查询词典 research and studies

The 28 species of Cycas debaoensis, Stangeria eriopus and Macrozamia moorei etc.in 3 families of Cycadopsida were carried out anatomical studies on vascular tissue, the roots ,stems and leaves of these materials were made histological section by paraffin method and freeze method ,light microscopy observation and the dissociated materials of every organ for light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observation research.

本探究对苏铁纲3个科的德保苏铁、托叶铁、摩瑞大泽米等28个苏铁种类进行了维管组织的解剖学研究，其中对其根、茎、叶进行石蜡切片和冰冻切片观察研究；对各器官材料进行组织离析，光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察研究。

Based on having read a great deal of literatures about economic threshold, the authors pointed out the necessity and importance for applying the method of economic threshold in the studies of Phyllostachys pubescens ecosystem in this paper, and the authors also put forward the concept of economic threshold of Phyllostachys pubescens ecosystem and its research frame and some problems which should be pay attention to.

摘 要：在阅读大量有关经济阈值研究文献的基础上，创新地把经济阈值与毛竹林的科学研究结合起来，指出在毛竹林生态系统研究中，应用经济阈值研究手段与方法的必要性和重要性，并提出毛竹林生态系统经济阈值的概念、研究框架及其注意的一些问题，为毛竹林优化经营和丰产培育提供新的思路与技术。

"There are a bunch of divisive issues in the reauthorization about abstinence, reproductive health, needle exchange, and there are ongoing debates about whether PEPFAR is too much and too predominant and too exceptional and whether it's crowding out other worthy health and developmental initiatives - child survival, water, maternal health, family planning," said Stephen Morrison, co-director of the Africa program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a private policy research group in Washington..

莫利森是华盛顿私人研究组织战略与国际研究中心非洲项目的共同主任。莫利森说：&在重新批准这项计划方面，存在一些造成分裂的问题，包括禁欲、生殖卫生和针具交换。此外，人们正在辩论防治艾滋病紧急救援计划是否有些过头了，是不是太显著、太突出了，它是不是挤走了其它有价值的卫生和发展计划，比如儿童生存、水、孕产妇健康和计划生育等问题。&

In this paper, we put forward an idea that the concrete pump car is robotized. For some problems about booms'robotization of concrete pump car, a lot of studies are thoroughly accomplished, by means of intelligent optimization method and finite element method of model design method, robotic kinematics and dynamics theory, computer graphics, computer simulation, mechanical control technology, hydraulic control technology, and so on. This idea establishes a new development way for research, design improvement and updating of the concrete pump car.

本文提出了泵车布料机构的机器人化的设想，并对泵车布料机构机器人化所涉及的若干问题，应用现代设计方法中的智能优化技术、有限元分析技术以及机器人运动学和动力学理论、计算机图形学原理、计算机仿真、液压控制等技术，进行了深入细致地研究，从而为现代泵车的研究、设计改进和升级换代开辟了新的途径。

At the same time, these studies have given us some imaging techniques and means on the research of skin flap blood vessel morphology, additionally, with the unceasing development of computer processing tech, re-establishment of skin flap 3D dissect coming to be possible. This study established a foundation for observation on the state of skin flap blood supply stereoscopically and making best operative route and treatment plan, implementing the development from plane anatomy to stereoscopic and digital anatomy.

无损伤、直观性强的多层CT，在心脑血管病变、椎管形态学研究方面取得了一些成功经验，同时也为我们在皮瓣血管形态学研究方面也提供了影像学技术手段，加之计算机处理技术手段的不断完善，使得重建皮瓣的三维解剖成为必须和可能，这为立体的观察皮瓣血供情况以及制定最佳的手术入路和治疗方案奠定了基础，实现了由平面解剖向立体解剖和数字解剖的发展。

The book covers both plants and animals, and deals with all relevant areas of research, including biogeography, field work, systematics, theory, and genetic and molecular studies, with special emphasis to topics,including sympatric speciation, reinforcement, the role of hybridization in speciation, the search for genes causing reproductive isolation, and mounting evidence for the role of natural and sexual selection in the origin of species.

