查询词典 reaction rate

It is believed that the answer could be found out through estimating the natural rate of unemployment. Seeing that the researches into the reasons of Taiwan's natural rate of unemployment and into the correlation of this natural rate and monetary policy are extremely rare, at the time when real unemployment rate climbs significantly, it would be valuable to re-estimate Taiwan's natural rate of unemployment and explore the potential factors.

上述问题，可透过自然失业率之估计加以探讨，且由於探讨台湾自然失业率变动之背后原因及其与货币政策间关联性之研究相对付之阙如，值此实际失业率攀升之际，吾人认为对台湾自然失业率之重新估计与深入探讨自然失业率变动之影响因素均具价值。

The method to configure RED parameters based on network properties is also presented. Simulations show that the modified Random Early Detection algorithm really performs better than the original Random Early Detection algorithm and can work for a much wider range of traffic. Finally, whether the assured service mechanisms i. e. an edge router tags every arriving packet of a TCP flow based service profile and core router drops packets differently at congestion using active queue management scheme is possible to provide a throughput consistent with target rate, is investigated under different network scenarios. Different factors including target rate tagged algorithm, RIO algorithm and TCP congestion control mechanism how to affect the throughput of an assured service TCP flow are examined. Based on a fluid model. we then derive a model of an assured service TCP flow, which is the function of round trip delay, packet loss rate and token bucket parameters. Based on this model, we observe that in some cases it is possible to regulate the token bucket parameters to gain a consistent throughput with the target rate, while in other cases there exist ranges of values of the achieved rate for which the token parameters have no influence. With the latter, some modified TCP congestion control mechanisms to assure TCP throughput are proposed.

最后，在区别服务网络结构内，研究了当前提出的一种边缘路由器根据服务合同标记、分类数据包，结合内部路由器采用主动队列缓冲管理机制区别处理数据包的确信服务机制是否可在不同网络情况下使TCP连接获得同目标速率相一致的、公平的吞吐量问题；指出影响TCP连接获得同目标速率相一致吞吐量的主要因素是目标速率大小、标记算法参数和TCP连接的拥塞控制算法；对此，基于流模型假设，首次推导出一个以端到端时延、数据包丢失率、漏桶参数为变量的确信服务TCP连接吞吐量模型；利用这个模型进行分析，得到主要结论是在一些情况下可通过设置合适的漏桶参数得到同目标速率更一致的吞吐量，而在另一些网络情况下不管如何设置漏桶参数都不能使TCP连接获得同目标速率一致的吞叶量；对于后一些情况，还初步讨论了改进TCP拥塞控制算法来改善TCP连接性能的方法。

4The obtained solid alkali catalyst was applied to biodiesel preparation with colza oil and used oil as materials respectively and the technics was optimized by sigle-factor and orthogoral experiments with esterification rate as the index. The optimal technique conditions using colza oil were: the amount of solid catalyst 12%, the mol ratio of methanol to oil 9:1, reaction temperature 65℃, reaction time 3h, under which the esterification rate reached to 94.48%.

4以菜籽油和煎炸废油为原料，利用固体碱催化剂催化制备生物柴油，以转化率为考察指标，采用单因素和正交试验对工艺进行优化，得到以菜籽油为原料时制备的最佳工艺参数为固体催化剂投入量2.5％，醇油摩尔比9∶1，反应温度65℃，反应时间3h，转化率达到93.9％；以煎炸废油为原料时最佳工艺参数为反应温度65℃，反应时间3h，固体催化剂投入量4％，醇油摩尔比6∶1，转化率达到91.2％。

The effect of the addition of the crystal seed in the jarosite preciptation was investigated and the results showed that the crystal seed would accelerate the crystallizing rate of jarosite formation, which convert the reaction mechanism from the crystallization kinetic rate control into the chemical reaction kinetic control.

阐述了晶种加入对沉矾影响的过程机理，认为晶种的加入加快了沉矾反应的结晶速度，使反应由结晶的动力学控制过渡到化学反应动力学控制，足量晶种加入情形下沉矾过程的活化能为94.66KJ／mol，表明了氯化物体系铁矾沉淀较硫酸盐体系中更易进行。

For intramolecular electron transfer reactions in solution,the fluctuations of the intramolecular vibrational modes are much faster than that of solvent mode.Thus,the reaction-diffusion equation is commonly used to describe the motion of solvent,with a sink function to treat the vibrational high-frequency mode.Based on this theory-so -called the Sumi-Marcus theory,we proposed an imaginary-time split operator approach to solve the reaction-diffusion equation.The approach is applied to evaluate the intermolecular ET rate between oxazine 1 and N,N-dimethlaniline.By measuring the two average survival times of the donor state probability and the rate constant in long time limit,the full kinetics of the ET is revealed with a variety of sink functions.

