查询词典 research and studies

On basis of analyzing the present research situation and existing question of Web knowledge acquisition, this dissertation mainly studies the essential technologies of concept semantic generation, the common text classification methods, user profile construction and approximate query technique based on concept. The main research works are shown as follows.

本文在分析网络知识获取相关技术的研究现状和存在问题的基础上，研究了概念语义生成技术、文本分类方法、典型用户会话模板生成方法以及基于概念的近似查询技术，主要取得以下研究成果：(1)借助NMF算法的分解结果具有实现上的简便性以及分解形式和分解结果可解释性的优点，提出一种基于NMF的概念语义生成方法。

According to " foreword of editor in chief "," Cantabrigian China history " basically be the China that offers sex of foundation of a substantial to historical reader of the west history composing, in although be in,writing a process specificly, the occurrence as the addition that studies positive result, new research technique and the amplification that research a field, compare with original plan, the length of whole book had increase into what earth up, but its primary purpose was not changed it seems that.

据《总编辑序》，《剑桥中国史》主要是给西方的历史读者提供一部有内容的基础性的中国史著作，虽然在具体的编写过程中，随着研究成果的增加、新的研究方法的出现以及研究领域的扩大，与原计划相比，全书的篇幅有了成培的增加，但其基本的目的似乎并未。。。。。。

Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation under the National Key Project"The modern method and system for remote pseudo dynamic testing of structures under earthquake simulation"(50338020), some studies on the method for remotely collaborative hybrid dynamic testing of substructures and structural elements have been carried out in this thesis. The main research achievements are summarized as followings: Based on the network communication platform NetSLab (Networked Structural laboratories) developed by the research group, the rational framework of a platform for remote pseudo dynamic testing applications of substructures and structural elements is proposed and a robust standardized platform entitled NetSLab-SDOF has been developed for remotely collaborative hybrid dynamic testing of single story structures with Visual Basic program language. It is composed of four modules, named as control center, physical tester, virtual tester, and remote observer.

本文结合国家自然科学重点资助课题&现代结构拟动力地震模拟协同试验方法与系统&(50338020)，对结构远程协同拟动力试验方法进行了研究，主要成果如下：基于课题组开发的网络平台NetSLab，搭建了结构远程协同拟动力试验平台的构架，采用Visual Basic语言开发了一个标准化的开放式单层结构远程协同拟动力试验平台NetSLab-SDOF，它由控制中心、真实试验机、虚拟试验机和远程观察器四个模块组成。

The journal publishes original research on the evaluation and characterization of teratogens, carcinogens, or mutagens; reports describing the development of novel experimental techniques for toxicological assessment, or the application of current methods in molecular and cellular biology (including in vitro studies, organ and cell culture, and the use of transgenic animals); as well as critical reviews focused on topics of significant interest to specialists in teratology, cancer biology, and mutation research.

杂志刊有关载致畸剂，致癌物质和诱变剂的评估和特征方面的原始研究；描述毒物评定的实验新技术，或当前方法在分子和细胞生物学（包括体外研究，器官和细胞培养，和转基因动物）中应用的报告；以及对畸形学，癌生物学，和突变研究中生物学家非常感兴趣课题的评论。

Students who have completed the required courses can have access to the choice of over thirty optional courses ranging from tool-using training, to interest extending studies and comprehensive researches. These courses are elaborately designed to extend the students' scope of knowledge in their preferred field and give chances for special-field teachers to teach. We run a Nankai Forum joined by specialists of science and humanities on a regular basis to refresh the academic air and stimulate the students to learn further and wider. We publish the school journal Nankai Teaching Research to help teaching and research. We hold lecture contests among teachers for academic exchange and improvement. We also arrange for students to edit publications, make investigations, and practise socially to create a special atmosphere of learning.

在各年级开齐开足必修课的基础上，学校每学期都开设既严谨又开放的基础工具、兴趣拓展、综合探究等类型的选修课30余门，让老师的专攻有用武之地，学生的个性爱好有拓展的空间；设立&南开讲坛&，定期请来在相关领域有知名度和学术水平的专家学者，科学传导和人文渗透并重，营造在科学观念指导下的文化环境，激发他们对学术殿堂的景仰和向往；定期编辑学术刊物《南开教研》，丰富学术研究的舞台；组织教师基本功优质课比赛，营造交流探讨、学术争论的氛围；组织学生编期刊、搞社会调查、进行社会实践等，建构南开特有的学术氛围。

This research uses the literature analytic method and record of the practice training. Take the student in Yi-lan string orchestra as object of study in period of 89~94 school year. Studies adopt the actual training situation and analysis induction literature material as the method and step of this research.

