查询词典 radius angle

This problem is also important and valuable in Nonlinear Optics. It will be very helpful to understand how the aberrations affect the course of three- wave mixing, such as the change of conversion efficiency, the distribution of intensity and phase.Small signal solution of aberrated second harmonic generation is deduced from three-dimension three wave coupling functions. The numerical work gives out lot of results of different aberrations. The effects of the fundamental waves aberrations, which will change the conversion efficiency, distribution of intensity and phase in the frequency conversion, is analyzed. It shows that when walk-off and diffraction effects could be ignored approximately estimation of the phase distribution of second-harmonic wave could be done. The far field divergent angle and second moment radius of harmonic wave will vary with the aberration of fundamental wave, but the far field divergent angle will be obviously smaller than that of fundamental wave. The phase distribution of both fundamental and harmonic wave is measured using Hartmann-Shack wave front sensor in the experiment with 1064nm and 790nm lasers, respectively. Results are given.

首次从三维三波相互作用方程组推导得到了位相畸变光束倍频的小信号解；通过建立国防科学技术人学研究生院学位论文三维数值模型，编写相应仿真程序，首次得到了位相畸变光束倍频过程的大量计算结果，深入细致地研究了位相畸变光束经非线性光学频率变换后谐波的转换效率、光强分布、位相分布以及影响它们的各种因素；得出谐波的远场发散角和光斑二阶矩的变化规律会因为基波像差的不同而不同，但谐波的远场发散角明显地比相应基波的小的结论；得到了在走离效应和衍射效应等影响许多因素可以忽略的情况下，位相畸变传递到二次谐波的估算式；举例分析了KDP三倍频方案中，基波位相畸变对二次谐波和三次谐波的影响；实验工作中，用哈特曼一夏克传感器分别对IO64nm倍频过程和790飞秒超短脉冲倍频过程中的基波和谐波的位相分布进行了测量，给出了相应结果。

Small signal solution of aberrated second harmonic generation is deduced from three-dimension three wave coupling functions. The numerical work gives out lot of results of different aberrations. The effects of the fundamental wave's aberrations, which will change the conversion efficiency, distribution of intensity and phase in the frequency conversion, is analyzed. It shows that when walk-off and diffraction effects could be ignored approximately estimation of the phase distribution of second-harmonic wave could be done. The far field divergent angle and second moment radius of harmonic wave will vary with the aberration of fundamental wave, but the far field divergent angle will be obviously smaller than that of fundamental wave. The phase distribution of both fundamental and harmonic wave is measured using Hartmann-Shack wave front sensor in the experiment with 1064nm and 790nm lasers, respectively. Results are given.

首次从三维三波相互作用方程组推导得到了位相畸变光束倍频的小信号解；通过建立三维数值模型，编写相应仿真程序，首次得到了位相畸变光束倍频过程的大量计算结果，深入细致地研究了位相畸变光束经非线性光学频率变换后谐波的转换效率、光强分布、位相分布以及影响它们的各种因素；得出谐波的远场发散角和光斑二阶矩的变化规律会因为基波像差的不同而不同，但谐波的远场发散角明显地比相应基波的小的结论；得到了在走离效应和衍射效应等影响许多因素可以忽略的情况下，位相畸变传递到二次谐波的估算式；举例分析了KDP三倍频方案中，基波位相畸变对二次谐波和三次谐波的影响；实验工作中，用哈特曼-夏克传感器分别对1064nm倍频过程和790飞秒超短脉冲倍频过程中的基波和谐波的位相分布进行了测量，给出了相应结果。

Nanjing Green State machine factory Decanter centrifuge design engineer Yan Chun Min, qualitative analysis of the sediment conditions Decanter centrifuge drum cone angle with a knife, screw conveyor blade angle B, blade pitch, liquid pool radius and the difference between speed An elaborated to improve the conditions of slag lose Decanters design ideas.

