the reflex arc was observed by nerve electrophysiological experiment, detrusor electromyography experiment, urodynamic testing and HRP retrograde tracing before and in 8 months after the spinal cord was destroyed horizontally between S1 and S4 level. There was one case of conical SCI patient who had L1 fracture and paraplegia was received intradural microanastomosis of the L6 ventral root to S2 ventral root after Li fracture and paraplegia.

将Beagle犬L6前根近端与S2前根远端在硬膜内显微吻合，经一段时间的轴突再生后，建立&膝腱－脊髓中枢－膀胱&人工反射弧，术后8个月，在破坏S1~S4脊髓节段前后分别进行神经电生理、膀胱肌电图及尿流动力学和辣根过氧化物酶逆行示踪等检查；对1例L1压缩性骨折伴截瘫患者行右侧T11与52前根经腓肠神经移植硬膜内吻合术。

We introduced improved primary mixed glial culture and different-attachment method to isolate and purify the OPCs, the cells were proliferated in serum-free medium, flow cytometry and immunohischemistry methods were employed to estimate the purity of cultured OPCs. Their abilities of differentiation and expression of trophic factors were identified by RT-PCR and immunostaining. Several methods including TUNEL and MTT were adopted to estimate the protective effects of conditioned culture medium from oligodendrocyte lineage cells on the primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Intravitreal transplant of OPCs, combined with retrograde fluorescent labeling the superior colliculus and intraorbital optic nerve transection, were used to investigate the protective effects of OPCs on the axotomized RGCs in vivo. Intravitreal transplantof OPCs or NSCs on the newborn rats, and retinal transplant of OPCs on the young rats were performed, to observe the myelin formation in the retina at different stages after cellular transplantation. Optic nerve transection was carried out on some rats with myelinated retinae, to study the influence of myelination on the injuried RGCs.

为此，本研究采用改良的胶质细胞混合培养与差速贴壁方法获得大鼠OPCs，使用无血清培养基进行扩增、培养，用免疫组织化学和流式细胞技术对培养细胞的纯度进行鉴定，对少突胶质系细胞表达部分营养因子的情况进行检测；采用TUNEL、MTT等方法对少突胶质系细胞条件培养基对原代培养小脑颗粒神经元的保护作用进行检测；将OPCs移植入成年SD大鼠玻璃体内，利用上丘逆行荧光标记技术，观察眼内移植的OPCs对眶内视神经切断时的视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用及其持续时间；将OPCs或NSCs移植入新生和幼年SD大鼠玻璃体或视网膜内，观察不同时期视网膜内髓鞘形成与分布特点，分析髓鞘的超微结构，并观察眼内髓鞘形成对损伤神经节细胞的保护作用。

Immunofluorescence histochemistry combined with retrograde tracing technique was employed to observe the effects of masseteric nerve transection on the expression of Trk ( tropomyosin-related kinase) receptor proteins, namely TrkA, TrkB and TrkC in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Me5) of the rat.

本研究应用免疫荧光结合逆行束路追踪技术观察了轴突切断对支配咬肌的三叉神经中脑核(Me5)神经元所含Trk受体蛋白，即TrkA、TrkB和TrkC表达的影响。

METHODS: The spiral modiolar artery in guinea pig cochlea was exposed by microsurgery, then the fluorogold or horseradish peroxidase was given around the SMA for retrograde tracing.

在正常豚鼠单侧耳蜗螺旋蜗轴动脉局部滴加逆行追踪剂辣根过氧化物酶或荧光金，观察双侧交感颈上神经节、星状神经节内HRP或FG逆标神经元的分布；采用逆标与免疫组化相结合的双重标记方法观察追踪阳性神经元是否表达酪氨酸羟化酶、神经肽Y、钙基因相关肽或P物质。

Methods: From February 2002 to June 2006, 27 patients with upper urinary obstruction due to retroperitoneal fibrosis post-treatment of tumor, under went procedures including retrograde ureteral catheterization, intraluminal ureterotomy and/or balloon dilation, and percutaneous nephrostomy. The efficacy and major complications were summarized.

收集本院2002年l月至2006年6月的27例恶性肿瘤经治疗后发现腹膜后纤维化导致上尿路梗阻的患者，分别接受了经尿道逆行输尿管插管、输尿管狭窄内切开和／或扩张及经皮肾造瘘治疗，总结其疗效和主要并发症。

The ureteroscopic holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy can he the first choice for the post-renal acute renal failure associated with upper urinary tract stones, due to its safety and efficiency. At the same time, retrograde intubation under cystoscope and percutaneous nephrostomy will be helpful.

上尿路梗阻是肾后性急性肾功能衰竭的主要原因，如能明确是结石引起的肾后性肾功能衰竭，应首选输尿管镜下钬激光碎石并置管引流；如不能明确，膀胱镜下逆行插管和经皮肾穿刺造瘘引流也是可行的急诊有效方法。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。