查询词典 real error

Firstly, we used the Raman scattering method which can calibrate in real time to measure the O2 (a1 Δ) yield of SOG for the first time in China. The measurement relative error is less than 8%. Based on the data from the experiments, we report the results that the diluent category and ratios influence the O2 (a1 Δ) yield. The relationship of P-τ values and the O2 (a1 Δ) yield of this SOG were given. The effects of distance and bypass of gas transportation on the O2 (a1 Δ) yield are investigated. Secondly, the chlorine utilization was measured by using Raman spectroscopy simultaneously when the O2 (a1 Δ) yield was measured. This method originated with us. The result about the chlorine utilization is coincident with other theoretic and experimental conclusions. The relationship given in this paper between gas stay time in SOG and chlorine utilization offers reference to improve the reaction efficiency and chemical efficiency of COIL. Finally, the partial water vapor pressure at the exit of SOG was measured by absorption spectroscopy. The water vapor fraction and partial pressure have trends changed with the generator total pressure, the diluentratios, and the BHP temperature. These experimental results are very important to improve experimental conditions of SOG, reduce the water vapor fraction, and enhance the output power of COIL.

由侧得的数据得到了加入稀释气体、稀释气体种类以及稀释比例对单重态氧产率的影响，给出了该发生器P一：值与仇产率的关系，还考察了传输距离对仇产率的影响；在国际上首创利用喇曼散射光谱法在侧量产率的同时进行了氯气利用率的检侧，侧试结果与其他理论及实验结果十分相近；给出了气体在发生器中的滞留时间与氯气利用率之间的关系，该结果为提高氧碘化学激光器的反应效率和化学效率提供了参考依据；另外采用了吸收光谱法对发生器出口处的水汽含量进行了测量、得到了水汽分压和百分含量随着发生器压力、稀释气体比例以及BHP温度等的变化情况，该实验结果对于改进发生器工作条件、减少水汽含量、提高氧碘化学激光器的出光功率具有十分重要的指导意义。

Then the informationtheoretic entropy measure and Laplace error rate evaluation functions are applied to the path search in extension matrix, and a heuristic algorithm ECA based on entropy is given The time complexity of ECA is also analyzed Finally, ECA is applied to several real-world domains such as sleep examples and handwritten digit recognition, and the experimental results show that ECA can produce more simple and efficient rules.

针对实际应用领域中的噪音问题，从统计学的角度，对扩张矩阵理论的定义加以扩充，放宽关于规则的概念描述限制：在训练例子集上归纳得到的概念，不一定完全正确分类训练例子集，而是以较大的正确概率分类训练集，并对新的例子有较好的预测能力。

Furthermore, we calculate percent error of the theoretical price of warrants、the simulated price of control variate method with the real price of warrants.

并计算上限型认购权证理论价格、控制变异法所模拟的价格与实际定价的误差。

ABSTRACT Based on a summarization of the prevailing techniques for periodic signal measurements, the error sources in digital analyses and the latest progress in the research on reducing spectra leakage, through deep observation and analysis to some real world process phenomena, a novel concept of period domain analysis for process signals is firstly proposed in this dissertation.

基于对周期信号参量测试的发展、数字化分析的误差来源，以及减小频谱泄漏方面国内外的研究现状和发展方向的综述，通过对现实世界中某些过程信号的。。。

The instrument simultaneously sample for three phase voltage and current. Rotary photoelectric coding switch and LCD are used for human-computer interaction. it makes the interface compact and efficient. Utilizing the function of positive and negative edge trigger of the programmable counter array unit in MPU, signal zero-cross is captured for the phase detected based on double way. The software synchronism sampling method based on real-time parameter self-optimizing minishes period truncation error, and the measurement accuracy is improved. The digitization power measure imports traditional two-unit and three-unit methods and expands application range of the instrument. The capacity is discriminated by soft ware table-look-up on the load loss. The value of a quantity is converted to the value when reference temperature (75 ℃) from test temperature.

该仪器具有以下特点：仪器对三相电压电流同时采样；基于旋转式光电编码器和液晶显示屏的人机交互界面简洁而高效；可编程计数器阵列PCA"捕获"信号的过零点用于双向过零平均鉴相，得到准确的相位差和周期；基于实时参数自寻优的软件同步采样，有效地减小了周期截断误差，提高了测量准确度；数字化功率测量引入了传统的二表法和三表法，扩展了仪器的使用范围；实际容量根据负载损耗用软件查表的方法来判别；测量值已从试验温度折算到了参考温度(75℃)时的值。

A piecewise linearization data fitting method based on least square principle is used to set the relation function between measuring value and real value,which is then applied to calibrate the channel error in a new multi-calibration method,namely,amplitude calibration,phase calibration and amplitude-phase relation calibration method.