南京绿州机器厂卧螺离心机设计所高级工程师颜春敏，定性地分析了卧螺离心机的沉渣条件与其转鼓的锥角刀、螺旋输送器叶片的倾角B、叶片的螺距、液池半径及差转速An之间的关系，阐述了改善卧螺离心机输渣条件的设计思想。

052 Describes and claims a body of polycrystalline dielectric ceramic material having a lead zirconate--lead titanate--lead stannate composition falling within the area A B C E F of the triaxial diagram 1d of the drawings accompanying this specification and containing at least one substitutional additive ingredient selected from the group consisting of elements having respective ionic radii sufficiently close to the ionic radius of one of the elements lead, tin, titanium, zirconium and oxygen to permit of substitution, and a valence state differing from that of said one element by less than three units, the aggregate quantity of additive ingredient amounting to from 0.1 to 5 percent of the replaced ion on an atom basis, each additive ingredient present in said material being in ionic form and substituting for a finite percentage of the ions of a particular one of the elements lead, tin, titanium, zirconium and oxygen with respect to which it conforms with regard to ionic radius and valence state, said additive ingredient replacing a quantity of said elements having in the aggregate an equal number of valence units.

参考译文：第 1012052 号专利说明书介绍一种含有锆酸铅，钛酸铅，锡酸铅的多晶陶瓷介质材料，其组成在说明书附图 ld 三元相图中处于 A B C E F 区域内，该组成至少还含有一种置换添加物，这种添加物从一组离子半径分别接近于铅，锡，钛，锆，氧的元素中选出，以利于互相置换，而与上述一种元素化合价之差应小于三价。该添加物的总量为被置换离子的 0.1%~5%克原子。上述材料中的每种添加物是以离子形式存在的，它以一定的百分数置换铅，锡，钛，锆，氧中的某一元素的离子。添加物在离子半径和价数上必须类似于上述任一元素，并且置换添加物的量与被置换的元素在总体上具有相等的化合价数。本句由两个简单句构成，一个主句，另一个是定语从句。

This article makes a detailed analysis of the definition of atomic radius and ionic radius, so that the two terms can be well understood and used in the course of teaching.

本文对原子半径和离子半径的概念进行了较为详细的讨论，以便在教学过程中更好的理解、使用原子半径和离子半径。

The results show: the strongest bond is the Al-Al bond in the segregated cell without containing vacancy, where the Al atomic covalence radius is greater than that of Li atom in the cell; while the strongest bond is the Al-Li bond in the segregated cell containing vacancy, and the Al atomic covalence radius in the cell is less than that of Li atom. Since the difference of electronagativity between the Al and Li atoms is obvious, it is inclined to formed the Al-Li segregated cell of short range order structure in the condition of vacancy present. The short range order structure containing vacancy is probably the embryo or precursor structure of the metastable phase δ′(Al3Li). Because the strongest covalent bond in the Al-Li-vacancy segregated cell in alloy formed in quenching is the main strength reason for supersaturated solid solution of alloy. The bond net of succeeding precipitation of δ′(Al3Li) has the picture of anisotropic Al-Al bonding and the bond intensity enhanced. Since the δ′(Al3Li) is coherence with matrix, the bond net strength is enhanced by the precipitation of δ′(Al3Li) and so strengthen the alloy.

计算结果表明：不包含空位的偏聚晶胞的键络最强键为Al—Al键，其中Al原子的共价半径较Li原子的共价半径要大；而含空位的偏聚晶胞的最强键为Al—Li键， Al原子的共价半径要比Li原子的共价半径要小；在空位存在的情况下，由于Al原子与Li原子的电负性相差明显，促使Al和Li原子结合，倾向形成Al-Li短程序结构偏聚区，这种含空位的短程序结构很可能就是δ′(Al3Li)亚稳相的前兆结构和生长胚胎；由于Al-Li-空位有序偏聚晶胞的Al—Li键络比基体键络要强许多，因此，淬火过程中合金生成的Al-Li-空位偏聚晶胞对合金过饱和固溶体起主要强化作用；后续析出的δ′(Al3Li)亚稳相键络各项异性显著，键络强度明显提高；由于Al3Li与基体共格，其大量均匀弥散析出起到提升基体整体键络强度，同样对合金产生强化作用。

