查询词典 public security

In this paper, the concept of network security and security structures of OSI and Internet is introduced, and various threats confronting the computer network are also discussed. Several kinds of network information security technologies, including firewall technology, virtual private network, intrusion detection system, data encryption technology, identity authentication and security protocol etc. are also examined. The security of internal network is the biggest problem in the construction of each network. The solution to this problem lies in setting up a firewall. The theory of a firewall and the approach to its actualization is studied. Intrusion detection system, an important part of the computer network security system, has gained extensive attention. IDS monitors the computer and network traffic for intrusion and suspicious activities. It not only detects the intrusion from the extranet hacker, but also the intranet users. The emergence of virtual private network paves the way for realizing secure connection of LAN quickly and at a relatively low cost. The concept, function, key techniques, including the tunnel technology, and the ways to realize VPN are expounded in this paper. Also introduced is the data encrypt network technology, which is called the soul of computer network security, such as digital digest, digital signature, digital certificate, digital encrypt arithmetic and so on. At the same time, the principle and the process of implementing network security by digital certificate and digital signature, the basic principle and characters of security protocols, and finally, three of the security protocols, concerning the security problems in network, IPsec, SLL and SET are analyzed in detail Computer network system should be a system of dynamic defence, both dynamic and static, passive as well as active, and even offensive, combined with management and technology.

本文系统地介绍了网络安全的概念、OSI及Internet的安全体系结构，并讨论了计算机网络面临的各种安全威胁；内部网络的安全问题是每个建网单位面临的最大问题，可以认为防火墙技术是解决网络安全的一个主要手段，本文研究了防火墙的原理及其实现手段；作为一种主动的防御措施，入侵检测系统作为网络系统安全的重要组成部分，得到了广泛的重视，TDS对计算机和网络资源上的恶意使用行为进行识别和响应，不仅检测来自外部的入侵行为，也监督内部用户的未授权活动；虚拟专用网技术的出现，为实现网络间的连接提供了快速安全但又相对便宜的手段，本文较深入的探讨了实现VPN的隧道技术，并对VPN的概念、功能、实现途径、基本构成、关键技术及发展前景等问题进行了全面论述；数据加密技术是网络安全核心技术之一，本文从数据加密算法、数字摘要、数字签名及数字证书等几方面简要介绍了数据加密技术，并分析用数字证书和数字签名实现网络安全的原理和过程；对安全协议的基本原理、主要特点进行了较为深入的研究，并就网络的安全性问题剖析了三种安全协议：IPsec协议、SLL协议和SET协议。

I bring forward some suggestions on how to improve our governments function of public service according to governmental public service theory. That is, transform our opinion to service the public; transform the service function further, to make the governmental function stronger, weaker, or transformable; try to do economical service, social service better; strengthen overall system construction, build and perfect public service system; build electronic administration supervise system and government affairs consultable system; public information providing publicly system; build and perfect county level public financial system; perfect employment and social insurance system; carry out and perfect relative service rules; discover new public service ways to realize public service socially and market-oriented; to realize public service electronically; strengthen classified service, realizes the public service multiple supplies and the layered supplies; build a better public service team; Enhancement institution administration potency construction, implement science government service achievements management.

根据政府公共服务能力理论的原则，提出了提高我国地方政府公共服务能力的对策建议：转变公共服务理念；进一步转变服务职能，实现政府职能的强化、弱化和转化；加强制度建设，建立政务咨询制度、公开资讯制度，建立健全地方政府公共财政体制，完善就业和社会保障制度，推行和完善相关的服务机制；创新公共服务方法，实现公共服务市场化和社会化及公共服务电子化，引入现代工商管理方法；加强分类服务，实现公共服务的多样性供给及层次性供给；加强共服务队伍建设；加强机关行政效能建设，实施科学的政府服务绩效管理。

Through the comparative analysis between the functions of the government"s'role in establishing a social security system in Britain, the US, Germany, Japan and other countries and Chinese government"s absence from their duties in establishing rural social security, we know, under the socialist market economic conditions, the government should bear the basic responsibilities in establishing the rural social security system, just to build a basic framework of the rural social security system adapted to the level of economic development, to establish a rural social security management system, to bear national financial responsibility in establishing the rural social security and promote mufti—dimensionally raising funds, to establish a rural social security monitoring mechanism, to establish a rural social security law system, to create external environment of the rural social security system, and so on.

