查询词典 reaction

The four reaction channels including hydroxyl-type benzaldoxime are endothermic reaction, thermodynamically non-spontaneous process, but the other four reaction channels including ion-type benzaldoxime participation are exothermic reaction and thermodynamically spontaneous process. The latter four reaction channels, which have lower reaction barriers, faster reaction velocities and bigger equilibrium constants than those of the former fours, are the chief reaction channels.

苯甲醛肟以羟基型参与反应的4个反应通道均为吸热反应和热力学非自发过程，它们均具有较高的反应势垒、较慢的反应速率和较小的平衡常数；而以离子型参与反应的四个反应通道均为放热反应和热力学自发过程，它们的反应势垒较低，反应速度较快，平衡常数也较大，故苯甲醛肟应主要以离子型参与反应。

The optimum reaction conditions are obtained by orthogonal exptl. design; ring-opening reaction:n:n = 1:1.3, Hexamethylenetetramine catalyst 0.7%,reaction temp. is 80℃, reaction time is 7 h, and concentration of inhibitor is 0.3%. ring-closing reaction : n:n=1:0.9, reaction temp. is 40℃, reaction time is 5 h.

通过正交设计确定了最佳工艺条件为：开环反应：六次甲基四胺用量0.7%(占反应物总量的质量百分比)，阻聚剂用量0.3%(占反应物总量的质量百分比)，ECH：MAA的摩尔比为1.3：1，温度80℃，反应时间7h ；闭环反应：氯醇酯： NaOH的摩尔比为1：0.9，反应温度40℃，反应时间5h。

The results demonstrated that the fractional conversion and reaction rate were rapidly increased in the initial curing reaction. The higher the curing temperature, the higher the fractional conversion and reaction rate was. With increasing of the curing temperature and time, the fractional conversion and reaction rate decreased and became constantly. The initial curing reaction was a first order reaction. The apparent activation energy and frequency factor of curing reaction used G- capryl ester was bigger than that of used G-oligomer.

结果表明：固化体系在研究的固化温度下，转化率和反应速率在固化反应初期增加快速，温度越高增加越快，随着固化时间的延长，这种变化逐渐变慢，并最终趋于恒定；初期固化反应为一级反应，反应初期的表观活化能和指前因子大小顺序为G-预聚体＞G-辛酯。

The paper reviews the progress of ionic liquids as microwave medium or catalyst in the fields of organic synthesis, mainly including cyclization reation, nucleophilic subsitution reaction, metathesis reaction, acylation reation, rearragement reaction, polymerization reaction, coupling reaction, oxidation and reduction reaction as well as selective debromination reaction etc.

本文综述了以离子液体为反应介质或催化剂的微波辅助技术在多种类型有机反应中的研究成果，主要包括了环合反应、亲核取代反应、金属复分解反应、酰化反应、重排反应、聚合反应、偶联反应、氧化还原反应和选择性脱溴反应等。

The reaction mechanism between nickel ion and butynediols in the electroless plating process was analyzed. The results show that the change of BOZ concentration is a quasi first-order reaction, the change of the nickel ion concentration is related to the BOZ density, and this change belongs to a higher order reaction. The reaction rate equation was determined as dC/dt=-8.585×10^(-4)+1.188×10^(-4)t-4.64×10^(-6)t^2+5.8×10^(-8)t^3-2.3×10^(-11)t^4. The activation energy of this process decreases as temperature increases, and it decreases with the BOZ concentration as 64-423 mg/L, it increases with the BOZ concentration as 123~240 mg/L. The S value is positively correlated to temperature, when the temperature is 80℃, the reaction rate and S value are the largest; while when the temperature is above 80℃ and BOZ concentration is over 160 mg/L, S value and the reaction rate decrease gradually.

结果表明，镀液中BOZ浓度的变化是准一级反应，镍离子的浓度变化与BOZ的浓度有关，属多级反应，其反应速率方程为dC/dt=-8.585×10^(-4)+1.188×10^(-4)t-4.64×10^(-6)t^2+5.8×10^(-8)t^3-2.3×10^(-11)t^4，反应体系的活化能E随温度的升高而减少，随BOZ浓度的变化而变化：当BOZ浓度在64~123mg/L时，E线性减少；在123~240mg/L时E线性增加。S随温度的升高而增加，当温度达到80℃时S值最大，反应速度最大；当温度超过80℃，BOZ浓度大于160mg/L时，蝎的值逐渐减少，反应速度降低。

The whole sintering process of SHS converter fettling materials can be divided into three steps. The first step is the decomposition reaction of carbonates and sodium nitrate, which is an endothermic reaction. The second step is the SHS reaction, i. e. thermite reaction, the metal of Al reacts with CO〓, O〓, NO〓, Fe〓O〓 to form Al〓O〓. The speed of thermite reaction is very quick, and accompanied with large amount of heat emission and temperature rise. The third step is the reaction of spinels formation. The Al〓O〓 produced by SHS reacts with MgO to form spinels.

