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The merit of the invention are: 1 adopting free curved surface imaging method , three part reflection type Zernike polynomial free curved surface forms short focal distance bigger, relative apertures bigger fields of view angle imaging , rectifying optical aberration much better and its structure is simple; 2 adopting the reflection structure without optical lens, has removed the effect of various chromatic aberration , guarantee the imaging articulation; 3 adopt the design of short focal distance big fields of view angle, focal distance 8 - 15 mm, field of view angles 100 -135 degree, having 120 times multiplications under 250 mm imaging distance, having ultra-thin characteristic property; 4 adopting big relative apertures design ,the relative aperture is 2.0-2.4, having improved the illuminance of flat surface; 5 adopting image space telecentric imaging method , ensures that the image surface irradiance is homogeneous.

本发明的优点是：1采用自由曲面成像方法，三片反射式Zernike多项式自由曲面形成短焦距大相对孔径大视场角成像，更好地校正像差，结构简单；2采用无透镜形式的反射式结构，消除了各种色差影响，保证成像清晰度；3采用短焦距大视场角设计，焦距8～15mm，具有100～135度的视场角，在250mm成像距离下有120倍的放大倍数，具有超薄特性；4采用大相对孔径设计，相对孔径为2.0～2.4，提高像平面上的光照度；5采用像方远心成像方法，保证像面辐照度均匀。

B using press-volume technique, this paper studied the seasonal changes of water potential at saturated point (Ψ, water potential at turgor loss point (Ψ relative osmotic water content at turgor loss point ROWC(superscript thp, relative water content at turgor loss point RWC(superscript tlp, relative content of apoplastic water, bound water/free water V(subscript a/V, and the difference between (Ψ and (Ψ of Reaurnuria trigyna growing on heavy solonchack, non-salinized soil, and saline soil.

运用压力容积技术，研究了4种盐分生境下长叶红砂饱和含水量时最大渗透势Ψ(上标 sat 下标 s、初始质壁分离时的渗透势Ψ(上标 tlp 下标 s初始质壁分离时渗透水相对含量ROWC(上标 tlp、初始质壁分离时的相对含水量RWC(上标 tlp、质外体水的相对含量、束缚水与自由水的比值V(下标 a/V，以及饱和含水量时最大渗透势与初始质壁分离时的渗透势之差的季节变化。

Firstly, from Gauss' equations and relative motion equations, the relation of control impulse and relative motion was expressed as analysis formulas and simplified based on the near circular condition. By deeply analyzing the mechanism of impulses in each directions (radial, in-track and cross-track directions) effect on relative motion respectively, two maneuvers to establish formation flying are provided: one is to utilize the impulses in radial and cross-track directions, the other is to utilize the impulses in along-track and cross-track directions. Both of the two methods can establish satellite formation flying of any configuration. The method with impulses irradial and cross-track directions needs only 3 impulses, while the method with impulses in along-back and cross-track directions needs 4 impulses. Lastly, by an example of establishing a space-circle formation flying, two maneuvers were compared with each other in the amount of impulses and fuel consuming estimation.

首先由高斯型拉格朗日轨道摄动运动方程得到轨道坐标系中控制冲量与轨道根数偏差的关系，基于近圆轨道的条件简化并带入相对运动方程，得到控制冲量与相对运动的关系表达式；通过深入分析各个方向（径向、沿迹向与轨道面法向）的控制冲量对相对运动的影响，给出了分别用径向与轨道面法向控制冲量组合和沿迹向与轨道面法向控制冲量组合实现编队捕获的两种控制策略；最后给出了一个空间圆编队捕获实例，并从燃料消耗、施加冲量次数及捕获时间等角度对比研究了两种控制策略的特点。

A new solution concept for multiobjective optimization and decision making──rel-ative efficiency and weak relative efficiency are proposed. Their relationships with the Pareto effi-ciency are discussed ,and the geometric meaning and economic interpretation for relative efficiency and the existance theorem for relative efficient solution are give.

就多目标优化与决策问题，本文提出了一种解的新概念──—相对有效性和弱相对有效性，并讨论了它们与Pareto有效性之间的关系，给出了相对有效性的几何意义与经济解释及相对有效解的存在性定理，根据这一新概念，设计了一种多目标决策分析方法──—相对有效性决策法。

When using relative number or average number to get averaging, you may use denominator or numerator of this relative number or average number as weight number to weigh the relative number or average number,and use frequency formula or weighted harmonic mean formula of weighted arithmetic mean formula to get its mean value.

