查询词典 reducible equation

This study is to give a solution for the estimation of flash point for mixtures, the necessity for classification of flammable liquids. The traditional models for predicting flash point of mixtures usually by the activity coefficient approach. However, the parameters of activity coefficient were regressed from phase equilibrium data in the literatures. If there is no such parameter in literatures for the desired mixture, the model cannot predict the flash point oft hat mixture. Thus, this research aims at the improvement of deficiency of the flash point prediction models in the literatures by useing UNIFAC (Universal Quasi-chemical Functional Group Activity Coefficient) equation, Dortmund-UNIFAC equation and Lyngby-UNIFAC equation. In this study, we were aim at the prediction model for miscible mixtures.From the result, it is suggested to use different type of UNIFAC equation to estimast activivity coefficient in the predition of flash point for different mixture type.

易燃液体分类的主要依据参数为闪火点值，因此本研究目的为解决易燃液体中混合物分类时所面临到的闪火点值缺乏的问题，而在过去文献中所提出的闪火点预测模式会使用到活性系数，但这些模式使用到的活性系数均需要相平衡的数据以回归其所需参数，若所欲估算闪火点的混合溶液文献上未有相关参数，则无法有效利用闪火点预测模式估算其闪火点，因此针对文献中现有闪火点预测模式的缺点，利用描述液体混合物活性系数UNIFAC (Universal Quasi-chemical Functional Group Activity Coefficient)方程式、Dortmund-UNIFAC方程式和 Lyngby-UNIFAC方程式，建立发展一闪火点预测模式，而本研究以互溶溶液为对象。

In this paper, we will investigate the matrix equation in composition over a complete Brouwerian lattice. First, we give an equivalent condition for the solvability of this equation, i.e. theorem 2.2.3 in this paper: The matrix equation in composition over a complete Brouwerian lattice is solvable iff is the minimal solution of this equation.

本文主要探讨完备Brouwer格上的型矩阵方程，首先给出该类矩阵方程可解的一个等价条件，即本文的定理2.2.3：完备Brouwer格上的型矩阵方程可解的充要条件是是它的解，且是最小解。

In the algorithm, the conditional linear state equation is first inserted into the measurement equation, which fuses the linear state process noise and the original measurement noise, whereafter the GHF is used to estimate the nonlinear states. Then the estimated means of the nonlinear states are inserted into the linear state equation and the original measurement equation to estimate the linear states by the KF. Moreover, in order to improve the accuracy of the estimates, the estimated variances of the nonlinear states are fed back to modify the estimations of the linear states using the KF.

算法将模型中的条件线性状态方程代入观测方程，并融合线性状态的过程噪声和观测噪声，由GHF获得非线性状态的估计；再将非线性状态的估计均值代入线性状态方程与观测方程，由KF获得线性状态的估计；获得的非线性状态估计方差还用于修正由KF估计的线性状态，以提高精度。

In the Gaussian sum filter-Kalman filter algorithm, the conditional linear state equation is first inserted into the measurement equation, which fuses the linear State process noise and the original measurement noise. And the GSF is applied to the new measurement and nonlinear state equations to estimate the nonlinear states. Then the estimations of the nonlinear states are inserted into the linear state equation and the original measurement equation to estimate the linear states by the KF.

算法将模型中的条件线性状态方程代入观测方程，并融合线性状态的过程噪声和观测噪声，再与非线性状态方程联立，由高斯和滤波器(Gaussian sum filter， GSF)获得非线性状态的估计；然后将估计值代入线性状态方程与观测方程，由卡尔受滤波器(Kalman Filter， KF)获得线性状态的估计。

The governing equations include the continuity equation, the momentum equation, the energy equation and the humidity conservation equation.

控制方程包括连续方程、动量方程、能量方程和水气守恒方程。

But it is a hard task to solve this equation, one reason is that the TV-norm is nondifferentiable when |▽_u|= 0, so we cant apply a linearizationtechnique such as the Newton method. The other reason is that the Euler-Lagrange equation has a highly nonlinear term. The Newton method for such equation is known to have a very small domain of convergence, and it is very difficult to make sure that the initial value such as the observed image belongs to this domain. So the Newton method is not an ideal method for solving this equation.