整个SHS补炉料的烧结过程分三步进行：第一步为碳酸盐、硝酸钠的分解反应，属于吸热反应；第二步为SHS反应即铝热反应，金属铝粉与CO〓、O〓、NO〓、Fe〓O〓等反应生成Al〓O〓，反应速度很快，并伴随有巨大的放热和温度升高；第三步为合成尖晶石的反应，SHS反应产物Al〓O〓与MgO反应生成尖晶石。

The main content of this paper as follows: The acidic strength, reaction temperature, reaction time of Chlorine-aluminate Ionic Liquids with different structure of cation on the activity of transalkylation of MN with TeMB and the selectivity of 2,6-DMN were studied. The optimum reaction condition was obtained: the molar fraction of AlCl_3 is 0.71, molar ratio of 2-MN and TeMB is 1, the amount of ionic liquid is 32wt%, reaction temperature is 20℃and reaction time is 8h using X-xAlCl_3 and X-xAlCl_3 as catalysts; the optimum reaction time is shortened 6h using Et_3NHCl-xAlCl_3 as catalyst.

本文主要研究了以下内容：分别考察了不同阳离子结构的氯铝酸盐类离子液体的酸强度、反应温度、反应时间等因素对MN和TeMB转移烷基化的催化反应活性和2，6-DMN选择性的影响，优化得到适宜的反应条件为：以X-xAlCl_3和X-xAlCl_3为催化剂时，AlCl_3的摩尔分数x=0.71，2-MN和TeMB摩尔比为1∶1，离子液体用量为32wt％，反应温度为20℃，反应时间为8h；以Et_3NHCl-xAlCl_3为催化剂时，反应时间缩短到6h。

The optimum reaction conditions were found finally. The results showed that the suitable conditions are under methanol solvent reaction temperature 40℃,the concentration of catalyzer TS-1 0.6%.,reaction time 60 minutes,propylene pressure 0.4Mpa under methanol solvent.Under Supercritical fluid system,the reaction temperature was 33.7℃(supercritical and near critical temperature),the reaction pressure was 7.58Mpa(near critical pressure and critical pressure range. propylene ), propylene pressure 0.65Mpa, reaction time 45min, cosolvent molality 4%.

而超临界体系下反(来源：4e56ABC论文网www.abclunwen.com)应温度适宜在近超临界和临界温度(33.7℃)以上，反应压力也是接近临界压力或者处于临界压力范围(7.58Mpa)，丙烯压力是0.65Mpa，反应时间45min，共溶剂甲醇摩尔浓度4%，在此反应条件下，反应的转化率98%，选择性96%，收率94%，与传统条件相比较，收率提高了20%左右。

The paper reviews the advanced progress in the application of ionic liquids as reaction medium as well as catalysts to organic synthesis, mainly including coupling reaction, Michael addition, Baylis-Hillman reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, Aldol reaction, Knoevenagel condensation, cyclorization reaction, alkylation and acylation, oxidation and reduction etc.

综述了离子液体作为反应介质或催化剂在有机合成传统反应类型中的最新研究成果，主要包括：偶联反应、Michael加成、Baylis-Hillman反应、Diels-Alder反应、Aldol缩合、Knoevenagel缩合、环化反应、烷基化及酰基化反应和氧化还原反应。

DSC thermo-analysis showed that both of epoxy resins and blended resins had an exothermic peak during the period of thermal-scanning due to the curing reaction. Comparison between different kinds of liquefied wood, blending resins that using the liquefied Japanese cedar of LW-C as the raw material would undergo more degree of cross-linking reaction. They released more reaction heat, and formed a more complete cross-linking structure. However, heat treatment could promote an advanced cross-linking reaction of room temperature cured resins. DSC isothermosetting analyses showed that the curing reaction of both epoxy resins and blended resins conformed to Arrhenius kinetic model. The time needed to achieve 95% of curing reaction was shorter for blending resin than that of epoxy resin.

由DSC热分析显示环氧树脂与掺合树脂在热扫描过程中均出现硬化反应放热峰，其中以液化柳杉LW-C为原料之掺合树脂在硬化过程可进行较多之架桥反应，其反应放热量较大，硬化树脂之架桥结构较完整，而加热可促进常温硬化树脂进一步之架桥反应；由DSC等温硬化性分析显示环氧树脂与掺合树脂之硬化反应均符合Arrhenius动力学模式，添加液化柳杉之掺合树脂达95%硬化率所需时间较环氧树脂短。

Putt your way through 36 fun-filled holes of minigolf on 3D designed courses with elevated greens, bunkers, bridges and water hazards, among other crazy obstacles.

您的推杆方式，通过36个有趣的填孔迷你的三维设计的课程，以提升绿党，掩体，桥梁和水的危害，除其他疯狂的障碍。

Some participles can be used either as attributes or as predicatives.

有些分词既可当定语用，也可当表语用。