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For the aged aluminum alloys which generally contain disc/plate-shaped or rod/needle-shaped precipitates, a model has been established, from the viewpoints of thermodynamics, kinetics and strengthening theory, to relate quantitatively the yield strength to the size, volume fraction and aspect ratio of precipitates which all were analytical associated with the chemical compositions of alloys, aging temperature and aging time. This model has been experimentally proved to well predict the variation of yield strength with the evolution of disc/plate-shaped or rod/needle-shaped precipitates for present Al-4. 62wt% Cu-0.65wt% Mg alloy aged at 513K and Al-1. 12wt% Mg0.57wt% Si alloy aged at 463K, respectively, and the yield strengths simulated by this model were also found to be in well agreement with previously measured values for a series of aged Al-Cu binary alloys, AA6061 and Al-Zn-Mg alloys.

以析出热力学、长大动力学及强化理论为基础，研究了含有盘/片状、棒/针状时效析出强化相铝合金在时效过程中时效析出相尺寸、体积分数和长径比等参数的演变及其对合金时效强化效果的影响，给出了合金成分、时效变量与微观组织参数之间非线性的解析表达关系式，进而从微观结构—宏观性能相结合的角度出发建立起了具有盘/片状、棒/针状时效析出相铝合金的时效工艺—屈服强度量化模型，并将该模型应用于不同温度、连续不同时间时效下Al-Cu二元系列合金、6061铝合金和Al-Zn-Mg系列合金的屈服强度预测，得到了与前人实测值吻合良好的结果。

Five expressed genes contributed to the flowering process and embryonic development such as prolamine, gene for allergenic protein, chalcone synthase, putative peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase and acyl carrier protein Ⅱ gene were chosen to hybridize with a 1510-RNA-blot (time-point phenotypes) array. The 1510 RNA blots were prepared into an RNA array for the purpose of conferring and validating global transcriptional profiles on booting, flowering and filling quantitatively and qualitatively at a statistic level. The results verified: Prolamine and allergenic protein were high-expressed in filling grains after being regulated by development, Chalcone synthase and methionine sulfoxide reductase were high-expressed in the leavies induced by light, in the root stressed for nitrogen deficiency.

为了全局性分析基因表达谱以及进一步验证它们与开花过程的相关性，选取参与水稻开花过程和胚胎发育过程的基因：查尔酮合酶、酰基载体蛋白Ⅱ、醇溶蛋白、S-腺苷基甲硫氨酸还原酶、过敏反应蛋白等为探针，与1500个水稻RNA斑点阵列进行杂交时，结果证实：醇溶蛋白和过敏反应蛋白受发育调节在乳熟成穗中高表达，查尔酮合酶和S-腺苷基甲硫氨酸还原酶在叶片中受光诱导、在根中受缺氮胁迫高表达。

The role of six types of urban plantations in Harbin in maintaining woody plant diversity was assessed quantitatively by sample plot survey and diversity index analysis.

采用样地网格调查方法与多样性指数分析方法，定量评价了哈尔滨城市人工林在维持木本植物多样性方面的作用，并通过分析林分更新层、演替层、主林层的多样性指数，探讨了城市人工林自然化过程及其近自然经营途径。

The role of six types of urban plantations in Harbin in maintaining woody plant diversity was assessed quantitatively by sample plot survey and diversity index analysis. The naturalization process and the approaching-nature management modes of the urban plantations were also discussed in terms of richness, evenness and Shannon-Wiener indexes of regeneration layer, succession layer, main storey, brush layer aiming to provide a basis for forest management and biodiversity protection.

采用样地网格调查方法与多样性指数分析方法，定量评价了哈尔滨城市人工林在维持木本植物多样性方面的作用，并通过分析林分更新层、演替层、主林层的多样性指数，探讨了城市人工林自然化过程及其近自然经营途径，以便为哈尔滨城市森林经营与生物多样性保护提供依据。

Wall thickness is a key index for water-wall tube inspection in power plant,in order to inspect the tube quickly and evaluate the wall thickness quantitatively,a new method combining the magnetic main flux with ultrasonic technique was proposed.