但是求解它比较困难，主要是因为TV-范数在|▽u|=0处不可微，不能用诸如牛顿法之类的方法将其线性化；且Euler-Lagrange方程含有一个高度非线性的项，牛顿法只有局部收敛性，对于高度非线性问题它的收敛域很小，因此难以保证所取的初始点在它的收敛域内，故一般不用牛顿法直接求解。

In this article, with pointing out that the result of the current calculation model is deficient in the similarity, it has deduced the numerical regulation of the variation of the elements including q ,γ andτ in the steam-water distribution matrix equation when the terminal temperature difference exits in the heater via the power balance equation, and combining with the power equation and boiler absorbed heat equation, the precise calculation model for the impact of heater terminal temperature difference on heat economy of unit is then derived.

指出现有计算模型结果具有近似性的不足，本文通过加热器能量平衡方程推导出加热器有端差时汽水分布方程中q 、γ和τ元素数值的变化规律，然后结合功率方程和吸热量方程得到加热器端差对机组热经济性影响的精确计算模型。

The relation between difference equation and differential equation is studied by analyzing the mechanism in building grey models, and a "bridge" is set up between difference equation and differential equation by sampling theorem and state transition matrix.

通过对灰色系统模型建模机理进行深入剖析，利用采样定理和状态转移矩阵在差分方程和微分方程之间架起一座桥梁，通过算例仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性。

In the numericalstudy, three-dimensional elastodynamics equations and Morison equation are applied tosimulate the time histories of dynamic response of submarine pipelines suspended over flatbeds sucessfully. The three-dimensional interaction of pipeline and internal flow isnumerically simulated by applying the iterative computation to the fluid-structure interfacesand using the elastodynamic equation and the incompressible fluid N-S equation andcontinuity equation.

在数值研究方面，本文利用三维弹性动力学方程，结合莫里森方程，较好地模拟了规则波浪作用下近壁悬跨弹性海底管线动力响应过程，结合不可压缩流体N-S方程和连续方程，进行管线及其内部流体的三维流固耦合数值计算，基于数值计算结果探讨内流管线系统的动力特性和管内流体特征。

Within this context, four specific areas are addressed:(1) By means of finite integration technique, a new kind of the first order partial difference equation is derived from the original disperse transmission line equation of the uniform waveguide's. As it is the kind of one dimension Dirichlet's boundary problem, it is convenient for us to solve this equation from the leapfrog scheme. Because computation is carried out in one dimension, both high calculation efficiency and precision have been obtained in this method. Meanwhile, this method provide us a different selection to simulate the transient response of waveguide with non-simplical, for examples cylinder and elliptic waveguide, and avoid solving the second order equation, or using finite difference time domain to simulate a three dimension problem, sometimes the latter precision is not satisfied with the need, or low efficiency.

在这一研究内容下，主要研究四个方面的问题：(1)在完成金属波导传输线方程时域形式的基础之上，应用有限积分技术，把波导特征模式的色散传输线方程，化简为一组新的一阶偏微分方程组，该边值问题属一维Dirichlet边值问题，从而便于用蛙跳格式求解，由于是在一维中计算，该方法具有很高计算效率和精度，从而避免了以往为得到金属波导中特征模的时域响应特性，须要求解二阶方程，或用时域有限差分方法求解三维问题的方法，对于后者来说，计算有时是不准确的，或是很耗时的例如计算诸如圆波导、椭圆波导等其它复杂形状的波导。

"Bird Man's Diary, Butting on the Love Island", Changsha, China

2008年"鸟人日记，顶在爱情岛"，中国长沙

As long as they were in the service of a family of wizards, their magic would remain dormant.

只要他们一天为家庭服务，他们的法力就潜藏不动。