查询词典 replacement cost

We use quantitative method, analyzed the usage of saving matrix method in transportation routine selection, discuss the transportation cost by value engineering method and the optimization for logistics cost; also, we give the evaluation system for logistics cost.

分析了物流成本的构成，指出了物流成本冰山特性、二律背反特性以及乘数效应，提出物流成本确认方法，及物流成本的投资——收益分析，明确了物流成本控制研究的内容，指出应从整体观念、系统角度进行物流成本控制，分析了精益物流成本管理的思路，及全面成本管理在物流成本控制中的应用。

1The feature of high-tech enterprises impacts requirements on cost management by high-tech enterprises, while traditional cost management appears unaccommodated, the information supplied by which and management decision making of enterprises becomes much loser in relativity, and so deduces the strategic cost management of high-tech enterprises.

通过本文的研究，可以得出如下结论：1。高新技术企业的特征影响着高新技术企业对成本管理的要求，传统的成本管理出现了不适应性，它所提供的信息与企业管理决策的相关性在减弱，进而演绎出高新技术企业战略成本管理。

But budget increase is not the only approach to assess the cost; it should be consider from the view of entire cost management. By doing so, one will get different conclusion about the cost problem of digital library and digitalize service.

然而检视成本不能仅从预算新增的角度著手，应以整体成本管理的观点思量，可能对於电子化馆藏与数位服务的成本问题有不同的评价。

Secondly, based on the theoretical research, the water and air pollution charge standard is calculated by marginal cost means, waste solid pollution charge standard is calculated by land opportunity cost means and noise pollution charge standard is calculated by eliminative cost means.Thus this paper carries on the. microscopic analyses, which include the region actual condition and the goal of the total amount control.

然后从理论研究着手，根据边际费用法原理对收集到的数据进行回归处理，得到关于水污染物和大气污染物的污染治理费用函数，计算并提出水与大气的总量收费标准建议；运用土地机会成本法和费用法计算，提出对固体废物和噪声污染物排污收费标准的建议。

Through is it serve profit and loss current situation and analysis of reason to support parents to three city , predict development trend served to support parents, is it is it is it serve general factor and concrete factor of cost-effective to support parents to influence to make a concrete analysis of, and then from reducing the social cost supporting parents and serving separately, entreprise cost and is it support parents tangible income and invisible income of service organization respect propose countermeasure with is it support parents energetical development of service business to promote to raise.

通过对三市养老服务盈亏现状与原因的分析，预测养老服务的发展趋势，并具体分析影响养老服务成本效益的一般因素与具体因素，进而分别从降低养老服务的社会成本、企业成本及提高养老服务机构的有形收入和无形收入等方面提出对策以促进养老服务事业的大力发展。

After a study on Chinese financial practice, we find that though Chinese banking system has high cost and low efficiency, one side, Chinese security market has very low efficiency to overcome asymmetric information and has many unsolved problems in short term that brings very high additional cost, so security market is not a good system to substitute the Chinese banking system and must develop after these problems are solved, on the other hand, the cost of Chinese banking system is mainly exogenously produced, the experiences of western commercial banking practice and the joint-stock reform in some Chinese banks have proved that the efficiency of Chinese banking system can be improved. So one of our conclusions is that China should emphases on the reform and development of the banking system.

一方面，本文通过对中国证券市场的进一步分析，发现中国证券市场制度设计上存在严重不合理，短期内仍然缺乏合适的生存环境，这也导致其过去十多年的超常规发展中不仅具有低的效率，而且形成了许多短期内难以克服的缺陷，这充分表明证券市场不应成为我国金融体系短期内的重点方向，证券市场未来的进一步发展必须以这些问题和缺陷的解决为前提；另一方面，进一步的分析表明，我国银行业目前的巨大成本主要为外生，同时，对西方发达国家银行业发展和我国银行股份制改革的经验总结表明，只要在一定的条件下，银行业的效率完全可以有效提高，因而，中短期内我国应重点对银行业进行改革和发展，尤其是要加快银行业的股份制改革进程。

With simulating, the fact is proved that GARA can achieve high delivery rate the same as ARAMA, but reduce forty percentage of cost less than ARAMA. So GARA outperforms ARAMA on Routing Cost and Data Cost.

经过模拟分析后，证实在大规模无基础行动网路下，GARA能够获得与ARAMA一样高的封包到达率，而对於路由成本与资料成本的付出，只需要负担大约60%的成本支出。

The optimal model of indirected cost allocation for maximizing profit of enterprises using cost based pricing has been developed.The object function of maximizing profit has been shown convex.Then,a method of optimal indirected cost allocation for maximizing profit has been proposed.

在此基础上建立了企业在采用成本定价法时，以获得最大利润为目标的间接固定成本分摊的优化模型，证明了成本分摊的利润性能函数是一个凹函数，由此给出了一种利润最大化的间接固定成本的优化分配方法

I am a stationmaster, also be each laic, I put the ad of the mom in a few A in my website, had received penny a few times, what to receive even unexpectedly so called technology serves cost, thinking originally is small alliance of big company unlike should deduct tax, deduct remittance cost, did not think of to do each technology to serve cost unexpectedly, have originality very much.

我是个站长，也是各俗人，我在我的一个网站放了几个阿里妈妈的广告，收过几次小钱，居然还要收什么所谓的技术服务费，本来以为是大公司不像小联盟要扣税，扣汇款费，没想到居然搞出来各技术服务费，很有创意。

The research contents with main full text and research results are summarized as follows:First of all , estimate the inaccurate difficult problem consuming time to the cost while making products quotation course, improve the existing index and predict the law levelly and smoothly with the fuzzy mathematics theory, propose the fuzzy similar comparative law builds and constructs the cost to appraise models, thus the speed and precision of improving the cost and estimating greatly .

全文主要的研究内容和研究成果概括如下：首先，针对制造产品报价过程中成本估算不准确、耗时的难题，用模糊数学理论改进现有的指数平滑预测法，提出模糊相似比较法建构成本估价模型，从而大大提高了成本估算的速度和精度。

You can snipe the second and third union leaders from this position.

您可以鹬第二和第三工会领袖从这一立场出发。

Aiming at the currently shortage of XML streams quality detecting, this paper proposes a new forecasting method of XML streams quality by least squares support vector machines, which is used the method of XML keys' vector matrix as windows, and vector product wavelet transform to multilevel decompose and refactor the XML streams series, that can fulfill real-time checking demand of XML quality, and ensure constraint, consist- ency and integrality. For even more adapting net load, it proposes a control strategy by weight and adaptive adjustment to ensure XML streams quality.

针对当前XML数据流质量检测存在的不足，提出构建XML键的矢量矩阵作为窗口，利用矢量积小波变换多级分解与重构XML数据流，再结合最小二乘支持向量机对XML数据流质量进行预测的一种方法，满足XML数据流质量重构时实时检测的要求，保证XML数据的约束性、一致性与完整性；为了更好的适应网络负载，采取加权与自适应窗口调整等调度策略充分保证XML数据流的质量检测。