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The polarization curve is not sufficient for a reliable and unique validation of a PEMFC model since different parameters can lead to an identical polarization curve. A three-step validation approach is proposed for a complete and unique validation. These three steps are:(1) validated by the global polarization curve,(2) validated by the local current density distribution curve, and (3) validated by the cathode over-potential and anode over-potential versus current density curve. The results from the comparison of four flow-fields show that the PEMFC performance of the flow-fields decreases in order by interdigitated, metal foam, pin-type and parallel.

通过PEMFC参数敏感性研究发现，PEMFC性能受多种参数的影响，这些参数可分为非敏感性参数、敏感性参数和高敏感性参数；与阳极侧参数相比，PEMFC性能对阴极侧的参数更敏感；不同参数值的组合可以得到几乎完全相同的极化曲线，因此电池的极化曲线不足以用于验证数学模型的唯一性与可靠性；为验证PEMFC数学模型的唯一性与可靠性，提出了模型验证的三步法：极化曲线验证、局部电流密度验证和阳极总过电位与阴极总过电位验证。

Photoelectron rise and decay signal curve of various emulsion samples, which is exposed by 35ps short pulse laser, is measured. The corresponding relation of photo-absorption saturation curve and the photographic characteristic curve is obtained, and farther the quanta efficiency of free photoelectron is also obtained.

本文从卤化银材料的微观光作用动力学的角度出发，依据微波吸收原理，设计并建立了纳秒量级卤化银材料光生电子信号检测装置，在超短脉冲激光作用下，测量了不同材料的光电子产生与衰减信号曲线。

Algebraic curve is commonly used in CAGD. Traditional curve interpolation is in various forms of spline fuction. Although better result can be obtained by spline curve, the former two of elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolic shapes can not be represented by spline curve. An exploring research in this aspect is made in this thesis.

代数曲线是CAGD中经常用到的曲线，以往的曲线插值基本上是采用样条函数的形式，采用这种形式虽然能够获得很好的效果，但样条函数所能表达的形状都是抛物线型，对椭圆型与双曲线型曲线的表示是无能为力的。

The cubic algebraic curves (the Bezier curve and B style curve, etc belong to the parameter curve) is apter to realize the curve transition and fitting to dispersed data than the cubic parametric curves.

比如参数曲面与平面的交线就是一条平面代数曲线；平面参数曲线的等距曲线也是一条代数曲线。

In the term of unloading and opposite side loading, let the stress-strain curve have the same form of skeleton curve, the curve uses the last unloading point as its starting point, and uses soil's ultimate stress level as its asymptote. Then the hysteretic curve is constructed.

在卸载和反向加载时，采用与骨架曲线相同的函数形式，并以前一次卸载开始点作为起点，以土体的极限应力水平作为渐近线，构造出土体动力本构模型的滞回曲线。

A novel design scheme for digital optical switch with high extinction ratio by employing S curve waveguide at the end of the Y branch ii proposed. Higher extinction ratio then that of the device without S curve waveguide is obtained by applying certain synchronous voltage to tie Y branch and the curve electrode of tie S curve waveguide.

文章提出一种关于非对称电极低串扰数字光开关的新型设计方案，在Y分叉后端引入S弯曲波导，通过在Y分叉处的非对称电极和弯曲波导的弯曲电极处施加一定的同步电压，实现了比没有S弯曲的开关更低的串扰。

Curve C at the spot P(x0, y0) curvature is the maximal circle of the curve C tangency at the spot P(x0, y0). Contrail curve G of the center D of curvature circle entitles evolute of curve C.

曲线C在点Px0，y0）曲率圆是与该曲线C相切于点P(x0，y0的最大圆，曲率圆的圆心D的轨迹曲线G称为曲线C的渐屈线。

Carried out generalized Mises yield criterion , yield curve on the n flat face was circle curve, and different elected parameters correspond to external angular point circumcircle、 internal angular point circumcircle and incircle of Mohr-Coulomb unequiangular hexagon. According to unequiangular hexagon, circle yield curve which had the same area as hexagon can be found, and corresponding yield criterionwas equilateral circle yield curve.

3广义米赛斯准则在π平面上的屈服曲线为圆曲线，选择的参数不同对应有莫尔—库仑不等角六边形的外角点外接圆，内角点外接圆和内切圆，对于不等角六边形，还可以找到一个面积和六边形相等的圆屈服曲线，对应的屈服准则为等面圆屈服曲线。

First, the relative curvature of a certain curve at its first end and the directional angle of the first port tangent vector of that curve as well as the weight factor of the interpolation curve are given, then all the other control vertexes can be gotten by using the conditions of G continuity, and a method to construct transitional curves is also introduced so that we can get the closed interpolation curve which achieves G continuity globally.

首先给定某段曲线的首端相对曲率和该段曲线的首端切矢量的方向角以及插值曲线的权因子，然后利用G2连续条件求出其余控制顶点，并给出了构造过渡曲线的方法，得到了G2连续的闭插值曲线。

The properties of the new method are that (1) the equations that the quartic Bézier curve has to satisfy for being C 2 continuous are strictly row diagonally dominant;(2) the discontinuous points of the curve are at the given data points;(3) the curve is locally adjustable;(4) if the given data points are convex, the constructed quartic Bézier curve is convex.

用样条函数方法构造插值样条曲线曲面，曲线曲面的精度和形状是由给定的数据点和端点条件唯一确定的。在有些情况下，例如，对文献 [7～ 9]中的数据点集，由样条函数方法构造的C2 插值曲线是不可接受的，但由于没有额外自由度，无法调整曲线的形状。

Summary In copyright infringement cases,if the alleged infringer uses or even plagiarizes the copyrighted works or parts thereof,which causes no substantially adverse effect on the normal exploitation of the work,nor does it inflict any substantial damages to the right owner,the de minis doctrine should be applied to exempt the liabilities of the defendant and seek the balance of interests between the right owner and the general public embodied by the copyright law.

在侵犯著作权案件中，如果被控侵权行为人虽未经著作权人的同意，使用甚至抄袭了受著作权保护的作品或作品的片段，但若情节轻微，未对该作品的正常使用产生任何实质不利的影响，亦未对权利人的权利造成实质性的损害，则应适用&不计琐细原则&，免除行为人的责任，以寻求在权利人利益与著作权法所体现的社会公共利益之间的平衡。

This new product will become our best seller.

这个新产品会成为我们最畅销的产品。