查询词典 refinement

It is important for the application of formal approach and formal specification in all stages of software development to study and design automatic refinement from Z to high-levellanguage: Insure complete formalization in all stages of software development; Avoid antilogy in refinement due to mistaken operation or computative mistake and insure consistency and integrity of system; Due to avoiding manual operation in refinement process, it is feasible to bulid a compile environment that Z specification automatic refine and form high-level programme, this will accelerate the promotion and application of Z in industry.

Z到高级语言自动求精的研究与设计对于形式化方法及形式规格说明应用于软件开发的各个阶段具有非常重要的意义：确保了从需求分析阶段开始的软件开发周期的完全形式化；避免了人工的误操作或演算错误导致的求精前后不一致，保证了系统的一致性和完整性；由于求精过程避免了手工操作，因而Z规格说明自动精化为程序代码的编译环境可以建立，这将会加速Z规格说明在工业界的推广应用。

If further refinement is to be performed then the aposteriori error estimators are used as a guide as to show the refinement mightbe accomplished most efficiently.

尽管加密的方法几乎总是根据后验误差估计来进行自适应，但对于移动网格方法来说，我们还没有看到使用后验误差估计构造控制函数的文献。

In this thesis, a novel method is proposed to raise the quality of triangular mesh generation. Whereas previous refinement methods mainly focus on inserting a new vertex into the circumcenter of a skinny triangle or tetrahedron, the proposed method is striving to insert a vertex near the geometric center of an effective region.

鉴於前人提出之refinement方法，主要乃以插入形状低劣之三角形外接圆之圆心，以提高网格品质；本文提出一新的思考观点，乃试图插点於其影响区域之中心，以提高其品质。

Meanwhile, the experiments show that the multi-level swarm intelligence refinement algorithm is better than the multi-level tabu search refinement algorithm, especially in view of the probability that the approximate global minimum partition of the coarser graph may be the local minimum partition of the finer graph. Furthermore, the experiments show that the multi-level ant colony optimization refinement algorithm achieves more performance improvement than the multi-level particle swarm optimization refinement algorithm, using the gain of vertex more effectively.

实验数据反映出，针对最小图上的全局最优剖分可能是初始图的局部最优剖分、粗化图上的全局最优剖分可能是细化图的局部最优剖分的情况，基于群智能的多水平迁移优化算法相比基于禁忌搜索的多水平迁移优化算具备更强的逃离局部最优的能力；基于蚁群的多水平迁移优化算法相比基于微粒群的多水平迁移优化算法，对收益值的启发信息更为有效地利用，取得最佳的性能改进。

In general L_p spaces,one can characterize the smoothness of refinement function with Lipschitz space. In particular, one can characterize the smoothness of refinement function in Sobolev spaces.

对于一般的L_p空间，在细分方程收敛的前提下，对细分函数光滑性的刻画用一般的Lipschitz空间即可；特别地，当p=2时，可以在Sobolev空间中去刻画其光滑性。

The mature of pseudo-recalescence is the remelting of dendrites. This leads to apparent refinement of dendrite microstructures. Therefore the experiment support the viewpoint of dendrite remelting for microstructure refinement during supercooling solidification.②Under the condition of supercooling solidification, secondary recalescence cannot show up for single phase solid solution.

伪再辉现象的本质是枝晶熔断所致，由此引起伪再辉试样微观组织被明显细化，从而支持了深过冷凝固过程中组织细化的枝晶熔断说观点；②单相固熔体合金，在深过冷凝固条件下，不可能出现二次再辉。

extended progressive refinement method as a fast algorithm of radiosity minimize the recomputation time after any virtual scene modification.in this paper,the extended progressive refinement method is studied and implemented in the way of opengl.then the data which can prove the efficiency of the algorithm by changing scene reflectivity and scene geometry during experiment is obtained.in this way,the method is proved to be efficient.

摘 要：当虚拟场景发生变化时，扩展的逐步求精算法作为一种快速的辐射度算法，大量减少了重新计算辐射度所花费的时间。对扩展的逐步求精算法进行研究，并利用opengl对算法进行了实现。通过在实验中对虚拟场景的表面反射率和几何属性进行改变，获得了一些证明算法有效性的数据，从而验证了该算法的有效性。

It is possible to produce low-titanium aluminum alloy directly. Three months of periods of industrial test for production low-titanium aluminum alloy was conducted using the 80kA prebake electrolysis cells. The test results showed that the electrolysis cell can work stably, and the effect of TiO2 added into electrolyte on electrolytic process parameters, current efficiency, consumes of materials and energyare trifling. The titanium content in alloys is stable and the absorbility of Ti is high. The microstructure of electrolytic low-titanium aluminum alloy is homogeneous. The grain refinement effect is excellent comparing with that of alloys added titanium by melting Al-Ti master alloys and both alloys have the same grain refinement trend.

在80KA中型预焙电解槽上进行了为期三个月的低钛铝合金的工业试验，结果表明，电解槽工作状态稳定，TiO_2的加入对电解槽的主要工艺参数、电流效率、物料和能源消耗影响不大，合金的钛含量稳定，钛的吸收率高；所生产的电解低钛铝基合金的微观组织均匀，晶粒细化效果好，与熔配加钛的细化规律相同。

TiC has a refinement to both primary and eutectic borides, some of which can act as the substrate for primary boride making refinement, the remainder inserting into the primary boride imped it growing in matrix; TiC inserting into the primary boride impedes the eutectic boride growing on the primary boride and decreases the formation of large block eutectic boride.

TiC对初生硼化物和共晶硼化物均有细化作用：一部分作为初生硼化物异质形核核心使其细化，另一部分在基体中嵌入初生硼化物阻碍其生长；嵌入初生硼化物的TiC改变了共晶硼化物依附初生硼化物的特点，使共晶硼化物分布细小均匀。

Meanwhile, the experiments show that the approximate global minimum partition of the coarsest graph may be the local minimum partition of the finest graph and we need to strengthen the global search ability of refinement algorithm in the refinement phase.

同时实验数据也反映了在最小图上的全局近似最优剖分可能是初始图的局部最优剖分，需要加强多水平优化阶段的迁移优化算法逃离局部最优的能力。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。