对于扩散控制的溶液中的电子转移反应，分子内振动模的运动比溶剂运动快很多，Sumi-Marcus理论提出用反应扩散方程(reaction-diffusion equation)处理溶剂的扩散运动，而分子内的振动用sink函数来表示，我们基于此理论发展了用虚时间分裂算符的方法(imaginary-time Split operator approach)解反应扩散方程，并将其应用于嗪1(oxazine 1，OX1)和N，N-二甲基苯胺分子之间的电子转移反应，Sink函数采用几种不同的微扰表达式，通过计算得到给体几率衰减的两种平均速率和长时间极限下的速率常数，揭示了该体系电子转移过程中的一些动力学性质。

We report here creativity using compound solvent as solvent is the unique of the new technology on the basic of perpendicularity experiments and with the actual situation of our country, the effect of reaction temperature, reaction time, rate of material were optimized. Rate of yield can reach beyond 98% and this technology has successfully applied in practical production with the output of 300t per year.

解决以上两个问题是改进得克隆生产工艺的关键，本文针对上述问题，并且结合我国实际情况，在正交试验的基础上创造性的选择了复合溶剂，改进了得克隆的生产工艺，确定了最佳的投料比、反应温度、反应时间等反应条件，溶剂可以循环利用，并且得到了98％以上的高产率。

The optimum hydrolytic conditions of razor clam for neutral protease were : enzyme concentration 2.4%, hydrolysis temperature 50癈, substrate concentration 1:3, pH 7 and reaction time 6 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rate of total nitrogen 42.46% and 83.04% respectively; and foracid protease they were: en/yme concentration 6.0%, hydrolysis temperature 50癈, substrate concentration 1:4, pH3.5 and reaction time 5 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rate of total nitrogen 46.37% and 87.94% respectively, the hydrolysate being clear light yellow. For the combination of two kinds of proteases they were: first hydrolyzing with 2.6% f 1 avouryme for 3 hrs, then hydrolyzing with 2.4% neutral protease for 3 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rtiie of total nitrogen 4-1.57% and 86.95% respectively.

最后综合考虑了水解率、总氮回收率和水解液的色泽、澄清度等指标，得出了较适宜的酶种为单酶以枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶和酸性蛋白酶效果较好，双酶以风味蛋白酶与枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶双酶组合水解效果较好，其适宜的水解工艺条件分别为：枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶加酶量为2.4%，水解温度50℃，料水比1：3，pH值中性条件下水解6h，绕蛙蛋白质的水解率和总氮回收率分别为42.46%和83.04%；酸性蛋白酶水解编蛙肉的适宜的工艺条件为加酶量6.0%、水解温度50℃，料水比l：4，pH值3.5条件下水解sh，水解率为46.37%，总氮回收率为87.94%，水解液呈较清澈的淡黄色；双酶采用先用2.6%风味酶水解3h后，再加入2.4%中性蛋白酶水解3h，水解率达44.57%，总氮回收率为86.95%。

When AlCA reacts with HPAM, the lower the pH value of AlCA, the faster the rate of gelling reaction. At a certain pH value, the smaller the ratio of /, the slower the rate of the gelling reaction.

结果表明，柠檬酸铝在碱性条件下的稳定性、热稳定性及室温下的放置稳定性均随／的减小而提高，pH值过高或过低的柠檬酸铝均不能长期稳定存在。

The two rate equations fitted the experimental data well,as was confirmed by the reaction of bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phenyl phosphine oxide with ethylene glycol under constant reaction temperatures of 180197℃ and at different ratios of diol to diacid,whose rate constant and activation energy were calculated.

将这两个速率方程应用于双苯基氧化膦与乙二醇的恒温自催化聚酯化反应，计算值与实验数据相一致，并计算得到了该反应的速率常数和活化能。

Considering the effect of m any factors when the reaction reaches balance, and in order to increase t he rate of the product, the rate of the changing of sulfate dimthyle, we det ermined the best condition at last. The temperature is between 80 ℃ and 90 ℃. The for mula of the materials is 3∶1～4∶1.The time of reaction is between 4 and 5 hour s.

考虑反应达平衡时诸多因素的影响以及有利于提高产品的产率、硫酸二甲酯的转化率等问题，最后确定了最佳条件：反应温度为80～90 ℃之间，原料配比为3∶1～4∶1，反应时间为4～5 h。

You can do some assertiveness training.

你可以进行一些自信训练。

We were well on the path to making a rear-wheel-drive global platform," says Mays."

我们正致力于建立一个后轮驱动的平台，"Mays这样说道。"