分析了电力线路工频参数测量装置中相差测量对阻抗测量精度的影响，在此基础上提出将基于最小二乘原理的分段线性数据拟合方法应用到装置通道的校准中，实现包括通道幅值、相差及幅值-相差关系的多重校准的新方法。

It describes the color characteristic of device accurately through constructing the geometric model and builds gamut mapping model in the section plane of gamut by dissecting. The improvement of image characteristic obtaining at real time satisfies the application and supports the adaptive gamut mapping. The sampling and visualization of sample set in different color space show the optic difference and give the error analysis of the color conversion between them. Based on the study of the color relation among the color spaces, the visualizing color can be created automatically with conversion formulas.

该工具在获取彩色输入／输出设备彩色特性的基础上，通过构建几何模型对设备色域进行了精确描述；利用对色域的剖分操作，构造基于剖面的色域匹配模型；通过改善图象彩色特性获取的实时性，使其能有效获取图象源的特征并满足色彩管理的应用需求，支持了自适应色域匹配；对不同色彩空间样本的采集和对比显示有效体现了色彩的视觉差别，并提供了它们之间转换的误差分析；在探究不同色彩空间的颜色对应关系的基础上，实现了可视化的真彩颜色的自动生成，使可视化颜色更加逼真。

Secondly by using the real parameter complex variable error model and its parameter adjusting algorithms developed in this paper, some new parameter identification methods that can be used in the variant speed driving condition are proposed.

其次，应用本文得到的实参数复变量正实误差模型条件下的参数调整算法，给出了2种新的变速驱动时感应电动机定转子参数的辨识算法，它们可以在交流传动系统的参数自适应设计问题中得到应用。

The measurement system error model analysis is introduced into power system real time network state analysis as an important part for the first time, which can improve on the state estimation quality and provide the capability to monitor the operation of the measurement system; 2. The theory and algorithm of the on-line estimation and update of measurement noise variance based on the relation between the residual variance and noise variance. The statistic properties of the sample variance are discussed and the relation between the estimation precision and sample size under given confidence level is derived; 3. The theory and algorithm of detection and identification of measurement bias are presented, which is based on the relation between residual mean and noise mean. The statistic properties of sample mean are discussed and the relation between estimation precision and sample size is derived; 4. The Givens orthogonal transformation algorithm is selected to be the essential algorithm of state estimation, the fast orthogonal transformation algorithm with damp factor and the algorithm which can handle the zero injection measurements efficiently are presented; 5. The quantity analysis theory of bad data detectivity and identifibility are presented, which describes the relation between the elements in matrix W〓 and bad data amplitude and can provide the theory base for measurement system design and valuation.

一、首次将量测系统误差模型分析做为一个环节引入电力系统实时网络状态分析中，为EMS系统增加了实时监视系统运行、修正量测系统误差模型的新功能，进一步发挥了实时网络状态分析应用软件的潜力；二、首次提出了应用样本方差在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的基本理论，讨论了样本方差的统计性质和概率分布，推导出了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的关系，给出了在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的算法；三、首次提出了应用样本均值在线检测与辨识量测偏差的基本理论，讨论了样本均值的统计性质，推导了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的基本关系，给出了在线检测与辨识量测偏差的算法；四、在状态估计算法设计中，以Givens变换算法做为基本算法，提出了快速正交变换阻尼因子法和可以有效地处理零注入量测的混合法，并对实时应用中的一些问题进行了讨论；五、提出了不良数据可检测性与可辨识性的定量分析理论，揭示了描述量测系统配置、网络结构与参数的残差灵敏度矩阵中的元素与不良数据的幅值在可检测、可辨识能力上的定量关系，为量测系统配置设计与评价提供了理论基础；六、综合国内外最新研究成果，采用自适应自回归预测技术和稀疏矢量技术，构造了较完善的不良数据检测与辨识算法。

In this method, the decision-making variables of GA are the unknown quantities of the non-linear equations, the target function for optimization is the minimum of the root-mean-square error between the computational value on the left and the real value on the right in equations, and the initial value is generated randomly in the feasible fields of the decision-making variables.

该算法以非线性方程组的待求量为决策变量，方程组两端向量的均方差最小值为目标函数，初值在决策变量可行域内随机产生。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了