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Methods:The effect of chrysin on HIV1 infection and replication in vitro were detected by cell fusion of MT2 cells and HIV1ⅢB/H9 cells labeled calceinAM and the inhibition study of syncytia formation and p24 production monitored in culture supernatant of MT2 cells infected by HIV1ⅢB, respectively. Flurescence conjugated monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of CD69 by activated CD4+T in response to PHA.

以CR对CalceinAM标记的慢性感染HIV1ⅢB的H9细胞（H9/HIV1ⅢB）和MT2细胞的融合、对HIV1诱导的MT2细胞形成合胞体及对感染HIV1的MT2细胞产生p24抗原的影响，探讨其抗HIV1活性；以PHA刺激人外周血单个核细胞，利用流式细胞术，检测CD4+T细胞CD69表达的百分率，分析CR对免疫活化的影响。

When 3 mmol·L-1 crocin treated T24 cells for 48h, the difference was significant compared with the control group ( P .05). Crocin induced wide changes of the gene expression profile of T24 cells. A total of 836 genes were up-regulated or down-regulated by more than 2 times, which were involved cell cycle controlling, DNA cell apoptosis, replication factor, and so on.

基因芯片检测发现3 mmol·L-1藏花素作用T24细胞48 h引起该细胞系基因表达谱广泛地改变，其中表达差异2倍以上的基因共836个，这些差异表达基因的功能涉及多个方面，最为明显的是与细胞生长调节相关的细胞周期调节基因、细胞凋亡调控基因、DNA复制相关基因等类型。

In conclusion, HCV-specific CD8+ cells inhibit viral RNA replication by cytokine-mediated and direct cytolytic effects.

总之，HCV特异性CD8+细胞通过细胞因子介导和直接溶细胞效应抑制了病毒RNA的复制。

Although, in our study the functional characteristics of these T cells was not investigated, we can speculate that in HBsAg inactive carriers, a dynamic population of HBV specific T cells, both in the liver and periphery exists, that is able to produce antiviral cytokines (i.e. IFN-gama) and thus suppress HBV replication without cytolytic liver damage.

我们虽然没有研究这些细胞的功能特征，但是可以推测：非活动性乙肝病人机体内，有一个具有动态数量的HBV特异性T细胞群，在肝组织和外周都存在，它们能够产生抗病毒因子抑制病毒的复制，同时不造成肝细胞损伤。

By the cooperation of 8-MOP/UVA, the photoaging-characteristic biological markers of the dermic fibroblasts in vivo and in intro were changed as follows:① with a permanent switch of mitotic to stably postmitotic phentypes, fibroblasts displayed growth suppression and morphological changes of cell senescence;② increasing expression of SA-β-galactosidase;③ increasing expression of p16 protein;④ continuous up-regulation of mRNA of MMP-1 and MMP-3, while the protein of TIMP-1 was only slightly induced;⑤ high levels of the 4977bp deleted mtDNA accumulated in dermis and cultured fibroblasts, and large accumulation of a A→C base transversion of 414 position of 〓 of human mtDNA control region for replication of cultured fibroblasts also.

2.8-MOP/UVA作用下，体内外真皮成纤维细胞生物学特性出现具有光老化特征性的改变：①细胞由具有分裂活性的分裂表型转化为不具有分裂能力的分裂后表型，形态学出现细胞衰老的相应改变；②SA-β-Gal表达增加；③p16蛋白表达增加；④MMP-1、MMP-3 mRNA持续表达而TIMP蛋白表达仅被轻微诱导；⑤mtDNA 4977bp缺失大量累积，培养成纤维细胞mtDNA复制控制区〓片段414碱基迅速出现大量A→C的点突变。

Replication of DNA in some viruses requires the use of proteins that have no enzymatic activity.

一些病毒的DNA复制需要一些没有酶活性的蛋白质的作用。

Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative, anaerobic eubacterium that was isolated from a fresh water hot spring in Tengchong, China. Using a"whole-genome-shotgun"method, we sequenced its 2, 689, 445-bp genome from an isolate, MB4〓(Genbank Accession Number AE008691). The genome encodes 2, 588 predicted coding sequences . Among them, 1, 764 (68. 2％) are classified according to homology to other documented proteins, and the rest, 824 CDS (31. 8％), are functionally unknown. One of the interesting features of the T. tengcongensis genome is that 86. 7％ of its genes are encoded on the leading strand of DNA replication.

中文题名腾冲嗜热厌氧菌全基因组测序及分析副题名外文题名 A complete sequence of the T.tengcongensis genome 论文作者包其郁导师杨焕明研究员学科专业遗传学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数88页关键词腾冲嗜热厌氧菌基因组嗜热菌馆藏号BSLW /2003 /Q939.1 /33 腾冲嗜热厌氧菌（MB4＇）是分离于我国腾冲地区温泉内的革兰氏阴性厌氧真细菌。

Further, the global gene expression profiles differ in hepatoma cells with and without HBV gene expression and replication.

此外，在肝癌细胞系中，乙肝病毒的复制和乙肝蛋白的表达能引起细胞基因表达的全局性改变。

Active viral replication and histologically proven liver necrosis are risk factors for progression to cirrhosis.

病毒复制活跃和组织学已证实的肝组织炎症坏死是慢性肝炎向肝硬化进展的高危因素。

Viral replication and microbial translocation from the gut to the blood during HIV infection lead to hyperimmune activation, which contributes to the decline in CD4+ T cell numbers during HIV infection. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are both upregulated during HIV infection.

加拿大蒙特利尔大学和美国佛罗里达免疫和基因治疗研究所的科学家合作进行的研究发现，膜蛋白PD-1和细胞衍生因子IL-10这两种分子联手作用，影响了艾滋病病人体内的CD4T细胞发挥正常作用，从而导致患者免疫系统受损并加快了患者病情的发展。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。