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The computation results agree with the experiment results very well. The muzzle flow field of an artillery with a muzzle brake is also simulated. The main characteristics and the mutual relations of shock waves in the muzzle flow field are obtained by the simulation. On the basis of the simulation results, the influences of the brake holes on the muzzle brake capabilities are analyzed.

对某口径火炮带有制退器的膛口流场进行了数值模拟，其结果反映了制退器内外流场的主要特征和冲击波波系之间的相互作用，在数值模拟的基础上分析了3排侧孔对制退器性能的影响。

Furthermore, as stresses in the stress field influence the value of seepage coefficient k, which will results in the change of seepage field in the end, while on the other hand, the seepage field also has an effect on the stress field because of seepage forces. Based on the coupling model of seepage field and stress field, a program by finite element method is developed in this paper. And the comparison of results of the program and criterion method with that of test shows that the test results are reasonable, which can be referred to analyze the causes of dangers, evaluate degree of safety of the body and foundation, and design and optimize the measures of seepage control.

此外，考虑到应力场中的应力会改变土体渗透系数进而影响渗流场、而渗流场也因其产生的渗透力会导致应力场发生变化，两者之间存在耦合作用，本文基于渗流场应力场耦合分析的数学模型编制了渗流计算有限元程序CCOSAS1.0，其计算结果和采用规范方法所获得的解答与实测值的对比分析表明，该规律合理且具有一定的代表性，可用以分析险情发生原因、评价堤身堤基安全状况及设计与优化渗流控制措施。

To evaluate the bioactivity of the glass-ceramics,the specimens were soaked in the simulated body fluid. The results indicate that fluorapatite shows needle-like microstructure, which is similar to that in human bone and teeth. The formation of needle-like fluorapatite is related to the heat treatment procedure, which results in needle-like fluorapatite crystals by accelerating one-dimension growth along the c-axis through the screw dislocation growth mechanism. The mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics are close to those of the human bone and teeth. The bioactivity test results show that apatite layer is precipitated on the materials surface after 3 d immersion in SBF, which indicates the glass-ceramics have a good bioactivity.

研究结果表明：氟磷灰石相呈针状，与人体骨和牙齿的磷灰石形貌相似，有利于提高材料的生物活性和生物相容性；氟磷灰石的形成是材料被迅速加热至高温进行热处理，使磷灰石以螺旋位错生长机制沿c轴晶化长大所致；经热处理获得的材料具有优良的力学性能，基本满足骨科和齿科用生物材料的性能要求；材料在体外模拟体液中浸泡3 d后，样品表面已有磷灰石层生成，表明该材料具有较高的生物活性。

The results indicate that the hexyl branches content has dramatically effects on the thermal properties and crystallization behavior. The shear effect on WAXD results is less than that on SAXS results which indicates that PEcO melt is relatively stable in a definite structure scale.

对剪切场下不同辛烯含量的PEcO的结晶研究发现：剪切对广角测试范围的结构影响较小，对小角测试范围的结构影响较大，说明乙烯-辛烯共聚物熔体在一定尺度范围的结构是比较稳定的。

The paper consists of four chapters:In chaper 1, we introduce the background and signficance, research and actuality on oscillation of functional partial differential equations; we present research subject in this paper;In chaper 2, we discuss oscillatory property of systems of parabolic differential equations with delays and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the oscillation of their solutions; we show the difference between oscillatory property of systems of parabolic differential equations with delays and that of systems of partial differential equtions without delays; we explain the main results with examples;In chapter 3, we discuss oscillatory property of systems of functional parabolic differential equations of neutral type; we obtain some sufficient conditions for the oscillation or full oscillation of their solutions under some conditions; we explain the main results with examples;In chapter 4, we discuss oscillatory property of systems of functional hyperbolic differential equations of neutral type; we obtain sufficient conditions for the oscillation or full oscillation of their solutions under some conditions; we explain the main results with examples.

全文共分四章：第一章简要介绍了泛函偏微分方程的振动的背景和意义、对其研究的简单历史和现状，给出了本文的主要研究对象；第二章讨论了一类时滞抛物方程组解的振动性质，获得了判断其所有解振动的一个易于验证的充要条件；指出了这类具有时滞偏差变元的抛物方程组解的振动性质和不具有时滞偏差变元的抛物方程组解的振动性质的差异；并举例对主要结果进行阐明；第三章讨论了一类中立型抛物方程组解的振动性质，获得了在给定的条件下其所有解振动或全振动的若干充分条件；并举例对主要结果进行阐明；第四章讨论了一类中立型双曲方程组解的振动性质，获得了在给定的条件下其所有解振动或全振动的若干充分条件；并举例对主要结果进行阐明。

Hereinafter referred to IBI ETL (Extraction, Transformation and Load) technologies intelligent reports in this system is based on the results of input from different perspectives for analysis, and then from Education Secretary to disciplines teachers can see through the foreground display of the entire school and the whole school district, and the examination results of the examination results information for multidimensional analysis of information.

