查询词典 refraction angle

Hence, based on acoustic potential function and boundary condition on solid interface, we get reflection coefficient and refraction coefficient of longitudinal wave and transverse wave on solid-solid interface, and provide approximate formula of the reflection coefficient and the refraction coefficient about the first critical angle of incidence. We analyze relation between the refraction coefficient and acoustic impedance.

为此，基于固体介质的声势函数和界面的边界条件，推导了固-固界面纵横波的反射系数和透射系数，以及第一临界角入射情况下反射系数和透射系数的近似公式，并且分析了透射系数与声阻抗之间的关系。

For example, all previous theoretical predictions and experimental observations have been questioned by Valanju et,wherein the authors claim that the presence of dispersion prevents power transmitted at RHM-LHM interface from refracting at a negative angle, which means the refraction of group velocity n_g carrying the physics information isall along positive refraction, but "negative refractive material " means only the refraction of phase velocity np is negative.

涉及最多的是负折射现象在物理上的因果率，例如Valanju等人通过一些理论计算认为所谓的"负折射率材料"只是相速的折射率n_p可以是负的，而携带物理信号的群速度的折射率n_g永远是正的，由此引发了许多争议。

According to the principle of seismic refraction method, the formulas o f the depth and the thickness of the high-speed masses of rock are established using seismic refraction wave reversed and unrepressed time-distance curve and seismic refraction wave raypath theory in this paper.

根据浅层折射波方法原理利用浅层折射波相遇时距曲线与折射波射线路径关系建立了求取浅层高速埋伏岩体的埋深及其厚度的计算模式，利用这些公式可以较准确地确定高速埋伏岩体的位置、埋深及其厚度，对工程地质勘察是十分有利的。

A rotor structure for a rotating wing aircraft having substantially rigid rotor head means and rotor blades or wing means arranged in at least one pair, comprising blade angle bearing means (10, 12, 14, 16) for each rotor blade means, tension bar means (6,8) operatively interconnecting the rotor blade means of a pair which blade means are arranged diametrically opposite each other, said tension bar means having a high bending resistance, whereby transmission of bending moments from the rotor blades to the rotor head means is substantially prevented, each of said blade angle bearing means comprising a structure angularly movable in the wing flap direction and in the wing lead-lag direction, at least one of said blade angle bearing means of a pair comprising means permitting an axial motion of the respective tension bar means supported in said blade angle bearing means, and wherein said blade angle bearing means (10, 12, 14, 16) operatively support said tension bar means (6, 8) on said rotor head means (4) for pitch angle rotation of said tension bar means relative to said rotor head means (4), said rotor structure further comprising means (24) securing said rotor blade means (18) to said tension bar means (6, 8) in a manner rigid against rotation of the blade means about the longitudinal blade axis whereby the securing means prevent flapping, drag and lagging movements of the tension bar means, said tension bar means being constructed as torsion bars which are elastic relative to torsion about said longitudinal blade axis.

1转子结构为旋转翼飞机，有大幅刚性转子头部的手段和转子叶片或机翼的手段安排中至少有一对，组成的叶片角度轴承手段（ 10 ， 12 ， 14 ， 16 ）为每个转子叶片的手段，拉杆手段（ 6，8 ）手术互连转子叶片的手段，其中一对刀片的手段都是安排截然相反的对方说，拉杆手段，有一个高弯曲阻力，即传输弯矩从转子叶片向转子头的意思是，大幅防患于未然，每个叶片角度说，轴承的手段组成的一个结构angularly动产在机翼上皮瓣的方向和在机翼导致滞后的方向，至少有一个叶片角度说，轴承是指一对组成的手段，允许轴向的议案，分别紧张酒吧手段，支持在叶片角度说，轴承的手段，其中，叶片角度说，轴承的手段（ 10 ， 12 ， 14 ， 16 ）手术的支持表示拉杆的手段（ 6 ， 8 ）就表示，转子头部的手段（ 4 ）为俯仰角轮换说拉杆手段相对说，转子头部的手段（ 4 ）表示，转子结构进一步组成的手段，（ 24 ）说，确保转子叶片的手段（ 18 ）表示，拉杆手段（ 6 ， 8 ）在一个僵化的方式对旋转的叶片即是说，约纵向叶片轴，即确保手段防止扑，拖曳和落后变动的紧张局势，酒吧的手段，说拉杆手段，正在建造的，作为扭杆这是弹性相对扭转约说，纵向叶片轴。

Butt Weld and docking and corner combinations Weld, in Weld ends located arc plate and extraction plate in igniting board then leads to the welding seam, joint halfway shall weld joints in front of 2.0 mm Department Firing arc, welding pieces after preheating rod will return to weld the origin, pool filled to the required thickness, before forward welding; Welding speed : Isokinetic welding requirements to ensure weld thickness, width uniform, which masks to look for hot metal and slag bath equidistance (2-3 mm)%; Arc welding rod length : different models and determined that the general requirements of arc length is stable, acid electrode generally 3-4 mm, 2-3 mm normally alkaline electrode%; Welding perspective : According to determine the thickness of two pieces of welding, welding angle has two aspects : First, the angle between the direction of the rod and welding of 60-75 ; The second is the angle between two electrodes and welding around, the same thickness as welding, welding and welding pieces incident angle of 45 ; When the thickness ranging from welding, welding electrode and thick and thin pieces of welding electrode side angle greater than the angle between the side pieces; Arc : admission to the end of each weld should be filled crater, in the direction opposite to the direction of the back-arc welding, arc welding unchanged inside pit in 1974, to prevent the crater bite of meat.

