查询词典 range from to

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Apomixis,wide compatibility,allopolyploidization were used to select allopolyploid rice and enlarge its range of inheritance and variation,and increase its output,quality and resistance to disease and pest by a big margin.

通过无融合生殖、广亲和、异源多倍体化的利用，选育异源多倍体水稻，增加它的遗传变异范围，大幅度提高水稻的产量、质量和抗性。3。

The optimization of processing conditions should be done to obtain accurate dimensions of molded parts within an allowable error range.

处理条件的优化应该完成获得准确维度被铸造的部份在一个允许的错误范围之内。

Maximum allowable overprinter error detection range is 18 mm.

最大不准的套印不差错检测边界是18毫米。

The result shows that the repeatability of the method is within the range of the allowable repeatability error.

利用ANTEK7000化学发光分析仪，采用直接进样的方式测定原油、常压渣油和减压渣油中的氮含量。

The result shows that the repeatability of the method is within the range of the allowable repeatability error. The yield of recovery of standard sample is 95%~105%, and the consistency of results is better and the different of two results is less titan 84 in comparison with ASTM D 5762-95 dilution method.

阐述方法原理，考察方法的重复性在允许重复性误差范围内；标准样品的回收率在95%~105%；与ASTM D 5762-95的稀释法比较，结果一致性较好，两种结果的差值小于84个单位。

All kinds of the detected and analyzed has proved that the analyzer has high accuracy with the error within the allowable range compared with the result of chemical analysis method , what's more, it is so quick that it only takes just 15 min.

多种检测试验及实际分析应用证明，其检测准确度高，与化学分析法测试结果的误差值均在化学法的允许差之内；且检测速度快，从样品处理到检测结果仅需15min。

The system breakdown voltage measurement and signal output two most voltage measurement part in the main circuit simulation, tie amplifier module, A / D conversion module, module; Sunplus microprocessor through data processing, in the range of allowable error voltage measurements show, and broadcast voice.

本系统分电压测量和信号产生输出两大部分，电压测量部分以模拟电路为主，配合放大模块、A/D转化模块、显示模块；通过凌阳单片机进行数据处理，在误差允许范围内显示测量电压值，并播报语音。

The test results of 20 blood samples detected on different hematological analyzers were analyzed by a q test which indicated that there were no statistical differences between blocks（P＞0.05）. The correlative coefficient was over 0.97 and the relative deviation was within the range of allowable error.

白细胞分类中，中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞在各比对仪器之间以及仪器与手工分类之间的相关性较好，而嗜酸粒细胞、嗜碱粒细胞和单核细胞，不论在各仪器还是仪器与手工分类之间，都存在较大的试验误差（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）。

This thesis proposes to use optimal method to search for the interpolation that matches with the allowable maximum range of chord error to build a curve of near field photolithographic fabrication.

同时本文提出最佳化搜寻合乎允许最大弦误差范围内之插值点方法，以建立近场光学微影加工之曲线。

Metrorrhagia is also gynaecological problems of common diseases.

崩漏是妇科常见病也是疑难症。

WordFTP gives you the convenience and timesaving you need.

wordftp让您的方便和省时您所需要的。