在由相对数或平均数求平均数时，可以以这一相对数或平均数的分母或分子为权数，对这一相对数或平均数进行加权，利用加权算数平均数的频数公式或加权调和平均数公式求其平均值。

Firstly, This paper processes geometry filtration based on character of orbit's apogee and perigee after orbit model is analyzed and based. Secondly Space Debris is separated into two kinds, coplanar and not coplanar according as location interrelation of target and debris. In Dynamic filtration's processing, considering prediction time limit and orbit perturbation, secular effects which have increaser effect is considered so that some need catching danger time point is appeased, some law about time when target and debris pass intersectant line each other is inferred, when debris and object are in different plane and some similar law also is inferred otherwise. The time list is arithmetical progression. These laws can improve calculation efficiency remarkably; Lastly orbit predict is a course approaching least distance. Danger time point in the last step become beginning time point from which debris and object's position and velocity are calculated by SXP4 Model which is an analytic model.By result, determine that relative movement trend is closer or apart, farther calculate the interval apart from time when predictive least relative distance occurs. Least relative distance and time when least distance occurs is calculated finally. It is a fast approach course adopting varied interval.

本文在分析、建立轨道摄动计算模型的基础上，首先采用基于轨道远、近地点特征对大量编目在册的空间碎片进行初步几何静态筛选，然后根据碎片与目标轨道面的相对位置特点把碎片分为异面与准共面两种情况以进行动态筛选，在筛选过程中考虑到预报时限长度和轨道摄动影响，引入了轨道摄动中具有积累效应的长期项以满足危险时间点的捕捉要求，利用了长期项摄动变化线性的特点导出了碎片与目标异面情况下各自过交线的时间序列成准等差数列的规律性和准共面情况下类似的规律性，从而显著地提高了前期轨道筛选的计算效率；最后对剩余危险碎片和目标飞行器利用SXP4轨道预报模型在前期轨道筛选的基础上以各个危险探测时间点为预报的时间起点，并根据预报计算结果，分析目标和碎片在该时间点的运动趋势是相互远离还是相互接近，推出预计最小相对距离发生时刻相对此刻的时间长度，得到其随时间变化的局部最小相对距离以及危险距离发生的时刻和相对速度，这是一个采用变时间步长、快速逼近最小相对距离的过程。

The linear extrapolation technique was the most practical and suitable method because of its relative high correlation with a wide range of chlorophyll content, relative simple algorithm, relative high sensitivity to chlorophyll at high or low content and application to more wider bandwidth spectra.

四点线性内插法计算的红边位置往往偏大，最大一阶导数法与叶绿素含量的关系存在着明显的不连续性，拉格朗日内插法、倒高斯模型法在一定程度上存在着对高叶绿素含量的饱和现象，多项式拟合法对拟合波段区间、最高项次及光谱分辨率等比较灵敏而导致结果不够稳定，而线性外推法计算出的红边位置对叶绿素含量最为敏感，预测的准确度最高，且计算相对比较简单，并能适用于较宽波段的遥感数据。

By summarizing the futures of the relative permeability curve in low permeable reservoirs and study of the futures of relative permeability curve in lithic arenite which rock fragments are most come from tuff and lava, it is the reservoirs rock character, the type of detrital minerals, the degree of grains coarse and the lay out of clay mineral that are main influencing factors which influence the relative permeability curve.

本文在总结低渗透油藏油水相对渗透率曲线特征的基础上，对以火山岩、凝灰岩岩屑为主的岩屑砂岩相对渗透率曲线特征进行研究，并分析了其影响因素，研究表明低渗透储层的岩石学特征，碎屑颗粒的成份、结构，其表面的粗糙程度，及其粘土矿物的产状对相对渗透率曲线有明显的影响。

The stable structure of mass base__ the particle of photon most afterwards reach the verge of relative macrocosm, combine the relative space-energy of self, again come to do the quantum of stable spatial measurement radiate reach the relative vacuum of spatial curvature is 1/3 index of change level, return in the dark energy of cosmic energy, by the stable speed of (9/4)×107 m /s come to do random shift, later on again at random relatively gather.

基础质量的稳定结构--光微粒子最终到达相对的宏观世界的边沿，携带自己的相对空间能，再次成为稳定宇称量子辐射到更平直的空间的曲率指数为1/3的相对真空中去，回到宇宙能量的暗能量行列，以(9/4)×107m/s 的稳定速度成随机地移动，以后再随机地相对聚结。

12 On the minimum relative humidity, 75%; 2 ~ September relative humidity of 81% or more, in which the relative humidity in June reached a maximum of 86%.

年平均相对湿度为81%。11、12月相对湿度最小，为75%；2~9月相对湿度均在81%以上，其中6月相对湿度最大，达到86%。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。