在英、美、德、日等国构建社会保障制度中政府职能的角色定位与我国农村社会保障政府缺位的比较分析中，我们得出，在社会主义市场经济条件下，构建农村社会保障体系中政府应承担的基本职责，即构建和经济发展水平相适应的农村社会保障制度的基本框架，建立健全农村社会保障管理体制，承担国家对农村社会保障的财政责任并推动多渠道筹集资金，建立健全农村社会保障的监管机制，推动农村社会保障的法律体系建设，创造农村社会保障制度建设的外部环境等等。在当前的条件下，我国政府应着手采取现实可行的具体措施来履行其职能、推进我国农村社会保障体系的建设。

At present, in the course of managing and punishing, by the reason of legal system, a great deal of factors of subject, inside mechanism, external environment condition, manage punishment can"t suit perfecting the situation of socialist market economy, the structuring, the harmonious society with our country. The question of the following several respect has appeared in administrative practices of public security behavior:First, it is not clear to manage the value orientation punished, motive of enforcing the law is fuzzy, the urgent work trends towards the favourable phenomenon generally; Second, the range of containing punished in public security management loses contact with reality, smudgy, the basis to punish is ambiguously in public security management; Third, violate the proper principle of administrative penalty, Punish lopsidedly and heavily and lopsidedly and lightly; Fourth, manage and punish and punish doing one"s best to the unit in public security; Not tight when fifth , manage the procedure ofpunishing in public securitying, the operating is not strong.

当前公安机关在实施治安管理处罚中，由于法律制度、执法主体、内部机制、外部环境诸多因素的影响，与我国健全社会主义市场经济、构建和谐社会的形势不适应，在公安行政实践中出现了以下几个方面的问题：一是实施治安管理处罚的价值取向不明，执法动机模糊，急功趋利现象普遍；二是治安管理处罚的涵盖范围脱离实际、模糊不清，治安管理处罚依据含糊；三是违反行政处罚适当原则，处罚畸重畸轻；四是治安管理处罚对单位处罚不力；五是治安管理处罚程序不严密，操作性不强。

But our country's present social security system actually has the hindrance function to the occupation mobility, the main performances are as follows: Two units social security system, the unequal tax revenue system in the social security, social security singleness in view of the impoverished social class, hardly carried and transferred characteristics of social security system , ignoring benefits protection of mobile staffs, lack of social security legislation , slow development of service system of social security ,lack of policies and measures on promoting regional motilities insocial security system.

但是，我国现行的社会保障制度却对职业流动有着一定的阻碍作用，主要表现为：二元的社会保障体系的存在，社会保障体系的便携性、可转移性较差，忽视流动职工的利益保护，社会保障立法的缺失，社会保障服务体系发展缓慢，社会保障中税收体系的不平等，针对贫困阶层的社会保障单一，社会保障体系缺少促进区域流动的政策与措施等方面。

Provable Security is a formal method for proving the security of cryptographic schemes, in which the difficulty of breaking a particular scheme is formally related to that of solving a widely believed computational hard problem. Provable security has already become an important theme of theoretical researches in modern cryptography. This dissertation investigates the provable security of public-key encryptions and hybrid encryptions of asymmetric and symmetric encryptions. This includes the various formal security notions and the constructions can be proved to achieve them. Among the constructions, hybrid encryptions are themselves an important way to obtain public-key encryption schemes with chosen ciphertext security. The main results are as follows:(1) The one-wayness of the trapdoor one-way function in NTRU depends on the randomness of the session key, which is different from previous ones. Based on this observation, a new kind of trapdoor one-way function, trapdoor one-way functions with an auxiliary random variable is proposed.

可证明安全性是一种证明密码学方案安全性的形式化方法，它将密码学方案的安全性归约为公认的计算难题，已成为现代密码学领域中理论工作的主线，本文主要研究公钥加密与单双钥混合加密的可证明安全性，这包括它们的各种形式化安全性定义以及达到这些安全性定义的方案构造，而单双钥混合加密本身也是一种构造选择密文安全公钥加密的重要方法，本文得到的主要结果如下：(1)在研究NTRU公钥加密的特殊性基础上，对于公钥加密的陷门单向函数加密模型进行了扩展，提出了具有辅助陷门单向函数的概念，并将其扩展到多元的情况，讨论了可能的密码学用途。

The design includes many new technologies in data exchange and data security, they are: Converting non-XML data to XML in order to apply the XML security technology to more data types; Using the technology of XKMS and PKI to manage the public key in order to overcome the shortage of complexity and difficulty in using PKI and improve the efficiency of the public key management; Using Diffe-Hellman algorithm combining with the public key technology to exchange secret key in order to furthest increase the security of the key; Using the technology of XML digital signature algorithm to ensure the integrity, message authentication and signer authentication of the data; Using the technology of XML encryption to ensure confidentiality of the data; Defining delegable access rules on the structure and content of the XML documents to provide fine-grained access control. According to the XML security framework, a XML security library is designed and implemented.

