查询词典 radon

Environment radon is mainly from rock and soil in geological environment, but the research is not connected with geological environment now. On the basis of physical field, the theoretical distribution model of radon in soil and exchange model of earth—air are set up by using Fick diffusion law and Dacy law, and then the research of environment radon is linked with geological environment. This paper described how the evry parameter of the theoretical model influence the radon concentration in air. The results of research indicat that molecule diffusion of radon is different from it's eddy form. Under the condition of surface radon source, the model experiment is used to study the transportation and distribution of radon in medium. The data of experiment show the relationship between radon and depth can be described by exponent. If the radioelement is well—distributtion, the concentration of radon in different depth or in different point at the same depth change with time, but the accumulated exhalation amount of radon at different point on the surface of model are close in relative long time. The author studied the exchange of radon between mediums and verified the theoretical models too.

环境氡主要来自岩石、土壤，而目前环境氡研究中与地质环境结合很少，为此作者以物理场为基础，运用气体运移的费克扩散定律和达西定律，建立起壤中氡浓度分布与大地—大气间氡交换理论模型，首次在理论上将环境氡与地质环境结合起来；论文中从理论上讨论了模型中各参数对空气中氡浓度的影响，发现空气中氡运移的分子扩散方式和湍流扩散方式存在明显差异；通过面状氡源条件下的氡运移模型实验，研究了介质中氡的运移与分布，实验数据表明氡浓度随深度的变化规律可用指数函数描述，在放射性元素分布均匀的条件下，介质中不同深度和同一深度不同点的氡浓度随时间而变，但介质表面不同点在较长时间内向空气中累计释放的氡的量是相近的；同时研究了不同介质间氡的交换，并验证了所建立的理论模型；运用理论模型预测青岛市城区壤中氡浓度、江西临川一住宅区空气中氡浓度及江西二个测区的区域空气中氡浓度分布，取得了较好的效果。

In the ***, all types and fundamental principles of Radon transform are summarized systematacially. This *** starts from the general linear Radon transform, and then researches how to use the damped least square method to find the solution of the forward transform. However, the least squares smoothing effect will lead to a certain degree of trails in the data of Radon domain, which led to the application\'s limitations. After that the implementation in Radon domain and relative merits of linear Radon transform, parabolic Radon transform and polynomial Radon transform which have time invariance are introduced, the conjugate gradient method that can solve numerical solution is also given. And then the high resolution Randon transform is discussed, it introduces the regularization theory and Bayes principle into inversion, which successfully remove the negative affect caused by discrete Radon transform. Finally, we introduce the optimal weighting similar coefficient Radon transform, which adapt to the time variant quality of hyperbolic Radon transform.

本文系统总结了Radon变换的各种类型及其基本原理，从τ- p变换(即一般线性Radon变换)出发，研究利用阻尼最小二乘平方法求解其正变换，但是最小平方法的平滑作用会导致Radon域数据存在一定程度的拖尾效应，给这种方法的应用带来了很大的局限性；然后先容了具有时不变性的线性、抛物和多项式Radon变换在频率域的实现及其优缺点，给出了求解其数值解的共轭梯度算法；接着讨论了高分辨率Radon变换，它把正则化思想和贝叶斯原理引进到了反演中，很好的克服了离散Radon变换产生的截断效应对结果的不利影响；最后先容了适应双曲Radon变换时变性质的高分辨率最优相似系数加权Radon变换。

In view of crosswell and 3D VSP layout, we use high resolution Radon transform based on Cauchy distribution to perform Radon transform for hole data. In this process, we study discrete dip overlay operator, improve damping factor that affects Radon energy convergence in order to let Radon energy converge, 6 resolve leggy in Radon data, and decouple smoothing effect among each energy group, we use Cauchy distribution to regularize data, let energy focus on one point, and improve Radon resolution. All these work well in wavefield separation. Finally, by inversion results and model trial, we verify the feasibility and stability of this method.

在Radon变换原理分析基础上，采用基于柯西分布的高分辨率线性Radon变换对井孔数据进行Radon变换，其间通过对离散倾角叠加算子求取的研究，及对影响Radon能量收敛的重要参数阻尼因子算法的改进，使数据在Radon域以能量团的形式呈现，得到很好的收敛效果，基本解决了Radon域数据的一定程度的拖尾现象，消除了各能量团之间的平滑效应，采用柯西分布来规则化数据，提高了Radon域的分辨率，Radon域能量也收敛到一个点上，有利于上下行波或纵横波波场分离。

In view of crosswell and 3D VSP layout, we use high resolution Radon transform based on Cauchy distribution to perform Radon transform for hole data. In this process, we study discrete dip overlay operator, improve damping factor that affects Radon energy convergence in order to let Radon energy converge, 6 resolve leggy in Radon data, and decouple smoothing effect among each energy group, we use Cauchy distribution to regularize data, let energy focus on one point, and improve Radon resolution. All these work well in wavefield separation.