该书内容覆盖植物和动物，并且涉及所有相关的研究领域，包括生物地理学，野外工作，系统分类学，理论，和遗传和分子研究，特别强调了包括同区域物种形成，增强，杂交在物种形成中的作用，寻找导致生殖隔离的基因，寻找自然和性别选择在物种起源中作用的证据。

Tangut studies revived around 1978 in China, and since then collected Hsi-Hsia manuscripts abroad and absorbed into it the initial fruits of Chinese experts has been the enormous and often tedious task .My research is accompanied by all serial number of 7,300 Tangut fragments on Aurel·Stein' collection and identification.

遗留到现在的西夏文献存量有限，在可预期的未来很难有象&英藏&、&俄藏&这样的新的文献来源，因此，及时对英藏进行整理将为学人从事更深入的专题研究提供了便利条件，是非常必要的。

The studies exploring the relationship between HPV infection and laryngealcarcinoma began in 1980s,since then,almost all the research was aimed at theinvestigation of the HPV prevalence in the biopsies,due to differences in thechoice of DNA detection method,cell sampling and the geogen,the prevalenceestimates of HPV have varied accordingly,and led to two different points about therelationship between HPV infection and laryngeal carcinoma:some researchersdemonstrated that a higher HPV prevalence could be found in laryngeal carcinomas(from 50% to 90%)than in benign laryngeal lesions,suggesting a relationshipbetween HPV infection and laryngeal carcinoma;but the other researchers foundthat the isolation of HPV is no greater in the laryngeal cancers(from 5% to 43.3%)than in the normal larynx or benign laryngeal lesions,thereby questioning itsctiological significance,so,the role of HPV in the development of laryngealcarcinomas still remains unclear.

有关HPV与喉癌的研究始于80年代，但20多年来研究模式始终停留在对临床标本进行检测的水平上，由于各家采用的检测手段敏感性不同、标本数量以及来源地域也存在差异，使各家学者对喉癌中HPV阳性率的报道极不一致，并由此导致了两种截然不同的观点：一部分学者报告的喉癌标本中HPV阳性率高达50%~90%，并显著高于喉良性肿瘤，认为HPV与喉癌有关；而另有不少学者检测的样本中，阳性率（5%~43.3%）并不比正常喉粘膜及良性肿瘤高，认为HPV与喉癌无关，因此，HPV到底是不是喉癌的致癌因素目前仍无定论。

Based on western accounting fraud theory and other correlated research, the author studies the motivates ^ maker and methods of listed company" fraud by case studying ; Considering CPA"s special role in preventing and detecting accounting fraud, the emphasis of the thesis is paid to CPAs responsibilities on detecting fraud and the cause of audit failure; in order to decreasing management fraud some counterbalances are put forward based on foregoing discuss.

本文在借鉴西方较为成熟的舞弊理论和相关研究成果的基础上，采用案例研究的方法对我国上市公司的会计舞弊的动机、舞弊者、手段进行了分析；鉴于注册会计师在防范和侦察会计舞弊时的特殊作用，本文重点探讨了注册会计师对于会计舞弊的责任及审计失败的原因，并针对论文中发现和提出的问题，从审计的角度提出了减少管理舞弊的相关对策。

The dissertation focused on the technologies, algorithm and application of WBSDM, and the main studies and new contributions are described as follows: 1. Technologies of spatial data mining and web-based data mining are summarized and then the concept of WBSDM is put forward and its main functions and meaning of research are disserted in detail. 2. The framework of web-based spatial data mining is presented. And its background, definition, features, functions, system structure, implementation strategy, key technologies and so on are illustrated systematically.

本项研究旨在总结空间数据挖掘技术和基于Web的数据挖掘技术及WBSDM的应用前景；系统地提出基于Web的空间数据挖掘框架；设计基于XML/J2EE的WBSDM平台模型；将MAS(Multi-AgentSystem)技术引入WBSDM并提出应用策略；研究基于粗糙集的空间知识库刻画模型，提出并实现高维数据的特征提取和数据浓缩算法；提出并实现基于知识库的知识发现模型；构造一个WBSDM的原型实验系统，对本文的相关研究进行验证。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。