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Since the seminal work of Coase,however ,it has been recognized that in practice,although facilities may be provided by local or central government,these goods and services seldom exhibit the strict economic features of a public good;they are lagerly neither non-rival （for example,public parks get congested and fire-services can easily be over-extended）,nor are they non-excludable （whilst it is easy to stop people getting into a public park, fire services in the past were regularly only provided to those who paid the companies fees）.

不过，自从科斯的巨大影响著作面世后，已被公认的是，虽然设施是由地方或中央政府所提供，但在实践中，这些物品与服务很少显示一个公共物品严格的经济特点；它们多数不是非竞争性的（比如，公园的拥挤和消防服务的过度扩展），也不是非排他性的（阻止公众进入公园不难，同时，过去的消防服务时常只为缴费者提供服务）。

Experimental basis for studying and enhancing the nature fermentation effect at present was provided, the theory instruction for optimizating the extracting gutta-percha craft was provided also.

为进一步研究和提高目前杜仲叶胶生产中所采用的自然发酵效果提供实验依据，并为杜仲叶胶提取工艺优化提供理论指导。

For ships provided with steel weathertight hatchcovers, with the consent of the Society, the height of hatchway coamings may be reduced provided that efficient measures have been taken and that the safety of the ship id not impaired.

例 3：采用钢质风雨密舱口盖的船舶，在不影响船舶安全和采取有效措施的条件下，经本社同意，对其舱口围板高度可予以适当降低。

Article 4 The term external guarantees used in these detailed rules refers to guarantees provided by institutions within the Chinese territory (hereinafter referred to as the guarantor) by way of producing guarantee letters, stand-by letters of credit, promissory notes, checks and drafts, mortgages by properties stipulated in Article 34 of the Guarantee Law of the PRC, hypothecation by moving properties according to provisions stipulated in Section 1 of Chapter 4 of the Guarantee Law of the PRC or by rights stipulated in Article 75 of Section 2 provided by institutions within the Chinese territory to institutions outside China or foreign-funded financial institutions inside China (creditors or beneficiaries, hereinafter referred to as the creditors) with the pledges that when the debtor (hereinafter referred to as the guaranteed) fails to repay the debts in line with the contract, the guarantors shall perform the obligations of payment or the creditors may put the mortgaged or hypothecated assets to auction according to the Guarantee Law and enjoy priority in getting compensations from the proceeds there-from.

第四条 《办法》所称对外担保，是指中国境内机构以保函、备用信用证、本票、汇票等形式出具对外保证，或者以《中华人民共和国担保法》中第三十四条规定的财产对外抵押或者以《担保法》第四章第一节规定的动产对外质押和第二节第七十五条规定的权利对外质押，向中国境外机构或者境内的外资金融机构（债权人或者受益人，以下称受益人）承诺，当债务人未按照合同约定履行义务时，由担保人履行义务；或者受益人依照《担保法》将抵押物或者质押物折价拍卖、变卖的价款优先受偿。

Based on the investigation data from a telecom enterprise, the formative model and reflective model have been compared to see whether the same advice could be provided to the enterprise according to how to improve the customer satisfaction level. It showed that the formative model provided more stable advice than the inflective model.

利用该电信企业的数据，比较分析了构成型模型（顾客期望和质量感知潜变量调整为构成型关系）和反映型模型（所有潜变量均为反映型关系）的实证结果，研究表明在为企业提供改善顾客满意水平的信息上两种模型具有较好的相似性，但是构成型模型能够提供更加稳定的结果，从而验证了顾客满意模型中引入构成型模型的可行性。

The author put forward the following opinions: civilian sport refers to non-official sports activities de-veloped among the masses; it is not provided with the characteristic of being passed on and continued generation by generation, can occur in a certain period, and disappear in a certain period; folk sport refers to sports activities closely related to civilian customs, mainly existing in civilian celebrative activities, religious activities and ritual ac-tivities; it is a form of sports culture passed on and continued generation by generation, provided with the character-istics of collectivity, inheritability and mode; national sport is divided into general type and special type; general na-tional sport refers to a special culture that once historically reflected and carried common psychological capacity and culture of a nation and is enjoyed by that nation; Chinese national sport, ancient Grecian sport and ancient Egyptian sport are specific forms of presentation of national sport; special national sport refers to a sports cultural form that is exclusively owned by a nation in modern time, reflects and carries common psychological capacity and culture of that nation, and is created and enjoyed by that nation; traditional sport refers to a stable sports culture that is historically inherited and gradually formed by a nation in practical activities in a long history, embodied in all as-pects of sports cultural activities and passed on generation by generation.

摘 要：民间体育是指非官方的在民众中开展的体育活动，它不具有世代相传和延续的特点，可以在某一时期出现，又可能在某一时期消失；民俗体育是指那些与民间风俗习惯关系密切，主要存在于民间节庆活动、宗教活动、祭祀活动中，是一种世代传承和延续的体育文化形态，具有集体性、传承性和模式性特点；民族体育有广义和狭义之分，广义民族体育指曾在历史上反映和承载着一个民族共同心理素质、共同文化，为该民族享用的一种特殊文化，中华民族体育、古希腊体育、古埃及体育都是民族体育的具体表现形式，狭义民族体育是指近现代一个民族所独有的，反映并承载该民族共同心理素质、共同文化并为该民族所创造和享用的一种体育文化形态；传统体育是指由历史沿袭下来，是民族在漫长的历史实践活动中积累而成的稳定的体育文化，体现在健身、养生、娱乐思维方式、行为方式等体育文化活动的各个方面，并通过社会心理结构及其它物化媒介(如棋盘、武术器械、文献典籍等)得以世代相传。

This provided material bases for luxurious ruling class, and also provided favorable conditions for laboring people to create the history culture.

这一方面为统治阶级奢侈挥霍提供了物质基础，另一方面也给劳动人民创造历史文化提供了有利条件。

Provided that any term of imprisonment imposed shall not exceed one-half of the maximum term provided for the offence.

唯其罪行的监禁刑期不得超过最高刑罚的1/2的刑期。

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

B If the Overbuy order is executed as a result of incorrect available balance provided to the Broker by the Custodian, the Custodian shall arrange to settle the same with CSDCC provided that such rectification arrangement shall not violate any applicable laws, rules and regulations in China.

b 若超额买入指令是因托管人提供给经纪商的可用余额信息不实而被执行，则托管人须设法同中国证券登记结算有限责任公司就该超额买入指令进行结算，前提是此纠正办法不得违反中国的任何适用法律、法规和规章。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48