查询词典 restrain by law

The present corporation law is unclear or lack of rules to deal with it. This article discusses and suggests systems protecting the right of minority shareholders on the dasis of reference of foreign corporation. Law theory and practice in order to solve the problem arisen in corporation law enaction nowadays. 1.fiduciary duties of controlling ...

我国《公司法》对此或语焉不详或付之阙如，本文参考各国公司法的理论和实践，结合我国《公司法》实施中暴露的问题，讨论并建议我国《公司法》亟宜设立保护中小股东权益的制度，如控股股东的诚信义务；表决权回避制度；反对股东的股份收买请求权制度；股东派生诉讼。

Article 55 Whoever, in violation of the provisions of the first paragraph or the second paragraph of Article 35 of this Law, conducts test of pollution by motor-driven vehicle or vessel's exhaust fume without authorization of the administrative departments of environmental protection under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government or the authorization of the departments of communications, fishery or other competent authorities exercising supervisory and administrative power according to law, or practices fraud in the test, he/she shall be ordered to stop the illegal act, make rectification within a time limit and may concurrently be imposed upon a fine of not more than 50,000 yuan by the administrative department of environmental protection under the people's government at or above the county level or the departments of communications, fishery exercising the power of supervision and management according to law

第五十五条违反本法第三十五条第一款或者第二款规定，未取得所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府环境保护行政主管部门或者交通、渔政等依法行使监督管理权的部门的委托进行机动车船排气污染检测的，或者在检测中弄虚作假的，由县级以上人民政府环境保护行政主管部门或者交通、渔政等依法行使监督管理权的部门责令停止违法行为，限期改正，可以处五万元以下罚款

Through analysis and arrangement, the main points are listed as the following: First, the rule of power allocation of corporate organs related to compulsive rules should be directly manipulated under law, and those related to "autonomy of will" should be dealt with constitution mandated by the conference of shareholders, which should be stated clearly by law; Second, referring to the content of power allocation of corporate organs, the due difference allocation should be made for limited liability companies and joint stock limited liability companies respectively; Third, the law should confirm the theoretical and practical significance of the expansion of powers of the board of directors, which means division and re-arrangement of the company's powers; Forth, legislation should limit the dominant shareholders' rights in order to secure the automatic ability of company and improve the environment of corporate governance.

本文通过分析整理，得出主要观点如下：（1）公司机关权力配置规则，涉及属于公司"强行性"的规则应由法律直接规制，而属于"任意型"或"赋权型"的规则，可由股东大会授权以章程的形式解决，法律应明确确立该形式的合法地位；（2）针对公司机关权力配置的内容，法律应分别在有限责任公司和股份有限公司之间合理配置和差别配置；（3）董事会权力的扩大是公司权力的分化和权力内容的重新组合，法律应肯定其积极的实践意义和理论意义；（4）立法应限制控股股东的权力，充分保证公司的自治能力，从而改善公司治理结构环境。

This paper presents a new type control method-the mixture trending law,which based on the exponential trend law,variable rate trend law and the saturated function.

在分析2种控制不足的基础上，提出了基于指数趋近-变速趋近-饱和切换函数的混合趋近控制律，并进行了对比仿真试验分析和实验研究。

By applying the proposed control law to discrete-time variable structure control systems, the stability of origin and steady of systems are better than the exponential rate reaching law and proportional-constant-variable rate reaching law.

应用该趋近设计变结构控制系统，其原点的稳定性和系统的平稳性都优於指数趋近律和比例－等速－变速趋近律。

A new discrete reaching law is presented to improve the reaching process of discrete exponential reaching law.The discrete-time variable structure control system designed by this reaching law can not only weaken the chattering and control the system state approach to zero diminishingly,but also keep the basic property of quasi-sliding mode which can cross the switching surface step by step.This method improves the reaching process and enhances the control quality of the control system.

为了改善离散指数趋近律的趋近过程，提出了一种新的趋近律，利用该趋近律设计的变结构控制器，不仅能够大幅度削弱抖振，使系统运动最终趋于原点不存在稳态振荡，而且能使系统的准滑动模态保持步步穿越切换面的基本属性，有效地改善了趋近过程，提高了控制品质。

Recently significant development of theory of private international law was obtained, which needs to be completed. This paper studies the rise and development of private international law from the view of civil society to exploit new eyeshot with expectation, and provides reference to our practice of civil society and private international law.

近年来，国际私法的理论研究取得了重大进展，但仍有许多需要完善的地方，本文从市民社会的角度研究国际私法的兴起与发展，以期开拓国际私法研究的新视野，并对我国市民社会与国际私法的实践提供一点借鉴。

The traditional commercial law is only the distinctive production under the feudal separation lasting for a long time in the Europe in the history, where the centralized countries lack of unity, and the political powers and rights distributed among other forces of King, feudatory and church. Its closure and particularity gradually disappeared after being brought into the national jurisprudence. But the scholar s vision had not yet been extended besides the civil law and commercial law, which is the historical origin and main cause of the afterwards problems of the civil and commercial unity and separation argument was difficult to draw a conclusion.

传统商法仅仅是历史上欧洲这一特定地区在缺乏统一的中央集权国家，政治经济权力分散于国王、封建领主、教会几大势力，封建割据长期存在这一特定环境下的独特产物，其封闭性和特殊性在纳入国家法的体系后逐渐丧失；但是学者的视野又没能拓展到民法、商法之外，这是后来民商合一与分立之争长期难成定论的历史根源与主要原因。

In the first chapter , we consider the law of iterated logarithm with finite partial sum. Under certain condition ,we extend the law of iterated logarithm with finite partial sum for the Wiener process to Gaussian process ; In addition, we apply the law of iterated logarithm of Chung to the finite partial sum condition.

第一章考虑有限项部分和的重对数律，在一定条件下，将 Wiener过程下有限项部分和的重对数律推广到高斯过程中，得到高斯过程下的有限项部分和的重对数律；另外，将Chung氏重对数律进一步推广到有限项部分和的情形下。

As a form of customary law, they stand for the differences and interactions between state law and folk law.

作为一种习惯法表达方式，也体现了与国家法之间各安其所、时为互动的关系。

You can snipe the second and third union leaders from this position.

您可以鹬第二和第三工会领袖从这一立场出发。

Aiming at the currently shortage of XML streams quality detecting, this paper proposes a new forecasting method of XML streams quality by least squares support vector machines, which is used the method of XML keys' vector matrix as windows, and vector product wavelet transform to multilevel decompose and refactor the XML streams series, that can fulfill real-time checking demand of XML quality, and ensure constraint, consist- ency and integrality. For even more adapting net load, it proposes a control strategy by weight and adaptive adjustment to ensure XML streams quality.

针对当前XML数据流质量检测存在的不足，提出构建XML键的矢量矩阵作为窗口，利用矢量积小波变换多级分解与重构XML数据流，再结合最小二乘支持向量机对XML数据流质量进行预测的一种方法，满足XML数据流质量重构时实时检测的要求，保证XML数据的约束性、一致性与完整性；为了更好的适应网络负载，采取加权与自适应窗口调整等调度策略充分保证XML数据流的质量检测。