在对XML及其安全技术主要包括XML加密技术、XML数字签名、公钥管理、密钥产生和交换进行研究的基础上，结合传统密码技术和XML安全技术提出了一种基于XML的数据安全模型，模型中包含了目前网络数据交换和安全领域的一系列最新技术，主要有：将非XML格式数据转换为XML格式数据的方法，以保证现有的大部分网络数据能够应用XML安全技术；使用XML公钥管理技术结合PKI技术管理公钥，以克服PKI技术实施和部署复杂、难度大等问题，提高公钥管理的效率；使用Diffie-Hellman算法结合公钥技术交换密钥，以最大限度保证密钥的安全；使用XML数字签名技术保证数据的完整性、不可否认性和发送方身份认证；使用XML加密技术保证数据的机密性；根据XML文档的内容和结构定义授权访问规则进行良好的访问控制。

Additional, director of delegate of town National People's Congress, public security is OK reach relevant website to mention to promulgator of article of Huang Youjie, net criminal private prosecution is civil perhaps lawsuit, but because they are exercise the service personnel of public authority, belong to " public character ", it is so when adjudgement, lv of take an examination " actual ill will " the world general rule of the principle -- press down director of delegate of National People's Congress, public security to ought to prove net article promulgator and relevant website know perfectly well Huang Youjie namely appeal for help material is fictional fact and be determined to publish, if indemonstrable this, the accused need not assume corresponding responsibility; And to Huang Youjie, pressing down director of delegate of National People's Congress, public security to want to prove him is " intended and concoctive fact " is not wrong accuse, or impeach inconsistent with the facts, also should not be otherwise adjudicate Huang Youjie assumes corresponding responsibility.

另外，镇人大代表、公安局长可以向黄有杰、网文发布者及相关网站提起刑事自诉或者民事诉讼，但由于他们是行使公共权力的公职人员，属于"公众人物"，所以在审判时，应考虑"实际恶意"原则的世界通例——即镇人大代表、公安局长应当证明网文发布者及相关网站明知黄有杰的上访材料是编造事实而执意刊登，如果不能证明这一点，被告就可以不承担相应责任；而对于黄有杰，镇人大代表、公安局长要证明他是"故意捏造事实"而不是错告，或者检举失实，否则也不宜判决黄有杰承担相应的责任。

This thesis deeply researches the J2EE security strategy on the application tier of enterprise system. The security strategy predigests the information security model and meets the security requirements expediently. But there are some disadvantages when the security requirements become more complex. The expositive security on the Web-Tier can not offer more information for authentication; there is no authentication for EJB-Tier to use, make the EJB-Tier depend on the Web-Tier; J2EE uses database or application server to manage the role information. Use database to manage the role information will increase the complex of enterprise application, and the way of application server will reduce the ability of migrate other J2EE platform. To solve these problems, the thesis designs an improved security strategy model.

本文从企业级系统应用层安全的角度出发，深入研究J2EE多层体系结构的安全策略模型。J2EE提供的安全策略简化了系统的信息安全模型，能够很方便地满足基于J2EE的分布式应用系统的安全需求，但是在面对更加复杂的安全需求时，J2EE安全策略在验证授权和角色管理中还存在不足之处：其在Web层的声明式验证机制无法为用户提供更多验证信息，可扩展性较差；在EJB层缺少业务逻辑层可供采用的验证机制，而是借助于Web层的验证机制，其耦合程度较高有悖于业务逻辑分离于表现逻辑的原则；在角色管理方面，J2EE采用数据库或者应用服务器来管理角色信息，其中，数据库管理角色的方式增加了应用开发的复杂度，应用服务器管理角色降低了系统的可移植性，两者都具有片面性。

Currently it still exists many problems in Social Security System, such as incomplete legal institutions of social security, incapacious scope of security coverage, insufficient social security funds, disordered department functions and third sector's laggard development in social security system even though we have achieved obvious fruits in the reform of Social Security System, relatively increased the scale and level of social security too.

虽然我国社会保障体制改革取得了有目共睹的成绩，社会保障规模和水平也相对提高，然而我国的社会保障体制还存在着社会保障法律制度不完善；保障覆盖面狭小；社会保障资金不充足；部门职能混乱和社会保障第三部门发展缓慢等问题。

The circulation, consumption and reproduction of the trilogy have not only testified to its historical significance and literariness, but also invested it with new meanings.

该三部曲的流通、消费与再生产不仅验证了其历史意义及文学性，而切还赋予它以新的意义。

If he thought that he could buy me off, he would be wrong.

如果他认为他可以收买我，那他就大错特错了。