本研究采用文献分析法及实务训练之记录，以宜兰国小弦乐团 89~94 学年度学生为研究对象，参照实际训练情形及分析归纳文献资料，作为本研究之方法与步骤。

Learning of all the three linguistic forms in terms of both short-term and long-term effects. The differential results have a close relationship with the MT and CV features of them. A form with lower CV might be more attention-demanding in terms of its inherent semantic value.The thesis consists of 5 chapters: Chapter 1 is an introduction of the research topic, purpose and significance; Chapter 2 is a selective literature review of the enhancement techniques and mixed results of FonF in the previous studies, Chapter 3 presents the theoretical framework the present study wasbased on; Chapter 4 reports on the present study, including the hypotheses, operational definitions, subjects, target language forms, research design, procedures, instrument, data collection and analysis, analysis, discussion; and Chapter 5 is the conclusions of the present study.

本文由五部分构成：第一章为引言，介绍选题、研究目的及其意义；第二章对前期'有意注意形式教学'研究中注意强化技巧及取得的不同研究成果进行了回顾，并指出了尚存问题；第三章为理论框架，根据注假设意理论及输入加工理论，建立了本研究假设；第四章报告了现行研究，包括研究假设，目标语选用，实验及其数据收集、整理、分析、讨论；第五章报告了研究结论：'有意注意形式教学法'只对学习部分语言形式有效；学习某些语言形式时传统教学法更有效；语言结构复杂性对教学方法的有效性具有显著影响。

Field research, conducted with the principle of choosing an ordinary teacher and reviewing its reflective behaviors in teaching, have shown that the research results of previous studies in contents and methods of reflection, and influential factors in this process. Specifically, the survey reveals the teacher"s reflection on teaching process, teaching environment, and characteristics, strong points and weak points etc.; reflective methods adopted by the teacher, such as individual preparation for lessons, postscripts, annual summary, thesis papers, reading theoretical documents, and talking with students and colleagues, and network; factors influencing reflection such as a school"s teaching environment, life pressure and personal commitment.

通过对本着从具体的生活场景中选择一位普通教师，并对其教学反思的行为进行实地考察的原则来选择的考察对象的研究发现，已有研究所提出的一些反思内容、方法和影响因素在教学实践中有所体现，诸如对教学过程、教学环境、自身的特点和优缺点等方面的反思；采用个人备课、教后记、学年总结、论文、阅读理论文献、与学生谈话、同事、网络等教学反思方法；学校教学环境、生存压力、个人信念等教学反思的影响因素。

Harvard University also maintains the Arnold Arboretum, in Boston; the Harvard College Observatory, based in Cambridge; the research center for Byzantine and Early Christian studies at Dumbarton Oaks, in Washington, D.C.; and Villa I Tatti in Settignano, Italy, formerly the home and library of art critic Bernard Berenson and now a center for art history research.

哈佛大学还维持阿诺德树木园，在波士顿的哈佛学院天文台总部设在英国剑桥的研究中心的拜占庭和早期基督教研究敦巴顿橡树园，在华盛顿特区；和别墅我Tatti在Settignano ，意大利，原主页和图书馆的艺术评论家伯纳德贝伦森和现在的中心艺术史的研究。

Richard MacKinnon, Canada Research Chair in Intangible Culture and Director, Centre for Cape Breton Studies "Digitizing Canada's Gaelic Intangible Cultural Heritage", Kirstin Evenden, Vice President, Access, Collections, Exhibits, Glenbow Museum, and Terrance Houle, Artist "Digital Heritage and First Nations Cultures at Glenbow", Dr. Laurier Turgeon, Director, Institut du patrimoine culturel, Université Laval "Inventory of ethnological heritage resources", Brian Porter, Senior Director, New Media Resources, Royal Ontario Museum Royal Ontario Museum, with Yongjian Zhai, Director, Software Engineering, Arius 3D,"3D Digitization Solutions: Arius 3D and the Royal Ontario Museum". Dr. John McAvity, Executive Director, Canadian Museums Association, and Mr. Dale Jarvis, Intangible Cultural Heritage Development Officer Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador also introduced their programs. Chinese scholars exchanged research findings with Canadian Professors in the field of intangible cultural heritage in China. The Chinese presentations including Dr.

在会上就加拿大范例发言的加拿大代表有：加拿大国家文明博物馆馆长Victor Rabinovithch：&加拿大博物馆与非物质文化保护&，不列颠哥伦比亚大学人类学博物馆馆长Antony Shelton博士：&互联网与非物质文化&，加拿大非物质文化保护国家专项主任Richard Mackinnon博士：&加拿大盖尔人非物质文化遗产的数码化保护&，卡尔加里市格伦鲍博物馆Kirstin Evenden女士和黑脚原住民部落Terence Houle先生：&格伦鲍博物馆原住民文化及数字化遗产项目&，拉瓦尔大学文化遗产学院院长Laurier Turgeon博士：&民俗文化遗产来源&，皇家安大略博物馆Brian John Porter和Arius 3D科技公司Yongjian Zhai：&政府项目与私企合作范例介绍&，加拿大博物馆协会执行主任John Gillis McCavity博士，纽芬兰和拉布拉多基金会发非物质文化发展官员Dale Gilbert Jarvis等。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。