查询词典 radiation-therapy

Radiation detectors that use the scintillators are also described, as are related methods for detecting high-energy radiation.

为了进一步改进这些卤化物闪烁体的阻止本领和闪烁效率，公开了向其中添加铋。本发明还描述了利用该闪烁体的辐射探测器，以及探测高能辐射的相关方法。

Scintillators are materials which can be used to detect highly ionizing radiation, because they efficiently convert the energy of this radiation into light.

闪烁晶体因能够有效地把辐射能转换为光能而被用作探测高强度电离辐射的材料。

A unit of radiation exposure ; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit

射线强度单位；在立方厘米干燥空气中产生静电单位的电流的致电离辐射量。

A unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air.

射线强度单位；在立方厘米干燥空气中产生静电单位的电流的致电离辐射量。

The following main results are obtained: The TiO_2 photocatalyst with small crystallite size, high surface area, narrow and uniform pore size distribution, and microporous frameworks could be prepared out by applying MW radiation in the preparation process. The microwave-induced fluorescence technique verified for the first time that microwave enhanced the formation rate of hydroxyl radical, leading to the increase in the photocatalytic efficiency. Compared with the conventional catalyst, TiO_2 prepared by MW dielectric heating owns a higher UV absorption ability, and its optical absorption edge and photovoltaic response are shifted toward the short wavelength region, resulting in increase of photooxidation efficiency. The photocatalytic conversion and the mineralization ratio of acetaldehyde are increased respectively by 30% and 40% over the TiO2 prepared by MW radiation when compared to the TiO2 prepared by the conventional heating. For the MW-assisted photocatalytic reaction over the MW-prepared TiO2, production of hydroxyl radicals is enhanced by 22.5%, and the photocatalytic conversion is accordingly increased by 20%. Similarlly, applying MW also increased the photocatalytic conversion and the mineralization ratio of acetaldehyde over TiO2/Al2O3 sample.

论文得到如下主要结果和结论：(1)微波介电加热TiO_2 溶胶可得到晶粒度小、光催化活性高、比表面积大和孔径分布窄而均一，且微孔发达的TiO_2光催化剂；在溶胶干燥处理过程中微波可使催化剂表面缺陷增加，进而导致光催化反应过程有更多的活性羟基自由基产生；(2)微波制备能显著增强TiO_2 样品的紫外光吸收率，并使其光吸收和光伏响应阈值发生蓝移，从而提高TiO_2的氧化还原能力；(3)与常规加热法所制TiO_2比较，微波法制备的TiO_2对乙醛的光催化降解转化率提高30%，CO_2生成率提高40%以上；(4)与未加微波辐射时相比，发现在光催化反应过程中施加微波，TiO_2 的羟基自由基生成速率提高了22.5%，相应CH_3CHO 光催化降解转化率提高了20%；对Al_2O_3/TiO_2催化剂，CH_3CHO 光催化降解转化率甚至提高了33%，同时CO_2 的生成率也都大幅度提高；(5)微波辐射可改变光催化降解乙醛的产物分布，推断施加微波时乙醛光催化降解按照羟基自由基引发的链式反应机理进行，微波&非热效应&起主要作用。

A flame temperature can be determined from an analysis of the radiation spectrum emitted by a gas burning flame in conjunction with the use of an optimized alg o rithm. This approach simplifies the calibration of the absolute radiation intens ity of a flame as demanded by the conventional two color method.

通过对优化算法的尝试利用从气体燃烧火焰发出的辐射光谱拟合分析出火焰燃烧温度的方法，简化了传统测温用双色法所要求的火焰绝对辐射强度的标定，同时有助于了解火焰辐射黑度随波长的变化规律。

His other contributions include relativistic cosmology, capillary action, critical opalescence, classical problems of statistical mechanics and their application to quantum theory, an explanation of the Brownian movement of molecules, atomic transition probabilities, the quantum theory of a monatomic gas, thermal properties of light with low radiation density (which laid the foundation for the photon theory), a theory of radiation including stimulated emission, the conception of a unified field theory, and the geometrization of physics.

的经典问题和它们的量子理论的应用，解释了布朗分子运动，原子跃进概率，单原子气体的量子论，地辐射密度的光的热性质，包括受激发射的放射理论，统一场论的概念和物力几何化。爱因斯坦写了多于50篇的科学著作，也包括非科学的书。1999年爱因斯坦被时代杂志封为&世纪人物&，一份有卓越成就的物理学家的民意测验封他为无论何时都是最伟大的物理学家。现代文化认为&爱因斯坦&和天才是同一个意思。

Hot layer to determine the vertical distribution of temperature, one must also consider airglow radiation energy losses and hot layer at the bottom of the atmosphere oxygen atoms infrared radiation cooling effect.

确定热层内温度垂直分布时，还必须考虑气辉的能量辐射损失和热层底部大气中氧原子的红外辐射的冷却作用。

Airglow and aurora are important optical phenomena. Their radiation, especially ultraviolet radiation contains fundamental chemical and physical information about upper atmosphere and ionosphere.

气辉和极光是高层大气中的重要发光现象，其辐射特性、特别是紫外波段的辐射特性，是高层大气和电离层物理化学过程信息的重要来源。

Based on the Maxwell equations,the basis principles of Cerenkov Radiation are reviewed, the angle-distributionformulas of Cerenkov Radiation are derived, the experiment principle and layout areintroduced.

文中从麦克斯韦方程组出发，推导了切伦科夫辐射的分布公式，总结了切伦科夫辐射的特征，介绍了切伦科夫辐射进行束流测量的原理与实验布置。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。