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With propanal and malonate as reaction agents and piperidine as the catalyst, Knoevenagel reaction was used in the synthesis of flavor 2-pentenoic acid.

以丙醛和丙二酸为原料，哌啶为催化剂，采用Knoevenagel反应合成了食用香料2-戊烯酸反式构型，产率64.2%，其具有干酪味、淡烤香味。

This study is focusing what the variation of cooling coils pipe pitch and deposit direction, which will affect the temperature distribution of the epitaxy produce zone for rotation dick type of MOCVD system, the cooling coils is at the bottom of the reaction chamber. In other, we also consider what the different if they has exhaust device at reaction chamber too.

本研究主要是对转盘式有机金属化学气相磊晶系统反应腔底部冷却管排之管排间距或摆置方位等之变化，对磊晶工件区之温度分布影响；同时，也对冷却管排底下空间中亦做若有抽气时之温度分布差异分析。

The results of GPC show that there are two different reaction mechanisms,linear condensation and cyclic reaction in the synthesis process,and the molecular weightreaches 1.17×105 and P d is 1.33.The DSC curves show that supercritical carbon dioxide can plasticize PC so that the T g of PC decreased.

凝胶渗透色谱测试表明，合成过程中存在线形缩聚和成环两种不同的反应机理，产物的重均分子量高达117740，分子量分布指数 P d=1.33；差示扫描量热法测试表明，超临界CO2能增塑PC致使其玻璃化转变温度降低。

Several factors affecting the synthesis of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive,including formaldehyde to urea molar ratio,urea adding method,pli value,reaction temperature,reaction time,were discussed and several modifications of urea-formaldehyde resin were also compared.

介绍了脲醛树脂胶粘剂的研究现状与进展方向。探讨了影响脲醛树脂胶粘剂合成的主要因素，包括甲醛-尿素摩尔比、加料方式与顺序、pH值、反应温度和反应时间等，并比较了不同的改性方案。

Then the optimal conditions were decided as follows: the ratio of wall-material to core-material should be 8.0 to 2.0, with ployacrylic sodium as dispersing emulsifier, NH4Cl as acid catalyst, and with the time of pouring catalyst being 2 h, the pH value at end point 2.0, the temperature of condensation reaction under control about 70℃, the reaction time 3 h, the stirring speed 1000 r/min.

研究了壁材与芯材的比例、分散乳化剂、催化剂、反应温度和搅拌速度5因素对微胶囊产品的影响，得出最优化的工艺为：壁材与芯材的比例为m：m=8.0：2.0，以聚丙烯酸钠为分散乳化剂，氯化铵为酸性催化剂，加入速度以2 h加完，终点pH值为2.0，缩聚反应温度控制在70℃左右，反应时间为3 h，搅拌速度为1000 r/min。

The preparation process of self-holing polyimide with organosilicon block includes the following steps: 1 the first reaction of polyacid anhydride in functionality not lower than 2, silicon oil with 2 or more amino or imino groups and polyamine with 2 or more amino groups, and the second reaction with one or several kinds of added isocyanate with 2 or more isocyanate radicals to produce sol of polyamido acid containing organosilicon block; 2 solidifying the sol to obtain solid polyamido acid containing organosilicon block; and 3 imidonating the solid to obtain self-holing polyimide with organosilicon block.

本发明公开了一种有机硅嵌段自发孔聚酰亚胺的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：(1)有机溶剂中具有大于或者等于2的酸酐官能团度的多酸酐与具有大于或者等于2的胺基或亚胺基的硅油以及具有大于或者等于2的胺基的多胺反应，随后添加一种或多种具有含有等于或者大于2个异氰酸酯基的异氰酸酯反应，生成含有机硅嵌段聚酰胺酸的溶胶。(2)溶胶固化制成有机硅嵌段聚酰胺酸固体。(3)固体亚胺化，即得有机硅嵌段自发孔聚酰亚胺。

The method adopts powders (10.0 parts of mass) of crop straws and phenols or polyalcohol compound (10 to 100 parts of mass) which is firstly pre-heated by 10 to 30 minutes under a temperature of 30 to 200 DEG C with the effect of acid catalyst (0.5 to 10 parts of mass) for a reaction of 30 to 240 minutes; after the reaction, the compound is washed, neutralized, filtered and dried to obtain a solid appearing as a color from citron yellow, yellow, bight brown to seal brown; wherein, the solid includes 64.0 to 70,0 percent of fibrin and 4.1 to 7.6 percent of lignin.

秸秆"液化"预处理制备生产燃料乙醇原料的方法，是用农作物秸秆的粉末(10.0质量份)和酚类或多元醇类化合物(10～100质量份)，在酸性催化剂(0.5～10质量份)存在下，在30～200℃温度下预热10～30min后，反应30～240min，反应完毕进行洗涤、中和、过滤和干燥而得呈淡黄色-黄色-浅褐色至深褐色固体，其中，纤维素含量64.0～70.0％，木质素含量4.1～7.6％。

Although the haloform reaction is precedented in the pedago-gical literature (3d), this experiment differs because it is is-covery-oriented and it includes a new reaction for the teaching lab, aromatic chlorination.

尽管在专业文献上氯仿反应多有报导（3d），这个实验更重视实际发现，并为教学实验介绍了一种新的芳香氯代反应。

As an ideal prime immunization vaccine,the DNA vaccine has the advantages of high purity,continuous expression of antigens with low dose, repeatable immunization and inducement of memory CTL with high titer.Similarly, recombinant virus can not only highly express the target antigen,simulate the inducement process of virus infection on body immunity,and induce various cytokines,but also be beneficial to the interaction of high-affinity antibodies with T cell receptors,and the generation of Th1 reaction and CTL reaction.

DNA疫苗抗原纯度高，持续表达低剂量的抗原，可多次重复免疫以及诱导高效价记忆性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞反应，是理想的用于初次免疫的疫苗；重组病毒能高效表达目的抗原，模拟病毒感染诱导机体免疫的天然过程，能诱发多种细胞因子，而且有利于高亲和性抗体和T细胞受体的选择，可以有效地产生Th1型和CTL反应。

The effects of reaction time,reaction temperature,content of hydroxyl propyl acrylateand n -propanol on the hydrophilicity of the films were discussed respectively.

讨论了反应时间、反应温度、丙烯酸羟丙酯用量和正丙醇用量与薄膜亲水性的关系。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。