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The molar extinction coefficient, maximum absorption wavelength, reaction rate constants of trans-cis photochemical isomerization, thermal back-isomerization and photochemical back-isomerization and equilibrium constant of photochemical back-isomerization reaction of a novel photochromic liquid crystalline dendrimer G1 of the first generation containing nitroazophenyl groups on its periphery and small molecular azophenyl moiety M1 in solution were described.

张其震*1，盛昕1，李爱香1，王艳2摘要：研究了树外围含12个硝基偶氮苯基元新型一代碳硅烷光致变色液晶树枝状大分子G1和基元小分子M1在溶液中的最大吸收波长、摩尔消光系数、反-顺光化学异构化反应速率常数、热回复异构化反应速率常数、光化学回复异构化反应平衡常数及速率常数。

The experimental results from cyclic voltammetry and constant-potential electrolysis show that the mechanism of the reaction was two molecules and three steps electrochemical process with eight-electrons transferred: anion radical arose in the first step; two-electrons were transferred in the second step and accompanied with coupling reaction of radicals and protonation and dehydrate, the main product was azoxybenzene; two-electrons were transferred in the third step, and azobenzene was achieved.

研究结果表明，硝基苯在铂电极上的电还原反应为双分子八电子三步骤电化学过程：第一步反应为准可逆单电子转移步骤，产生阴离子自由基；第二步为二电子转移步骤，并伴有随后的双分子不可逆自由基偶合反应和快速质子化及脱水反应，主要产物为氧化偶氮苯；第三步是二电子转移产生偶氮苯的过程。

For the saturated aromatic aldehydes with malononitrile and barbituric acidit, the reaction was found to proceed very efficiently at room temperature giving excellent yields under ultrasonic irradiation, while for α,β-unsaturated aldehydes as well as p-phthalaldehyde with malononitrile and barbituric acid the reaction also proceeded smoothly at room temperature with good yields.

在超声波辐射下，不仅饱和芳香醛与丙二腈、巴比妥酸的一锅反应在室温下能高收率地进行，而对于α，β-不饱和醛以及二元醛与丙二腈、巴比妥酸的一锅反应也能在室温下顺利进行，获得较高的收率。

One of the reaction products in the solid state reaction between silver behenate and phthalic acid — di-silver phthalate (Ag2PA) was prepared by liquid deposition method, and was characterized with elemental analysis, ICP-AES and FT-IR.

采用液相沉淀法合成了山嵛酸银与邻苯二甲酸的固相反应产物邻苯二甲酸二银，并通过元素分析、ICP-AES、FT-IR等方法对其进行了表征分析。

For double jet method, effects of used solvent, shape of stirrer, adding reactant position, reaction temperature, excessive silver ion concentration in reaction solution and adding rate on the nucleus formation, and growth of silver behenate crystal were systematically studied.

本文分别采用单注沉淀法和双注沉淀法制备了山嵛酸银晶体，通过对两种制备方法的对比及优选，最后确定双注沉淀法更适合制备细粒径的山嵛酸银，通过采用SEM、TEM等对山嵛酸银晶体形貌的表征发现，制备山嵛酸银所使用的溶剂、搅拌方式、加料的位置、反应温度、反应初始液中银离子浓度及加料速度等，均对山嵛酸银的晶体成核与生长有一定的影响。

The proper hydrolysis reaction temperature of benzal chloride was 1000C and the initial quality rate of water phase and organic phase was 2∶1,reaction time was 3 hours.

苄叉二氯的水解方法已经有很多报道[1，2]，主要的方法有酸性水解法、碱性水解法、酸碱联合水解法和催化水解法。

The two step reaction activity energies were 28.14 kJ/mol and 58.37 kJ/mol in the temperature range from 95 ℃ to 125 ℃,and the model values and experimental values tally well. The highest mole ratio of benzal chloride and reaction time at different tempe...

根据模型，得到苄叉二氯在反应体系中能达到的最高摩尔组成为0.7和不同温度下的反应时间，为苄叉二氯的生产工艺条件的确定提供了可靠依据。

The hydrolyzation of benzal chloride is the heterogeneous phase gas-liquid-liquid reaction. A new kind of phase transfer catalyst was adapted and the study on the feasibility of hydrolyzation of benzal chloride, reaction technology and kinetics was carried out in order to get rid of heavy metal pollution caused by zinc catalysis.

苄叉二氯的水解是一个非均相气－液－液反应，为避免原有锌盐催化剂可能造成的重金属污染，采用一种新型相转移催化剂，进行了苄叉二氯水解反应可行性、反应工艺及动力学的研究。

The simplified peseudo-first-order kinetic model for hydrolyzation of benzal chloride was proposed according to the character of hydrolyzation reaction and the apparent reaction rate constant and activity energy was obtained. The activity energy is 17.73KJ/mol in the temperature range from 900C to 1100C and the model values and experimental values tally well.

根据水解反应的特点，提出了简化的苄叉二氯水解反应拟一级动力学模型，经参数估计，得出了水解反应的宏观反应速率常数和活化能，在900C～1100C温度范围内，反应活化能为E1＝17.73kJ/mol，模型计算值与实验值吻合较好。

Two kinds of products can be obtained in the addition reaction of benzaldoxime with propinol, in which 3-hydroxymethyl-dihydroisoxazol is the main product when reaction equilibrium is reached.

炔丙醇的两种取向对应着加成反应的两种产物，反应达到平衡后， 3-羟甲基二氢异噁唑为主要产物。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。