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Uncoupling proteins 2 and uncoupling proteins 3 were probably correlated with the occurrence of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

解偶联蛋白2和解偶联蛋白3与肥胖和2型糖尿病的发生可能有一定的相关性。

The invention also encompasses nucleic acid molecules encoding the albumin fusion proteins of the invention, as well as vectors containing these nucleic acids, host cells transformed with these nucleic acids and vectors, and methods of making the albumin fusion proteins of the invention using these nucleic acids, vectors, and/or host cells.

本发明还包括编码本发明的白蛋白融合蛋白的核酸分子，以及含有这些核酸的载体，由这些核酸和载体转化的宿主细胞，和使用这些核酸，载体和/或宿主细胞制备本发明的白蛋白融合蛋白的方法。

The invention also encompasses nucleic acid molecules encoding the albumin fusion proteins of the invention, as well as vectors containing these nucleic acuds, host cells transformed with these nucleic acids and vectors, and methods of making the albumin fusion proteins of the invention using these nucleic acids, vectors, and/or host cells.

本发明还包括编码本发明的白蛋白融合蛋白的核酸分子，以及含有这些核酸的载体，被这些核酸和载体转化的宿主细胞，以及使用这些核酸、载体和/或宿主细胞制备本发明的白蛋白融合蛋白的方法。

The PCR products were examined by agarose gel electrophoresis. The target gene fragments were purified by gel extraction kit and ligated to cloning vector pMD18-T. The recombinant vectors were transformed into host strain E. coli K802 by lithium chloride method, screened and identified with PCR and restrictive enzymatic digestion. Their sequences were confirmed by DNA sequencing.(2) sTWEAK1 gene was subcloned into expression vector pProEx HTb and transformed into E. coli BL21. sTWEAK2 gene was subcloned into expression vector pMAL-C2x and transformed into E. coli TB1. The recombinant vectors were screened and identified with PCR and restrictive enzymatic digestion. The recombinant fusion proteins were induced to express with IPTG, detected by coomassie brilliant blue-stained SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis , and confirmed by Western blot analysis.(3) The sTWEAK1 fusion protein was purified with Ni-NTA Spin Kit.(4) The biological activity was assayed on transformed and tumor cells by microplate photometer after crystal violet or sulfur rodamine B staining.(5) The contents of IL-8 in the supernatant of 1990 cell cultures were determined by ELISA.(6) The morphological changes of the sensitive cells were observed by light and transmission electron microscopies.(7) The cell cycle and apoptotic rate were assayed by flow cytometry in 1990 and M85 cells.(8) The effect of fusion proteins on induction of NF-κB in 1990 and LOVO cells was detected with Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay system.(9) The TWEAK gene was subcloned into Adeno-X Viral DNA with pShuttle vector and transfected into HEK293 cells by lipofectamine method.

(1)本研究用RT-PCR方法，从人组织细胞总RNA中扩增可溶性TWEAK胞外区（sTWEAK1和sTWEAK2）的cDNA序列及全长编码序列，用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析PCR产物，胶回收目的基因片段，连接到pMD18-T克隆载体中，转化大肠杆菌K802，PCR和酶切筛选阳性克隆，全自动DNA测序验证序列；(2)sTWEAK1和sTWEAK2分别亚克隆到pProEx HTb和pMAL-C2x表达载体中，分别转化大肠杆菌BL21和TB1，PCR筛选和酶切鉴定，阳性克隆用IPTG诱导表达，表达产物用SDS-PAGE分析和Western blot验证融合蛋白；(3)用NTA-Ni Spin试剂盒初步分离纯化sTWEAK1融合蛋白；(4)用体外培养的肿瘤细胞和正常对表达产物进行活性检测，贴壁细胞用结晶紫染色法，悬浮细胞用磺酰罗丹明B染色法，酶标仪检测OD值；(5)敏感细胞用ELISA法检测细胞培养上清中IL-8的含量；(6)用光镜和电镜观察敏感细胞死亡和细胞凋亡情况；(7)用流式细胞仪分析表达产物对敏感细胞凋亡率和细胞周期的影响；(8)用双荧光素酶报告基因检测法，测定表达产物对敏感细胞NF-κB的影响；(9)用pShuttle穿梭质粒将TWEAK重组到腺病毒载体上，用脂质体转染法转染HEK293细胞，PCR鉴定重组质粒。

The objective of the last part is to, primarily, check the binding potentiality of the brain tissues with PrPc and then to determine the brain subfractions which have the most abundant binding proteins for the sake of further isolation of binding proteins, and then to identify and characterize these binding candidates.

新发现、新观点、新创造：首先，目前发现的所有朊蛋白的结合分子由于获取方法所限尚未有证据表明其直接结合，而且对结合功能也多为推测，本研究的立意在于从功能着手，分离和鉴定朊蛋白受体，并进一步鉴定其生理功能。

In our results, we found four proteins have isoforms; these proteins are peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A, prohibitin, enolase 1, myeloperoxidase precursor.

同时，我们发现肽基辅胺酸顺反异构酶（peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A）、抑制素、烯醇酶（enolase 1）、过氧化骨髓酶有异构体的产生。

Acceptable resolutions were achieved when it was applied for the separation of dipeptides including Leu-Tyr and Val-Tyr by using 1-butanol-acetic acid-water (4:1:5, V/V/V) solvent system. The proteins including cytochrome C and myoglobin, lysozyme and myoglobin, and fresh chicken egg-white proteins were well separated by 12.5% PEG1000-12.5% K2HPO4-75% water (pH 9.0) and 16% PEG 1000-12.5% K2HPO4-71.5% water (pH 8.0) system.

应用研究表明，采用正丁醇-醋酸-水(4：1：5， V/V/V)和PEG1000-磷酸钾盐-水(12.5：12.5：75， W/W/W)(pH 9.0)体系可以在较高的流动相流速和较高的固定相保留下分别实现对亮氨酸-酪氨酸和缬氨酸-酪氨酸二肽混合物以及细胞色素C与肌红蛋白、肌红蛋白与溶菌酶混合物及鸡蛋清样品中蛋白成分的成功分离。

The sodium dodecyl sulfate eletrophoresis pattern of proteins showed that 32Kd, 36Kd and 41Kd proteins were rich synthesized in the NaCl-tolerant cell line and the corresponding bands strengthened. Abore all, the 38Kd protein band is a specific band of the NaCl-tolerant cell line.

耐盐系和对照系可溶性蛋白质的十二烷基磺酸钠电泳图谱表明：耐盐系中32Kd，36Kd和41Kd蛋白质合成加强，并且在38Kd蛋白质处出现了所特有的带。

Visualizing conformational dynamics in proteins has been difficult, and the atomic-scale motions responsible for the behavior of most allosteric proteins are unknown.

可视化蛋白质构象动力学一直有难度，而且在原子级负责大部分变构蛋白行为的运动还不清楚。

Since the proteins in question perform only mechanical/structural roles, rather than catalysing chemical reactions like enzymes, their function would be restored if the links were chemically cut, even though there would be side-chains present that were not native to the proteins.

因为这些可疑的蛋白质只执行机械／结构功能，而不是执行像酶一样的催化化学反应的功能，所以，如果它们的交联键以化学方法切断，它们的功能将会恢复，即使会有并非这些蛋白质原有的侧链存在。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。