基于Information Builders公司的ETL(撷取Extraction、转换Transformation与加载Load)技术的智能报表系统就是在此基础上对录入的成绩从不同的角度进行分析，然后从学科老师到教育局长都能通过前端展示看到整个学校乃至整个学区的考试成绩信息以及对考试成绩进行多维分析后的信息。

Achievements which are achieved by scientific research of predecessors are summarized. Some methods of how to generate self-similar process and a few means of estimating self-similar parameter are given. Self-similar traffics are generated by using of ON/OFF model with heavy-tailed distribution and results are given. The results of experiment accord with the theory. This identicalness indicates that the method of getting results by using of ON/OFF model is feasible.

本文总结了前人的研究成果，给出了几种常见产生自相似的方法和几种估计自相似参数的方法，并对ON/OFF模型叠加产生自相似业务进行了仿真实验，得到了实验结果，从实验结果可以看出，仿真结果和理论值比较接近，这说明利用ON/OFF模型叠加产生自相似业务是可行的。

The contents of inorganic arsenic in three kinds of algae are determined using this method. The result shows that algae have a low content of inorganic arsenic, complying with the results frequently reported in recent years, in which combination of some testing methods such as HPLC-ICP- MS and HPLC-HGAFS are used. Compared with these results, the results obtained from national standard methods are relatively high, due to the inapplicability of atomic fluorescence method.

并运用本法检测了海带、裙带菜、紫菜等三种海藻中的无机砷含量，发现海藻中的无机砷含量并不高，原国标方法检测的结果就相对较高，原因主要是原国标方法中的原子荧光法不适合于海藻类样品，检测结果与近来国内外报道较多的HPLC-ICP- MS、HPLC—HGAFS等联用技术检测海藻类物质中无机砷含量结果基本吻合，结果良好。

Combining the experimental results and theoretical analysis, the following work has been accomplished.(1) Reasons of the decrease of interelectrode capacitance and the increase of discharge gap caused by the powder suspended in dielectric fluid are explained. And the mechanism that surface quality of workpiece improved by powder-mixed EDM is analyzed from this viewpoint.(2) The variation regularity of the percentage of silicon on the machined surface of workpiece has been summarized according to the experiment results when silicon powder was added into the working fluid. The entropy is introduced to explain the reasons for this variation regularity by thermodynamics.(3) The dimensional accuracy is greatly influenced by the overcut resulting from discharge gap and electrode wear in practice application. Empirical formulas for the overcut in EDM and powder-mixed EDM are established based on the experimental results using the ternary linear regressive method in this paper.(4) The influence of main factors on the machined surface characteristics has been evaluated based on the orthogonal experimental design method.

通过一系列普通电火花加工与混粉电火花加工的对比实验，运用工艺实验和理论分析相结合的方法，重点做了以下工作：(1)探讨了粉末颗粒导致极间电容减小、放电间隙增大的原因，并从这个角度解释了混粉电火花加工可以改善工件表面质量的机理；(2)以混合硅粉的电火花加工为例，实验得出峰值电流和脉冲宽度对加工表面层成分中硅元素含量的影响规律，并引入熵的概念从热力学的角度对硅元素含量变化的原因寻找了理论依据；(3)在实际加工中，由于粉末的加入使放电间隙变大，这使得混粉电火花加工的尺寸精度难以控制，本文利用三元线性回归的方法，在实验数据的基础上，建立了两种电火花加工过切量的计算公式；(4)将正交试验法应用于混粉电火花加工实验研究，并通过对实验指标极差的直观分析，得出各电参数对加工指标影响的敏感程度。

The study results indicate that the simulation results in Zhangjiashan and the area between Xianyang and Lintong are more reasonable. Layered Continuous Muskingum method is used to rout the flood in mainstream, and the runoff process at Huaxian station is composed of the results of Muskingum and the runoff simulated in interzone.

在渭河下游流域移用秦渡镇控制流域的模型参数来模拟区间的洪水过程；干流洪水演算采用马斯京根分层连续演算法，最后将区间模拟的径流过程和干流径流过程相叠加形成华县站的流量过程。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