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The mechanism of carbon-nitrogen coupling reaction of 2-Iodo-selenophene with benzamide catalyzed by CuI has been investigated with density functional theory at GGA/PW91/DND level. The geometric configurations of reactants, intermediates, transition states, and products were optimized and verified by means of vibration frequency calculations.

采用密度泛函理论方法，在GGA/PW91/DND基组与水平上研究了2-碘代硒苯与苯甲酰胺在CuI催化下的微观反应机理，优化了反应过程中的反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物。

It is also confirmed that the reaction of producing pyrrole by reaction of furan with ammonia belongs to bimolecular reaction in which the reactants were competitively absorbed on the surface of catalyst prior to the reaction.

研究还表明，氨和呋喃催化脱水合成吡咯的反应，属于吸附在催化剂表面上的双分子反应，二者在催化剂表面呈竞争吸附，因此两反应物之间应有一个最佳摩尔比。

The oxidation of solid biurea with chlorine in aqueous solution to produce azodicarbonamide was experimentally studied in a 1 L agitated glass vessel with a four-blade paddle stirrer. Based on the film theory, a model is first developed for this system by taking the gas-liquid and solid-liquid mass transfer, solid dissolution, and instantaneous reaction between the dissolved reactants into consideration.

在玻璃搅拌反应器中进行了固体联二脲与氯气液相氧化反应生成发泡剂 ADC过程的传质与动力学实验，提出了基于双膜理论的数学模型，以描述这一反应系统所涉及的气液和固液传质、固体溶解以及溶解物在液相中发生瞬间反应，特别是随反应进行固体反应物粒径变小导致固液传质速率减小的复杂过程。

In this paper isopropyl -γ- chlorobutyrate was prepared from γ- butyrolactone by one - step. The effects of molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature, reaction time on the yield of product were discussed, the optimum reaction condition was obtained.

一氯代丁酸异雨酯是合成新型拟除虫菊酯中间体环丙烷较酸及高效抗菌新药丙氟见酸和环丙氟院酸中间体环丙胺的重要原料［''］。

The synthesis of butyl acetate with acetic acid and butanol as reactants and ammonium ceric sulfate as catalyst was studied.

研究了以硫酸铈铵为催化剂，乙酸和正丁醇为原料合成乙酸正丁酯，通过试验确定了最佳合成条件，结果表明，在适宜条件下其酯化率可达 93.4 %。

The synthetic process of dialkyl phosphate by reaction of long -chain alcohol with phosphorus oxychloride was studied. The influence of molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature, reaction time on process of esterification and hydrolysis was investigated too.

研究了以三氯氧磷与正构偶数高碳醇为原料合成磷酸二长直链烷基酯(C10～16-DAP)的工艺条件，考察了物料配比、反应温度和反应时间等因素对酯化反应与水解反应进程的影响，通过正交实验方法，确定了优化的合成工艺条件。

When equimolecular ratio of the reactants was used, the addition products were 1-phenyl-2-phenylthiopropene-1and 1-phenyl-2-phenylthiobutene-1, respectively.

这加成反应是按自由基机理进行，苯硫基联结在与烷基相邻的碳原子表明中间生成的自由基之稳定性是加成方向的决定因素，因为苯基的共轭效应比烷基为强。

The results show that, by the way of optimizing preparation condition, the spherical zirconia powders with suitable particle size distribution are prepared using chemical precipitation method. Using heterogeneous chemical precipitation coating technique, the sph, erical nickel coated zirconia powders are prepared and the heterogeneous nucleation can be done on the surface of spherical zirconia powders. The thickness of coated layer, homogeneous degree and crack of surface can be controlled by the way of controlling powder concentration, adding rate of reactants feeding and adding surface active agent.

研究表明，采用化学沉淀法，通过优化制备工艺条件，可以制备粒径分布较均匀的球形氧化锆粉体；利用非均相化学沉淀包裹技术制备的金属镍包裹氧化锆微球粉体，球形氧化锆颗粒表面作为异相成核的场所，通过控制颗粒浓度、加料速度以及添加表面活性剂等工艺条件，可以调控包裹层厚度、表面均匀度以及表面裂纹等。

Acetophenone cylic ethylic ketal was synthesized by using acetophenon e and glycol as reactants,and rare-earth solid superacid SO 2- 4-La 3 +/TiO 2 as c atalyst.Factors affecting the product yield were investigated.

以稀土固体超强酸SO2 -4-La3 +/TiO2 为催化剂，苯乙酮和乙二醇为原料催化合成苯乙酮环乙二缩酮，并考察了影响反应的因素。

Moreover, its application as microwaveabsorber was primarily studied which lays a solid foundation for further investigations.The content, results and originalities of this research are as follows:1.3D self-assembled flowerlike hierarchical spheres of MnO_2 andγ-MnOOH nanobelts were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method, using KMnO_4 and H_2O as reactants, without any templates and surfactants.

本论文以倡导绿色环保为时代背景、以纳米科技的飞速发展为科学背景、以锰氧化物在二次电池和微波吸收领域的应用为着眼点，着重研究了各种不同形貌锰氧化物低维纳米材料的制备、生长机制及形貌控制，并初步研究了锰氧化物纳米材料的微波吸收特性，为进一步深入研究奠定基础。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。