对接焊缝及对接和角接组合焊缝，在焊缝两端设引弧板和引出板，必须在引弧板上引出后再焊到焊缝区，中途接头则应在焊缝接头前方15～20㎜处打火引弧，将焊件预热后再将焊条退回到焊缝起始处，把熔池填满到要求的厚度后，方可向前施焊；焊接速度：要求等速焊接，保证焊缝厚度、宽度均匀一致，从面罩内看熔池中铁水与熔渣保持等距离（2～3㎜）为宜；焊接电弧长度：根据焊条型号不同而确定，一般要求电弧长度稳定不变，酸性焊条一般为3～4㎜，碱性焊条一般为2～3㎜为宜；焊接角度：根据两焊件的厚度确定，焊接角度有两个方面，一是焊条与焊接前进方向的夹角为60～75 ；二是焊条与焊接左右夹角有两种情况，当焊件厚度相等时，焊件与焊件夹角为45 ；当焊件厚度不等时，焊条与较厚焊件一侧夹角应大于焊条与薄焊件一侧夹角；收弧：每条焊缝焊到末尾，应将弧坑填满后，往焊接方向相反的方向带弧，使弧坑甩在焊道貌岸然里边，以防弧坑咬肉。

Biomechanics of should joint at the empty out and transition moment: In the instant of leaving of the left foot, the angle between shoulder and hip was 27°, the angle of pull was 150°, the angle of axis between shoulder was -12°; In the instant of touchdown of the right foot, the angle between shoulder and hip was 72°, the angle of pull was 151°, the angle of axis between shoulder was -85°, the speed of left shoulder was 2.43 m/s, the speed of right shoulder was

腾空和过渡阶段肩关节的生物力学指标：左脚离地瞬间肩髋角度为27 ，拉引角度为150 ，肩轴角度为-12 ；右脚着地瞬间肩髋角度为72 ，拉引角度为151 ，肩轴角度为-85 ，左肩速度为2.43m／s、右肩速度为1.37m／s；左脚着地瞬间肩髋角度为58 ，拉引角度为136 ，肩轴角度为19 ，左肩速度为3.49m／s，右肩速度为1.89m／s。

Methods: 48 patients with Angle's Class II,division 2 malocclusion, 60 patients with Angle's Class II,division 1 malocclusion, as well as 15 patients with high-angle and 15 patients with low-angle facial skeletal type in Angle's Class II,division 1 malocclusion were separately compared with 50 patients with Angle's Class I who had normal profile by cephalometrics .

分别选取48例安氏II类2分类错患者、60例安氏II类1分类错患者以及各15例典型安氏II类1分类高低角骨面型患者为研究组，以选取的50例安氏I类正常面型患者为对照组。采用反映面骨关系的一般性测量项目与作者针对唇齿关系设计的测量项目进行比较分析。

The scattering properties of particles with different shape parameters are simulated respectively in the modes of reflection and refraction. Both in the modes of reflection and refraction, the phase difference of non-spherical particle's PDA signal is the unbiased estimate of the corresponding phase difference of ideal spherical particle, and the standard deviation of angle roughness scale on particle surface impacts little on the distribution of phase difference.

本文通过物理光学的方法分析了非理想球形粒子的散射特性，利用物理光学中的稳相点理论，导出了非理想球形粒子散射光的相位表达形式，分析了非理想球形粒子的形状对PDA信号相位及相位差的影响，建立了非理想球形粒子的尺寸分布与PDA信号相位差分布之间的关系。

The negative angle of refraction behavior associated with the negative index of refraction exhibited by DNG metamaterials is demonstrated.

并利用点源模拟出平面双负材料具有突破Rayleigh衍射极限使倏逝波成像的能力即：完美透镜现象。

Refraction regularity of extraordinary ray in uniaxial crystal with arbitrarily oriented optical axis;2. In the case of optical axis of uniaxial crystal being parallel with the incident plane, the angle of refraction of extraordinary ray are calculated by using Fermat's principle.

在单轴晶体的光轴与入射面平行的情形下用费马原理计算非寻常光光线的折射角，然后就怎样定义非寻常光作些讨论，最后在单轴晶体的光轴任意取向的普遍情形下给出计算非寻常光光线折射方向的公式。

Finally it offers the analysis of the fault-tolerance system as well as its test verification.

这样，运行于空间环境中的系统的设计目标就是在保证系统实时性

However, it is still difficult to find out the real reason of the increase of the keratinized gingiva during the orthodontic extrusion whether it is due to the proliferation of the gingival tissue or to its elastic nature, that is because the proliferation of the fibroblasts as well as the connective tissue changes in volume and the intra-fibers spaces were all immeasurable in most of the studies.

然而，仍然难以找到真正的原因增加的角化牙龈在正畸挤压它是否是由于扩散的牙龈组织或其弹性性质，这是因为增殖的成纤维细胞以及作为结缔组织的变化量和内部纤维空格都是不可估量的，大多数的研究。