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The result indicated: antibacterial concentration of inner thallus increased progressively with time prolongation when added CCCP with antibacteria, proved that multi-resistance of E.coli in livestock and avian is mediated really by active efflux system; The multi-resistant level have positive correlation with AcrAB transcription and expression level; Quantitive RT-PCR,Western-blotting and fluorescence quantitive PCR can use to detect AcrAB.these results provide theory foundation to detect and study multi-resistance of E.coli in veterinary clinic and have a important scientific significance to develop neotype antibacterials.

结果表明，多重耐药株在有CCCP 存在时，菌体内抗菌药物的浓度随时间的延长而递增，证明畜禽大肠杆菌多重耐药性确实由主动外排系统介导；其多重耐药水平与AcrAB的转录、表达水平呈现正相关；定量RT-PCR、Western-blotting、荧光定量PCR可用于AcrAB水平的检测。这些结果对检测临床大肠杆菌的多重耐药水平、对研究兽医临床大肠杆菌多重耐药机制提供理论依据，对开发新型抗菌药物有重要的科学意义。

Cotyledon inoculation method was used to estimate infection rate and to screen resistant and susceptive cultivars of water spinach to white rust (albugo ipomoeae-aquaticae). the results of resistance screening are (1) levels of resistance were not the same among cultivars.

利用子叶感染法，计算感病率来分辨蕹菜品系对於蕹菜白锈菌(white rust， albugo ipomoeae-aquaticae)之抗病能力的实验结果显示：(1)蕹菜对於白锈病的抗病能力随品系而异。

In this study, differences among tolerant capabilities of three species of nitrogen-fixation cyanobacteria (Anabaena azollae, Anabaena flos-aquae, Anabaena azotic) to two new sulfonylurea (Monosulfuron and Monosulfuron ester) were studied, which could be used to further explain the resistant mechanism to sulfonylurea herbicides and how these herbicides take effect.

本文以满江红鱼腥藻、固氮鱼腥藻及水华鱼腥藻为代表，利用环境毒理学的研究手段，通过研究3种固氮蓝藻对2种磺酰脲类除草剂---单嘧磺隆、单嘧磺酯的耐药性差异来揭示对磺酰脲类除草剂产生抗药性和耐药性的机理。

The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that various pathogens had high resistant rate to penicillins and cephalosporins, but sensitive to Imipenem with a sensitive rate of 80%. The sensitive rate of the gram-positive cocci to Vancomycin was more than 85%.

药敏结果显示各种病原菌对青霉素类及头孢类抗生素有较高的耐药率，而对亚胺培南-西司他丁有较高的敏感率，达80%以上，革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素敏感率达85%以上。

Methods Agarose gel electrophoresis analysis was used to detect plasmid profiles. Plate transconjugation and broth transconjugation were used to examine the conjugative resistant plasmids and the agar plate dilution method was used to analyze the minimum inhibitory concentration of 15 antimicrobial agents.

用改良Kado-Liu法提取细菌质粒，琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测质粒，用平板稀释法测定药物最低抑菌浓度，用试管内肉汤接合法和平板表面接合法进行接合转移试验。

Experimental results have shown that if pentaerythritol or starch are used as coking reagent,and if the proportion of deaquation catalyst to coking reagent to bubbling reagent is 5∶1 5∶3 5 and the ratio of blending stock to basic paint material is 7∶3,the fire retardant paints will relatively achieve its best fire resistant properties.

实验发现，采用季戊四醇、淀粉作为成炭剂，脱水成炭催化剂∶成炭剂∶发泡剂＝ 5∶1.5∶3.5、填料∶漆基料重＝ 7∶3时，涂料的防火性能较佳。

To study the growth factor called medium that makes bacteriabreed rapidly and to identify the bacteria within the same system so as to prevent resistant strains. Methods Bacteria were cultured in V type medium and i dentification and drug susceptibility tests were performed.

通过对促细菌快速生长繁殖因子即细菌培养基成分进行科学配比研究，促使细菌能快速生长繁殖，并在同一体系内同时对细菌进行鉴定防止耐药菌株泛滥作了初步探讨[1，2]。

In order to understand the validity of the resistant genes to wheat powdery mildew in Shanxi province, in greenhouse condition, cleistothecia released ascospores were used to infect wheat seedling. The frequencies of virulence genes for 166 isolates of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici from different ecological areas of Shanxi province were tested.

为明确小麦白粉病抗性基因在山西省的有效性，在温室条件下，通过闭囊壳释放子囊孢子侵染麦苗发病，利用28个已知抗病基因品种对分离自山西省不同生态区的166个小麦白粉病菌株进行了毒性基因频率测定。

Compared to the wild type, the mutants' resistant capacity to Cu~(2+) declined and indicates that the Copper-transporting P-type ATPase gene plays an important role in resistance to heavy metal ion such as Cu~(2+) in filaceous fungi Penicillium janthinillum GXCR

对突变体进行抗铜水平检测发现抗Cu~(2+)能力与野生型对照有下降，表明铜转运P型ATP酶基因在丝状真菌微紫青霉菌Penicillium janthinillum GXCR的抗铜能力上起一定作用。

In this study, an attempt is made to account for the observed difference in the susceptibility of Gossypium hirsutum L.(cv. BD-18 and Simian 3, resistant and susceptible to V. dahliae, respectively) to toxin of Verticillium dahliae, by looking for differences in the timing and level of production of NO and H_2O_2, and their effects on the expression of GST gene.

本实验以棉花抗病品种BD-18和感病品种泗棉三号的悬浮细胞为材料，研究了棉花细胞在黄萎病菌毒素处理后H_2O_2和NO的变化，并用半定量RT-PCR的方法检测毒素、H_2O_2和NO对棉花谷胱苷肽-S-转移酶基因转录水平的影响。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！