在Radon变换原理分析基础上，采用基于柯西分布的高分辨率线性Radon变换对井孔数据进行Radon变换，其间通过对离散倾角叠加算子求取的研究，及对影响Radon能量收敛的重要参数阻尼因子算法的改进，使数据在Radon域以能量团的形式呈现，得到很好的收敛效果，基本解决了Radon域数据的一定程度的拖尾现象，消除了各能量团之间的平滑效应，采用柯西分布来规则化数据，提高了Radon域的分辨率，Radon域能量也收敛到一个点上，有利于上下行波或纵横波波场分离。

We establish the relation of inversion formulas among generalized Radon transform with known weight functions, the exponential Radon transform and classical Radon transform, furthermore obtain approximate inversion formula of the exponential Radon transform, the idea of approach above is applied to contour reconstruction and is generalized to n-dimentional euclidean space case. We discuss the support theorem, range condition of the exponential Radon transform.

本文建立了带权广义Radon变换、指数型Radon变换与古典Radon变换反演公式的关系，从而得到指数型Radon变换的近似反演公式，并且应用这种思想方法于轮廓重构，并将这一结果推广到任意维欧氏空间的情形；讨论了指数型Radon变换的支集定理及值域条件。

Based on soil radon gas survey in Quanzhou City and Jinjiang City, the authors conducted an investigation of the soil radon gas environment in an area of some 465 km2. The results indicate that radon gas concentrations in soils of Quanzhou and Jinjiang urban areas are at a lower level, whereas those in soils of Quanzhou and Jinjiang suburbs are at a fairly high level. It seems that the radon gas concentration is mainly related to geological background: radon gas concentrations in soils derived from weathering of adamellite, moyite, and biotite schist are higher than those in soils derived from weathering of other rock types.

通过泉州市、晋江市土壤中氡气测量，取得约465 km2土壤氡气环境调查成果，从结果来看，泉州市区和晋江市区土壤中氡气浓度普遍较低；市郊主要为山地，土壤中氡气浓度普遍较高；从土壤中氡气浓度水平的分布来看，土壤中氡气浓度水平主要与地质背景有关，二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩、钾长浅粒岩及黑云片岩风化土壤中氡气浓度明显高于其他地质背景来源土壤。

The volume of radon chamber is 4 m3, the range of radon concentration is 370~20 000 Bq/m3, and the relative expanded uncertainty of measurement results is no more than 5.8%. The whole testing system can verify/calibrate the radon monitor and study on the radioactive aerosol of radon decay product.

装置氡室体积为4 m3，氡浓度测量范围为370~20 000 Bq/m3，氡浓度值测量结果的相对扩展不确定度不超过5.8%，可用于测氡仪器的检定校准和氡子体放射性气溶胶的实验研究。

It is suggested by our test work on radon mapping of geology that there is a good coincidence between the data got from gamma-ray spectrometer and radon monitor and the U、Th、Ra、K data got from indoor gamma-ray spectrometer and radiochemistry method; the data of gamma-ray spectrometer and radon monitor are also comparative to the 1∶20 ten thousand geochemistry data of U、Th、 Ra (calculated by the equilibrium coefficient between U and Ra) and radon concentrations measured by solid state nuclear track detector .

在国内首次利用地质勘探费用进行氡地质填图方法试验，该试验方法结果表明，利用国产的现场能谱仪、测氡仪获得的数据与室内能谱仪、化学法测得的铀、钍、镭、钾结果一致；与已有的1∶20万区域地球化学数据铀、钍、镭（由铀、镭平衡系数计算得出）、钾和固体核径迹累积法测氡数据具有很好的可比性。

Radon and thoron calibration factors are 1.78 and7.63 respectively , the relative error of radon concentration ERS-2 measured is 3.0%compared to the standard radon concentration and thoron is 3.2%. We deduced theequations which can eliminate the mutual interference between radon and thoronmeasurement .

通过 ERS—2 氡析出率仪器的研究，对 ERS—2 测量析出率中道址的选择以及扣除氡钍干扰问题进行了讨论，氡道道址设置为 60—115，钍道道址设置为 119—128，氡钍的刻度系数分别选为 1.78 和 7.63，测得的氡浓度与标准氡浓度的相对误差为 3.0%，测得的钍射气浓度与标准钍射气浓度的相对误差为 3.2%。

Intelligent nuclear instrument has been a dominant developing direction of radioactivity measurement instrument. The instrument for radon measurement of air pulse ionization chamber, based on the theory that alpha rays decayed by radon and its progeny can ionize the air molecules, can measure the radon concentration accurately.

智能核仪器已成为放射性测量仪器发展的一个主导方向，利用氡及其子体衰变放出α射线能使空气分子电离的理论设计的空气脉冲电离室α测氡仪可以准确地测量空气中的氡浓度。

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