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Data in this chapter are prepared and edited by Division of Population and Employment Statistics, Division of National Economic Accounting, Division of Industry and Transport Statistics, Division of Statistics of Investment in Fixed Assets, Division of Trade and External Economic Relations Statistics, Division of Social and Technology Statistics, Division of Comprehensive Statistics of Municipal Bureau of Statistics and NBS Survey Office in Chongqing, on basis of data from related divisions of Municipal Bureau of Statistics, statistical bureaus of districts and from related municipal departments.

本章资料分别由市统计局人口就业处、核算处、工业交通处、固定资产投资处、贸易外经处、社会科技处、综合处和国家统计局重庆调查总队根据有关专业统计资料、各区县统计局资料和市级有关部门的区县资料整理编辑。

The experiment objects are 15 age-related cataract patients (28 target eyes). Furthermore, this study makes an Age-related Cataract Image Blurring Program which can blur the digital eye chart for the second experiment -"Blurry Image Recognition Experiment". The purpose of the second experiment is to decrease the visual acuity of young healthy eyes (vision with correction, 1.0) and to gather statistics for recognition critical point. These statistics represent different blurry degree of visual degeneration and are used to construct the simulation function of testbed.

透过本研究撰写之老年性白内障影像模糊化程式，将电子式视力检查表进行模糊影像处理，并由视觉屈光正常之受测者(或矫正视力为1.0之受测者)进行模糊影像辨识实验，完成每行视标之可辨识临界点之统计，再将统计数据应用於平台制作，以模拟不同视力退化程度之功能。

A group is '''finitely generated'''(respectively '''finitely related''','''finitely presented''') if it has a presentation that is finitely generated (respectively finitely related, a finite presentation).

群是'''有限生成'''的(分别为'''有限关联'''的，'''有限展现'''的)，如果它有有限生成的(分别为有限关联的，有限展示的)的展示。

The convergence of the traditional nonlinear equations is related to the selected initial value, but the convergence of the fixed point method is not related to it.

传统的非线性有限元方程组的数值求解法（牛顿-拉普森迭代法与共轭梯度法）只能求解单值性有限元方程，且其收敛行为与初始值的选择有关，而不动点方法在求解非线性方程组时的收敛行为不受初始值选择的影响，在大范围内是一致收敛的。

In the part I, the concept, development and current lawmaking status of E-mail are introduced. In this part, the writer states the source, development and basic technical principals of E-mail and analyses its current application status and the importance of effectiveness identification of being evidence. Besides, related international laws on E-mail and lawmaking status in many countries are introduced. Present situation of our country's lawmaking and related model laws since the utilization of E-business and E-mail are also stated and discussed. Part II emphasizes on the differences between E-mail and traditional evidences and generalizes the characteristics of E-mail, i.e.: forgeability, changeability, dependence, uncertainty, duplicatability and transmission. Through the detailed analysis, the writer concludes that it is the above-mentioned characteristics to hinder E-mail becoming the effective evidence. Part III is the key one of this article and mainly discusses the effectiveness identification of E-mail as evidence. In this part, the writer states how the 5 characteristics of E-mail mentioned in Part II to affect the validity and authenticity of E-mail as evidence.

第一部分介绍了电子邮件的概念、发展及立法现状，在该部分中笔者详细阐述了电子邮件的产生、发展以及电子邮件运作的基本技术原理，论述了电子邮件目前的应用状况以及解决其作为证据被认定问题的重要性，同时还介绍了世界上与电子邮件有关的相关国际规范以及各国立法的情况，并讨论了我国自电子商务及电子邮件使用以来的立法现状以及相关的典型立法；第二部分重点阐述了电子邮件与传统证据的区别，并将这些区别归纳为电子邮件作为数据电文的一种类型所具有的特殊属性，即：易伪造性，易修改性，依附性，原件不确定性，易复制和传播性，通过对这些特性的详细阐述，得出了这些属性是导致电子邮件无法成为有效证据的主要障碍的这一结论；第三部分是本文的重点，着重讨论了电子邮件证据效力的认定问题，该部分主要阐述了第二部分提及的电子邮件的五个特性造成了电子邮件证据在合法性和真实性这二方面的障碍。

Further analysis shows, the average fractional error between the related equation and the actual experimental date is 1.5% in 20℃. The related equation based on dimensional analysis can properly coincide with the actual result.

通过分析比较发现，20℃时关联式相对於实测数据的平均相对误差仅为1.5%，由此证明利用量纲分析得出的膜通量衰减关联式较好地反映了实验结果。

The occurrence and development of lung cancer was a complex multi-factorial multi-step biological process,and apoptosis imbalance was closely related to it.puma was a new member of the apoptosis-related genes that was initially identified in 2001,and was the downstream garget gene of p53,and through p53-dependent and non-dependent pathway to promote apoptosis.

肺癌的发生发展是一多因子、多步骤的复杂生物学过程，与凋亡失衡有着密切的关系。puma是2001年新发现的凋亡相关基因领域新成员之一，是p53的下游靶基因，可通过p53依赖和p53非依赖途径促进细胞凋亡，其介导的凋亡机制在肿瘤包括肺癌发展的多阶段中都起到重要的作用。

Molecular analyses of samples of the genus from America and related genera have revealed that Gaultheria could be considered paraphyletic if the closely related genera of the "wintergreen group", i.e., Diplycosia, Tepuia and Pernettya, are excluded. These genera should be treated as part of Gaultheria; however, an infrageneric system of the genus may not be well established without sampling the Asian members of the genus.

对白珠树属产于美洲的类群和相关类群的分子系统学的初步研究则表明，该属与Diplycosia、Tepuia和Pernettya等属关系密切，可能应将这几个属并入到白珠树属中，但其属下分类系统关系还需要对产于亚洲的类群进行深入的研究后才能确定。

The GAW web site provides information on these components, as well as offering a variety of publications, a listing of GAW-related meetings and workshops, and links to related international programs and projects.

网站除了提供上述项目内容的相关信息外，还提供出版物、会议活动、以及相关的国际项目和计划的网址链接。

We propose that there are AS related genes, and their activation, restrain or mutation at genic expression level might be closely related to the process of atherogenesis.

影响动脉粥样硬化发病的相关基因的启动、失活或突变，和外界环境等危险因子一样，都和AS的发生关系密切。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