查询词典 quasi-judicial

The influences of the shock thickness and Alfven waves on the particle acceleration by diffusive shock waves are numerically studied through solving one-dimensional diffusive equation including the second-order Fermi effect. It is shown that the spectral index of the energetic particles strongly depends on the shock thickness. For example, the spectral index increases from 2.1 to 3.7 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 2.5 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV as the thickness increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.3 to 3.1 as the particle injection energy increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.0 to 1.8 at the quasi-steady stage with the enhancement of the compression ratio from 2 to 4. The results indicate that under the influence of Alfven waves, the energetic particle spectrum at lower energy becomes flat and the spectral index decreases from 2.5 to 0.6 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 11.6 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV. At the same time, the rollover energy reaches 19.6 MeV. The spectral index decreases from 5.8 to 2.9 as the energy density of Alfven waves increase. All these results are basically consistent with the theoretical models, as well as the observations of typical energetic particle events.

通过数值求解包含二阶费米加速的一维扩散方程，探讨在准平行激波条件下激波厚度和级联阿尔芬波对粒子加速的影响，研究粒子分布函数的演化与激波厚度和阿尔芬波强度的内禀关系，计算结果表明：(1)考虑激波厚度时，谱指数明显依赖于激波厚度，随着厚度从0.32增大到2.56，低能端(3-10MeV)谱指数逐渐从2.1增加到3.7，高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从2.4增大到5.0，能谱逐渐变软；当初始注入粒子动量增大1.3倍，质子能谱指数从4.3减小到3.1，且与零厚度激波加速的谱指数差值缩小；厚度不变时，随着压缩比从2增加到4，准稳态分布时低能端(3-10MeV)粒子能谱指数逐渐从4.0减小到1.8谱变硬；(2)在级联阿尔芬波的影响下，随着时间的增大，粒子在低能处(3-10MeV)的谱指数从2.5减小到0.6高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从11.6减小到5.0，能谱变硬，拐点能量值从7.5MeV增大到为19.6MeV；随着波的能量密度增大，谱指数从5.8减小到2.9，这表明阿尔芬波强度越大，加速效率越高，通过与激波厚度解析结果和高能粒子事件的观测能谱比较发现两者是一致的，说明数值模拟结果是可靠的。

Finally, we discuss that the combination of conforming quadrilateral Q\ element and nonconforming quasi-Wilson element on anisotropic meshes. The error estimates of the energy norm and L~2-norm are obtained, which are the same as those of the traditional methods.

最后，本文研究了逼近空间取为协调的四边形Q_1元和非协调类Wilson元的情况，同样在剖分网格不满足正则性条件下，得到了与传统方法相同的能量模和L~2模误差估计。

According to this conclusion, the air entrainment model and the robustness of quasi-dimensional model has been improved to some extent.

根据这一结论改进空气卷吸率计算模型，很大程度上改善了准维模型对瞬变工况的适应性。

In this paper, taking the equdistant curve of short spoke epicycloid as original tooth profiles, the conjugate internal gear tooth profiles (quasi-cycloid) and the pinion cutter tooth for cutting the internal gear are obtained.

本文以短幅外摆线的等距线为原始齿廓，求取了与之共轭的内齿轮齿形及切削这种内齿轮的插齿刀齿形，并寻求了用三圆弧替代插齿刀齿形的方法。

The paper induces and analyzes research method of the tooth, including Method line of the tooth theory,Envlopment theory, Camus theory, Circling cluster theory and so on.Based on the past theories,the new measure to deduce the chain wheel tooth equation of roller chain at high speed,Circling cluster and envlopment theory,is proposed by analyzing basic concept of equidistant curve and Willis theory.Following the presentation of drawing lessons from traditional roller chainof the change of stanza line distance. A new type of roller chain at high speed is given in the paper.The paper studies deeply structural characteristics, the change of stanza line distance,separation between plank and bore and so on.According to design requst of roller chain at high speed and the study ofH_y--V_0 tooth chain,the impossibility that Quasi-conjugage engagement theory isrealized by the engagement of roller chain at high speed from the aspect of theory is decribed.

作者综述了高速滚子链国内外研究现状，并进行了以下研究工作：归纳分析了齿形法线法理论、包络法理论、卡姆士定理、圆族法理论等齿形研究方法，在此基础上，结合齿形啮合基本定律，分析了等距曲线的基本概念，提出了一种推导高速滚子链链轮齿廓方程的新方法—圆族包络法；在借鉴普通变节距滚子链的基础上，本文提出了一种新型的高速滚子链链条，深入研究了高速滚子链链条结构特性及其变节距、板孔中心分离等特性。

Grasp and understand terminologies and concepts of Engineering Thermodynamics, such as thermodynamic system, state property, equilibrium state, state properties diagram, equation of state, quasi-static process and reversible process, etc.

理解和掌握工程热力学中的一些术语和概念：热力学系统、状态参数、平衡状态、状态参数坐标图、状态方程式、准静态过程、可逆过程等。

Basic contents: equilibrium state, state properties diagram, state postulate, equation of state, quasi-static process and reversible process, etc.

基本内容：平衡状态，状态公理与状态方程式，准静态过程和可逆过程，热力过程、热量和功量，热力循环等

With experience gained from the Finite Element method, a quasi-linear model based on the Magnetic Equivalent Circuit method has been used to obtain the static torque of the motor. Three types of magnetic tubes are employed in the model, and through the exchange principle of magnetic lines of force and magnetic equipotential line, the tube in which the flux distribution is non-uniform is applied to the model.

通过分析电机二维磁场分布和考虑电机特殊的电磁结构，提出了用三种磁通管单元来近似磁场分布，并借用磁力线和等磁位线互换的方法，将磁力线分布不均匀的磁通管引入到分析模型中，有效的处理了平动式啮合电动机中的磁场分布不均匀和磁路局部饱和，使分析模型得到简化并兼顾了求解精度。

According to the field plot of TE10 wave mode in rectangular ridged waveguide,the equivalent capacitance and equivalent inductance are approximately calculated by quasi-static method,and the resonant frequency which is namely cutoff frequency is derived.

由矩形正脊波导中主模TE10波模的分布结构特征，用准静态方法近似的计算出等效电容和等效电感，从而计算出谐振频率，也就是矩形正脊波导的截止频率。

The equivalent relation between quasi-semi-E-convexity of functions and corresponding level sets is proved.

函数的凸性与广义凸性在数学规划以及最优化理论中起着非常重要的作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。