壁厚是电站锅炉水冷壁管质量监测的一个关键指标，为了实现对水冷壁管的快速无损检测和质量评价，提出了主磁通检测与超声波检测相融合的壁厚检测新方法。

From the comparison of the magnitude of partition coefficient between small solute and proteins, a phenomenon that the resolution of small solute s de pends on column length but that of proteins almost to be independent of colu mn length is quantitatively explained.

基 于小分子溶质、生物大分子的log I和分配系数大小的差别，对两者在反相液相色谱中的保留对柱长的依赖关系给予了定量的说明。

This study mainly focused on the water resource and environmental crisis, which are both caused by agricultural irrigation in the Inner Mongolia irrigation area. Based on the balance of total water quantity between ground water, underground water and soil water, a study was made on the water quantity in the head races and offtakes, and the effect of human activities on the water cycle was quantitatively calculated.

针对引黄灌区所面临的水资源问题及灌溉引起的环境问题，以内蒙古河套灌区为研究对象，从灌溉引水、用水、排水之间的转化关系为切入点，以地表水、土壤水和地下水之间的水量平衡理论为基础，定量研究了河套灌区在人类影响条件下的水循环特征。

Based on probability theory, a method for describing and calculating the collision probability between rendezvous and docking vehicle and debris is presented, and the method involves quantitatively analyzing the collision probability using quasi maximum instantaneous collision probability and total collision probability. The method calculating the indexes is developed, and the input required to perform a calculation includes the respective state vectors, position error covariance matrices and physical sizes of objects involved.(3) Two methods to analyze relative trajectory safety between chaser and target are developed, which are 3-sigma ellipsoid based methodology and collision probability based methodology.

1分析了交会对接各阶段面临的主要轨迹安全威胁，阐述了被动和主动安全策略、目标器的交会对接控制区域等保证交会安全的措施；(2)基于概率思想发展了线性和非线性运动情况下飞行器与空间碎片的碰撞判断方法，提出采用总碰撞概率和拟最大瞬时碰撞概率来综合描述飞行器与空间碎片的碰撞危险程度，推导了通过飞行器和空间碎片各自的状态矢量、位置误差协方差矩阵以及形状尺寸来计算碰撞概率的公式；(3)提出了两种分析追踪器和目标器之间相对轨迹安全的新方法：基于3σ椭球的轨迹安全分析方法和基于碰撞概率的轨迹安全分析方法。

The article,based on the real measured data,combining years of testing experience and railroad engineering theory,analyses measured error of stagger value of contact wire qualitatively and quantitatively arised from running speed ,elicits a expressions of speed-expiation for stagger value in real-time measure,improves real-time measured precision of stagger value.

文章依据实测数据，结合多年的运行检测经验与铁道工程理论，定性、定量分析了运行速度对接触网拉出值测量误差的影响，得出实时检测过程中应当采用的拉出值速度补偿公式，提高了拉出值的实时检测精度。

Based on the prediction model for uncatalytic double base propellant burning rate the dissertation, carrys on the mathematical treatment to the hypothesis of polyemerization and disintegration, deduces the formula of catalytic double base propellant burning rate and pressure exponent; The results of experimental tests show that it can re-present quantitatively various stage of plateau combustion: super rate, plateau and mesa. The calculated results conform with the experimental results very well.

在非催化双基推进剂燃速预估理论的基础上，对聚合裂解的假设进行数学处理，导出催化双基推进剂的燃速公式和燃速压力指数公式；实验验证结果表明，模型中的公式可以定量地再现双基平台推进剂燃烧中的超速，平台和麦撒现象，而且计算值和实测值符合得较好。

Recall that, in the Kolmogorov axiomatization, measurable sets are the sets which have a probability or, in other words, the sets corresponding to yes/no questions that have a probabilistic answer.

延期开工的Kolmogorov宣布要衡量所有套职能有限许多坐标限制在于衡量子寅。换句话说，如果是/否的问题回答f可看的价值观念在许多最有限坐标，然后它有一个概率的答案。

The experimental results showed that the algorithm can filter singular points and remain fixity of the target edge.

实验表明：基于模糊理论的图像智能滤波方法比常规图像滤波方法运算量小，它既能去除奇异点，又能保持图像中目标的边缘不变性，具有很好的滤波效果。