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PIAS proteins play roles mainly through two mechanisms: acting as SUMO E3 ligases to promote modifications of some transcriptional factors and cofactors, especially sumoylation, and to regulate their transcriptional activation; acting as structural proteins to offer platforms for protein-protein interactions and to promote the abstraction and recruitment of other regulators in the cellular signal pathway complexes or gene transcriptional complexes, companied by the subnuclear location of target proteins.

PIAS蛋白的调控机制主要有两种：一种是通过其自身所具有的SUMO(small ubiquitin-related modifiers)E3连接酶活性，促进对一些转录因子、转录辅因子的化学修饰，尤其是SUMO化修饰，从而调控它们的转录活性；另一种是作为构架蛋白，为蛋白质之间的相互作用提供平台，促进细胞信号通路复合物或基因转录复合物中其它调节蛋白的去除和募集，并涉及到靶蛋白的亚核定位。

Through to the arrangement of the epidemic diseases of this period , we can find the following characteristics: First, epidemic diseases were closely related to political situation turbulence and incessant war; Secondly , had obvious seasonality and regional characteristics , the pilosity ,to summer and the South areas; Third, the epidemic diseases were often accompanied natural calamities such as bloods and droughts ; Finally, it was apt to cause epidemic diseases that the heavy forced labour taking place.

通过对此时期疾疫资料的整理，可以发现如下特点：第一，疾疫与政局动荡和战争兵燹密切相关；其次，具有明显的季节性和地域性特征，多发于夏季和江南地区；第三，疫病多与水旱灾害相伴而来；最后，沉重的徭役征发也容易引发疾疫。

Under the conditions to consider the influence of the inertia of loading side and the stiffness of torque sensor,the dynamic models are established,the conclusion that the superfluous moment is related to the motion velocity,acceleration,and the differential of acceleration is presented.0n the basis of this dynamic model,a more effective control method to reject to extraneous moment from the view point of the division and cooperation of the function of the controller,i.e.hybrid control method,is proposed.

在考虑力矩传感器刚度和加载侧惯量影响的情况下，建立了电液力矩加载系统的动态模型，指出多余力矩不仅与运动速度干扰有关，而且还与运动加速度干扰和加速度的变化率干扰有关。在此基础上给出了一种从职能分工角度抑制多余力矩更有效的控制方法——混合控制法。

This article holds that through the analysis of how to use the the relationship between policy networks, expressing the aspirations of their own interests, then have been expressed and developed in public policy, as social actors in their role, status, functions in the policy process received country and citizens'recognitions and is related to how the normative development of social intermediary organizations, to establish cooperation and interaction mechanism between industry organizations and inter-governmental in network, and p1olicy's formulation and implementation is likely to achieve a kind of approval by the principal ideal. This provides research value which could be effective government for our industry organizations involved in policy process orderly.

本文认为，通过分析行业组织如何利用政策网络关系，表达自身利益诉求，以在公共政策制定中得到体现和满足，以其作为社会行动者的角色、地位、功能在政策过程中得到国家和公民的认可并发挥作用事关如何规范性的发展社会中介组织，而在政策网络中建立行业组织与政府间合作与互动的机制关系，政策制定与执行有可能达到一种社会活动主体认可的理想状态，这为我国行业组织有序参与政策过程，提供了可以达到有效政府过程的研究价值。

But since the consequences of poverty are related to powerlessness,not to the absolute supply of money available to the poor,and since the amount of power purchasable with a given supply of money decreases as a society acquires a large supply of goods and services,the solution of raising the incomes of the poor is likely,unless accompanied by other measures,to be ineffective in a wealthy society.

但是，因为贫穷的结果与没有权势有关，并不是与穷人可用的钱的实际供给有关，因为随着一个社会需要更多的物质、提供更多的服务，用一定的钱购买权势的总就会减少，所以，在一个富裕社会，如果不伴有其他措施，增加穷人收入的解决方法可能不会产生效果。

Compared to the previous software with CSPM-930a STM, the STM images gotten by my software have less drift and are more directly related to their real dimensions and geometry. The UHV-STM has been used to fabricate atomic-scale grooves by extracting the Si atoms from the Si (111)-7×7 surfaces and redeposit them to form ridges at predetermined surface sites.

利用超高真空扫描隧道显微镜，用W针尖对样品Si（111）-7×7表面的原子进行操纵，成功地在样品表面挖出了具有原子级平直边界的沟槽，并首次在样品表面布出了连续的具有一定形状的凸起的线，首次确认在样品表面布出的凸起的线是由Si原子组成的，并首次用场强梯度诱导扩散理论对针尖在样品表面的布线过程和机理进行了解释。

So, it is sufficient to design a linear translation scheme to transform theoretical values linearly with coefficients specified by the application task. In the second case, the performance or application-specific parameters to be controlled are not linearly related to the abstract notion of resource requests, or it may be the case that rather than parameter tuning, reconfiguration options are to be adopted.

这种映射分为两种情况：第一种是线性转换，能够传输相应的性能参数，并与特定的应用任务以线性的关系协同工作：第二种是非线性转换，先在应用程序的性能、相关参数与资源请求的抽象模型之间形成一种非线性关系，再将控制型任务的输出转换成对应的行为。

The sense "to clothe" is related to the notion of putting in order, specifically in regard to clothing. This verb sense then gave rise to the noun sense "personal attire"as well as to the important garment sense, which has made the fortune of many a fashion designer.

着衣"一义与使有序的意思有关，特别是有关衣物时，该动词意义又产生了名词意义"个人服饰，以及使许多服装设计师大发其财的正式礼服的意义。

Some key techniques related to the close and continuous process were investigated by the application of H9N2 avian influenza virus with Vero cells, such as the susceptibility of cell to influenza virus, virus production with cell microcarrier culture method, cell bead-to-bead transfer, virus production through bead-to-bead transfer, cell culture and virus production with serum free medium, metabolism analysis, and repetitiously intermittent bead-to-bead transfer of cell for virus production to simulate the close and continuous process.

通过使用Vero细胞增殖禽流感病毒H9N2，本文针对封闭连续工艺过程的一些关键技术开展研究，包括细胞对流感病毒敏感性分析、细胞微载体培养生产病毒工艺、细胞珠到珠转移、转移后细胞对病毒增殖敏感性验证、细胞无血清培养生产流感病毒、代谢分析、可模拟连续操作的多次间歇式珠到珠转移培养细胞生产流感病毒等方面。

The first step was to investigate the academic background of translators who had published the popular science translations in psychiatry. The second was to discovered translation errors which may contribute to the inconsistent terminology translation, attempting to find the relation between each type of translation error and academic background of translators. The third step was to retranslate the inconsistent terminology related to suicide under the framework integrating the psychiatry expertise and the reader-centered translation theory.

本研究具体进行的程序分三个步骤，第一是了解近年来从事精神医学科普书译著的译者学术背景，第二是归纳精神医学科普书译著各种形式的医学专有名词中出现的翻译失误导致译名不一致的因素及各类译者在翻译时出现的翻译失误类型，第三是以整合精神医学专业知识与以读者为中心的翻译理以求译词易解的汉译名词。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。