查询词典 quaternary salt

In this paper, through a series of experiments, two series of quaternary-ammounium Gemini surfactants were synthesized, namely the pair alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant m-s-m·2Br and the pair the alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant -s-·2Br. We has carried on the attribute with the infrared spectrum to its structure, and to affected the factor which the synthesis pair the alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant responded to carry on the discussion. We has discovered the synthesis pair the ethylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant m-2-m·2Br optimum condition: The bromo alkane and a tetramethyl ethylene diamine mole of ratio is 3.0: 1.0, makes the solvent by the ethyl alcohol, 80℃ under responds for 48 hours in the backflow temperature; Synthesis pair alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant 12-S-12 ·2Br optimum condition: 12 tertiary amine and 1, 3- propylene dibromide (1, 4- two bromines butane) a mole of ratio is 2.2: 1.0, makes the solvent by the ethyl alcohol, responds for 48 hours in the constant temperature 80 ℃ under backflow.

本文通过一系列的实验，合成了两个系列的Gemini型表面活性剂，即双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂m-s-m·2Br和双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂-s-·2Br，用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征，并且对影响合成双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂反应的因素进行了讨论，找出了合成双乙撑双季铵盐表面活性剂m-2-m·2Br的最佳条件：溴代烷与四甲基乙二胺的摩尔比为3.0：1.0，以乙醇作溶剂，在回流温度80℃下反应48小时；合成双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂12-s-12·2Br的最佳条件：十二叔胺与1，3-二溴丙烷(1，4-二溴丁烷)摩尔比为2.2：1.0，以乙醇作溶剂，在恒温80℃下回流反应48小时。

On the basis of analyzing data about stearic acid triethanolamine ester quaternary's preparation process and methods of analysis and identification, this article summarized synthetic conditions for this quaternary ammonium salt, this synthetic condition composed by synthesis of esters and quaternary ammoniation.

在对有关硬脂酸三乙醇胺酯季铵盐的制备工艺、分析鉴定方法的资料分析的基础上，综述了由硬脂酸制备该季铵盐的工艺条件，该工艺条件由酯胺的合成和季铵化2步构成。

In this paper, a quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan was synthesized and the factors affect on the solubility or degree of substitution of product, such as the concentration of alkali, the time of basification, the content of water in system, the time of dispersing and the method of adding epoxyproryltrimethylammonium chloride, were discussed in detail. The product was characterized by IR, DSC, TG and X-RAY diffraction. The effects of time, humidity and temperature on the gases permeability of the quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan film were researched.

本论文研究了壳聚糖季铵盐的合成反应，对碱化浓度、碱化时间、水的含量、分散时间和醚化剂的加入方式等因素对制备反应的影响进行了考察；应用红外光谱、DSC、TG以及X-射线衍射对产物进行了表征；探讨了时间、湿度和温度对壳聚糖季铵盐膜透气性的影响。

A new chiral quaternary ammonium salt 1a was synthesized by the reaction of cinchonine and(2,4,6-)trimethyl benzyl chloride.Etherification between 1a and benzyl bromide,allyl chloride,or methyl give corresponding etherified quaternary ammonium salts 1b,1c,and 1d.

由辛可宁和2，4，6-三甲基苄氯，合成了一种新的手性季铵盐(1a)，并进一步用苄基溴、碘甲烷和烯丙基氯对分子中的羟基进行醚化，得到相转移催化剂1b、1c和1d。

Based on these, we will measure isotopic composition of boron in biological fossils, such as shell, foraminifer et al. producing from Ynaghu Village, Yanqing Basin, Beijing at early Quaternary and from the sediment of salt lake in Tibetan at Quaternary, and then offer a reliable boron isotopic evidence for determining their source and survival surroundings.

在此基础上对北京延庆杨户庄第四纪早期地层和青藏高原第四纪盐湖沉积产出的有孔虫、贝壳类等生物化石的硼同位素组成进行测定，为确定它们的海陆相来源及其生存环境提供硼同位素证据。

One route was that the amino-groups on the silica gel were transformed to tertiary amines by Eschweiler-clarke reaction that amine-groups react with formaldehyde and methanoic acid to prepare tertiary amines; the silica gel intermediates with tertiary amine groups reacted with chorohydrocarbons to prepare insoluble silica gel quaternary ammonium salt bactericides. Another route was that the amino-groups on the silica gel reacted with excessive chlorohexadecane; the preparing intermediates were quaternized with iodomethane to obtain insoluble silica gel quaternary ammonium salt bactericides.

一条路线是根据埃施韦勒-克拉克(Eschweiler-clarke)胺甲基化反应，进行胺基叔胺化反应，制成带有叔胺官能团的硅胶中间体，此中间体上的叔胺与卤代烷反应生成杀菌活性官能团季铵盐，制成硅胶类水不溶性季铵盐杀菌剂；另一条路线是带有胺反应活性中心的硅胶与过量正氯代十六烷反应，得到的中间体再用碘甲烷季铵化，得到最终产品——水不溶性季铵盐杀菌剂。

To explore new synthetic methods, we set out a careful investigation of the reaction of benzimidazolium salt with many nucleophilic agents, including the active aromatic compounds and heteratom nucleophilic agents, and found that the quaternary C=N is not so active; when benzimidazolium salt is reacted with big nitrogen nucleophilic agent? phthalimide, it does not give the expected addition product, instead, produces N-alkyl phthalimide through alkyl-transfermation from benzimidazolium salt to phthalimide.

为了开发新的合成方法，研究了苯并咪唑盐与各种亲核试剂（活泼芳环与杂原子亲核试剂）的反应，发现苯并咪唑盐不与活泼芳环及杂原子亲核试剂发生2位加成反应；在与体积较大的位阻型N亲核试剂邻苯二甲酚亚胺反应时，未得到亲核试剂与极化的C＝N的加成产物，而是得到N烷基化的邻苯二甲酰亚胺，进一步研究表明，苯并咪唑盐将1（3）位N上的烷基转移给了邻苯二甲酰亚胺，并讨论了其反应机理和取代基，溶剂效应。

The related feature of tribromide quaternary ammonium salt as selective bromide reagent was investigated by the reaction of acetophanone, propanone, phenol with self-made benzyl triethyl tribromide quaternary ammonium salt.

首次通过自制的苄基三乙基三溴季铵盐与苯乙酮、丙酮、苯酚等的反应，研究了三溴季铵盐作为选择性溴化剂的相关性能。

The bioassay results showed that the quaternary ammonium salt had a good intihtion against typical microorganisms such as heterotrophic bacteria,ammonifying bacteria,denitrifying bacteria and nitrosation bacteria with its inhibition rate was above 90%. Inhibition of the quaternary ammonium salt to fungi and sulfate reducting bacteria was above 85% after 30 min. Inhibition of the quaternary ammonium salt to black mold was about 84% after 30 min,and the to algae was totally inhibited after 24 h.

高分子抗菌杀生剂的抗菌灭藻性能的检测结果表明，作用30 min对贵阳市雅河水中的异养菌、氨化细菌、反硝化细菌、亚硝化细菌的杀菌率在90%以上，真菌、硫酸盐还原菌的杀菌率在85%以上；对黑曲霉的杀菌率在84%，其作用24 h可将小球藻基本杀灭。

A new polyelectrolyte complex was synthesized from quaternary salt of poly(N,N-dimethyamino ethyl methacrylate) and metanil yellow in water.

运用聚甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯的季胺盐在水溶液中与酸性金黄进行了组装，并制得相应的组装产物。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。