The results show: the strongest bond is the Al-Al bond in the segregated cell without containing vacancy, where the Al atomic covalence radius is greater than that of Li atom in the cell; while the strongest bond is the Al-Li bond in the segregated cell containing vacancy, and the Al atomic covalence radius in the cell is less than that of Li atom. Since the difference of electronagativity between the Al and Li atoms is obvious, it is inclined to formed the Al-Li segregated cell of short range order structure in the condition of vacancy present. The short range order structure containing vacancy is probably the embryo or precursor structure of the metastable phase δ'(Al3Li). Because the strongest covalent bond in the Al-Li-vacancy segregated cell in alloy formed in quenching is the main strength reason for supersaturated solid solution of alloy. The bond net of succeeding precipitation of δ'(Al3Li) has the picture of anisotropic Al-Al bonding and the bond intensity enhanced. Since the δ'(Al3Li) is coherence with matrix, the bond net strength is enhanced by the precipitation of δ'(Al3Li) and so strengthen the alloy.

计算结果表明：不包含空位的偏聚晶胞的键络最强键为Al-Al键，其中Al原子的共价半径较Li原子的共价半径要大；而含空位的偏聚晶胞的最强键为Al-Li键，Al原子的共价半径要比Li原子的共价半径要小；在空位存在的情况下，由於Al原子与Li原子的电负性相差明显，促使Al和Li原子结合，倾向形成Al-Li短程序结构偏聚区，这种含空位的短程序结构很可能就是δ'(Al3Li)亚稳相的前兆结构和生长胚胎；由於Al-Li-空位有序偏聚晶胞的Al-Li键络比基体键络要强许多，因此，淬火过程中合金生成的Al-Li-空位偏聚晶胞对合金过饱和固溶体起主要强化作用；后续析出的δ'(Al3Li)亚稳相键络各项异性显著，键络强度明显提高；由於Al3Li与基体共格，其大量均匀弥散析出起到提升基体整体键络强度，同样对合金产生强化作用。

According to Biot-Savart law, the magnetic induction at the diameter position of the spin axis is calculated. Furthermore, using the internal and external radius of the Earth's outer core as well as the radius of the Earth and the magnetic induction at the Earth's magnetic pole, the volume charge density and surface charge density of the Earth's outer core have been obtained.

先根据毕奥-萨伐尔定律计算球形模型绕自转轴旋转时在自转轴直径上产生的磁感应强度；再利用已知的地球外核的内外半径及地球半径和磁极处的磁感应强度值，计算出地球外核的电荷体密度及面密度。

Bohr radius was the radius of the circle in which the electron moved in the ground state of the hydrogen atom, according to the Bohr theory.

根据玻尔理论，玻尔半径是在基态氢原子中电子运动的圆周半径。

Quantum dots are a kind of semiconductor nanopaticles with the radius equal to or less than the exciton Bohr radius. They have tremendous potential in the field of biology and medicine because of their unique and tunable optical properties (broad excitation spectrum, narrow emission spectrum, precise tunability of their emission peak and negligible bleaching, etc) as new fluoresent probes.

量子点是半径小于或接近于激子玻尔半径的一类半导体纳米晶，作为一种新型的荧光标记物，其独特和可调谐的光学特性（宽的激发光谱、窄的发射光谱、可精确调谐的发射波长以及可忽略的光漂白等）使其在生物和医学方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。

Finally it offers the analysis of the fault-tolerance system as well as its test verification.

这样，运行于空间环境中的系统的设计目标就是在保证系统实时性

However, it is still difficult to find out the real reason of the increase of the keratinized gingiva during the orthodontic extrusion whether it is due to the proliferation of the gingival tissue or to its elastic nature, that is because the proliferation of the fibroblasts as well as the connective tissue changes in volume and the intra-fibers spaces were all immeasurable in most of the studies.

然而，仍然难以找到真正的原因增加的角化牙龈在正畸挤压它是否是由于扩散的牙龈组织或其弹性性质，这是因为增殖的成纤维细胞以及作为结缔组织的变化量和内部纤维空格都是不可估量的，大多数的研究。