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In order to overcome the problem that the determination of non-scale interval definite and fractal dimension's computation were affected by human factors, the new method of scale transformation was presented according to the principles of notable regression effect, the smallest residual sum of squares and weak autocorrelation of residual error, which providing reference for the determination of study scale.

本文针对分形理论在描述监测站网分布时易受人为因素影响问题，提出了以回归效果显著，残差平方和最小和残差自相关性小为原则的确定尺度转折点的方法和基于GIS技术的点状数据确定尺度转折点的基本步骤，以期为研究尺度的科学确定提供参考。

These two methods are Levenberg Marquardt Fletcher method and Quasi Newton method which are respectively based on small residual sum of squares and large residual sum of squares bet...

在拉普拉斯空间中进行试井分析是一个有效的方法，我们可以将实测数据经过拉普拉斯变换到拉普拉斯空间中去，然后再在拉普拉斯空间中进行试井分析，这在本文中作了详细论述并且给出了实例。

In real flight, multiple sensors of aircraft engine control system may fault at a time. In order to solve this problem, a revised multiple-failure-hypothesis based testing is investigated. This approach uses multiple Kalman filters, and each of Kalman filter is designed based on a specific hypothesis for detecting specific sensors fault, and then uses WSSR (Weighted Sum of Squared Residual) to deal with Kalman filter residuals, and residual signals are compared with threshold in order to make fault detection decisions. The simulation results show that the proposed method can be used to detect multiple sensors soft failures fast and accurately.

一般认为两个以上传感器同时发生故障的概率较小，但实际上不能排除其发生的可能性；提出了一种改进的多重故障假设方法来解决航空发动机控制系统多传感器同时发生软故障的问题，这一方法采用一组卡尔曼滤波器，每个滤波器对应一个被检测传感器的故障模态；采用残差加权二乘方处理滤波残差并与门限值作比较来判断是否发生故障；仿真结果表明，所提出的方法能有效解决多传感器软故障的检测与隔离问题。

The exact residual modes for substructures with free interfaces are expressed according to the mixed expansion of dynamic flexibility in the summation of three terms,which include the Rubin s second- order approximate terms and their exact residual term.

采用动柔度混合展开公式导出自由界面子结构精确剩余模态的三项和表达式，它在保留Rubin 二级近似的同时补充了其精确余项。

The model was designed with 1: 4 scale, strips width of protection tillage and tradition farming are uniform, to analyze the construction characteristics of the wind velocity flows, the wind velocity lowering rate compared with the wind velocity of farmland and aerodynamic roughness along lengthways of strips under the different experiment wind velocity, diverse width of strip, dissimilar residual stubble density and residual stubble height term.

模型比例尺取1：4，保护性耕作带带宽和裸露带带宽相等，分析不同实验风速、不同带宽、不同作物残茬密度及不同作物残茬高度情况下，风速流场特征、沿带纵向对应裸地风速降低率状况和空气动力学粗糙度。

The measurement system error model analysis is introduced into power system real time network state analysis as an important part for the first time, which can improve on the state estimation quality and provide the capability to monitor the operation of the measurement system; 2. The theory and algorithm of the on-line estimation and update of measurement noise variance based on the relation between the residual variance and noise variance. The statistic properties of the sample variance are discussed and the relation between the estimation precision and sample size under given confidence level is derived; 3. The theory and algorithm of detection and identification of measurement bias are presented, which is based on the relation between residual mean and noise mean. The statistic properties of sample mean are discussed and the relation between estimation precision and sample size is derived; 4. The Givens orthogonal transformation algorithm is selected to be the essential algorithm of state estimation, the fast orthogonal transformation algorithm with damp factor and the algorithm which can handle the zero injection measurements efficiently are presented; 5. The quantity analysis theory of bad data detectivity and identifibility are presented, which describes the relation between the elements in matrix W〓 and bad data amplitude and can provide the theory base for measurement system design and valuation.

一、首次将量测系统误差模型分析做为一个环节引入电力系统实时网络状态分析中，为EMS系统增加了实时监视系统运行、修正量测系统误差模型的新功能，进一步发挥了实时网络状态分析应用软件的潜力；二、首次提出了应用样本方差在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的基本理论，讨论了样本方差的统计性质和概率分布，推导出了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的关系，给出了在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的算法；三、首次提出了应用样本均值在线检测与辨识量测偏差的基本理论，讨论了样本均值的统计性质，推导了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的基本关系，给出了在线检测与辨识量测偏差的算法；四、在状态估计算法设计中，以Givens变换算法做为基本算法，提出了快速正交变换阻尼因子法和可以有效地处理零注入量测的混合法，并对实时应用中的一些问题进行了讨论；五、提出了不良数据可检测性与可辨识性的定量分析理论，揭示了描述量测系统配置、网络结构与参数的残差灵敏度矩阵中的元素与不良数据的幅值在可检测、可辨识能力上的定量关系，为量测系统配置设计与评价提供了理论基础；六、综合国内外最新研究成果，采用自适应自回归预测技术和稀疏矢量技术，构造了较完善的不良数据检测与辨识算法。

Sludge reduction technique is a new concept for disposal of residual sludge proposed based on the reutilization of residual sludge.

污泥是生物处理工艺的最终产物，活性污泥工艺的目的是在最大限度降低BOD5的同时减少污泥的产量。

A method of eliminating the residual vibration of redundant flexible robot manipulators is put forward. The endpoint residual vibration can be reduced easily through optimizing the joint self-motion.

继而提出了利用自身运动进行开环控制以消减冗余度柔性机器人残余振动的方法，在机器人末端运动停止后，通过选择最优的关节自运动，使末端的残余振动尽快消减下来。

This thesis,starting from working out the arrest points and the infl ection points of the function curves of the grey mathema tical model GM(1:1 )and its residual correction model and residual period model, derives the conditions for empliying these grey models to obtain a higher class of accuracy,thus enabling the user to decide which model should be used in the light of the state of given initial sequency data.

从求得灰色数学模型GM(1.1)及其残差指数修正模型和残差周期修正模型函数曲线的驻点与拐点入手，导出使用这些灰色模型取得较高精度的条件，让使用者可依据初始序列数据的态势决定采用哪种数学模型，并且在结果未揭示以前便可大体上估计到拟合精度是否令人满意。

The residual is generated with the method based on mathematical model and an improved sequential probability ratio test is put forward for failure detection to decrease the time used for residual-judge.

用基于模型的方法获取故障状态下的系统残差，并用一种改进的时序概率比检验进行残差判决，缩短了残差判决的时间。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。