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Firstly the Lie group description and method of seismic wave propagation in phase space is proposed, which is, in other words, symplectic group description and method for seismic wave propagation, since symplectic group is a Lie subgroup and symplectic method is a special Lie group method.

文中首先给出相空间中地震波的李群表述和算法，也即地震波的辛群表述和辛算法，辛群是李群的子群，辛算法是特殊的李群算法。

If without dissipation, the propagation is essentially a symplectic transformation with one parameter, and, consequently, the numerical calculation methods of the propagation ought to be symplectic, too.

至今 ，已发展起来了许多方法，如计算走时的射线追踪法，计算全波场的有限差分法和有限元法等[1— 5 ]，以及随后发展起来的其他方法，如傅立叶变换法[6 ]、小波变换法[7，8]和各种结合算法[9，10 ]等。

Fist, comprehensive analysis on the current study on data processing is made, and characters of Newton methods about nonlinear surveying and mapping data processing are discussed, and then new solutions to parameters estimate with multi-sources, multi-types, multi-dimension, multi-precision bynonlinear least square are presented such as PSB algorithm, digital continuation and generalized digital continuation algorithm, cone model method, tensor analysis method, GCMA(mixed algorithm of gradient method and conjugate gradient method), combining algorithm based on Newton method and gradient method and confidence region and so on, and a new fast difference iterative algorithm is proposed towards parameters estimation containing random parameters in nonlinear models, and a new solutions to nonlinear least squares surveying and mapping adjustment by parameters estimation both considering the random and nonrandom parameters is presented after studying on nonlinear data processing in deformation monitoring, and at last primary analysis on error propagation of spatial data is made and approximate error propagation formula and error analysis formula to length and area are proposed.

首先比较全面分析了目前测量数据处理理论的研究现状，讨论了牛顿类方法在处理非线性模型参数估计方面的特点，研究并给出了求解多源、多类型、多维、多精度、非线性最小二乘测量平差参数估计的若干种新方法，这包括PSB算法、数值延拓及其广义数值延拓算法、锥模型法、张量分析法、基于最速下降法和牛顿法的组合算法、基于最速下降

To find the failure propagation mechanism from the inherent topological structure of the complex electromechanical system, the topological structure statistical properties of the system were analyzed with small world net theory, and a failure propagation model based on the small world clustering was proposed.

为了从复杂机电系统自身固有的网络拓扑结构出发来研究故障的传播机制，采用小世界网络理论分析方法，对系统网络拓扑结构统计特性进行分析，建立了基于小世界聚类特性的故障传播模型。

Some knowledge about wave propagation in anisotropic media has been obtained by studying elastic wave propagation properties of the transversely isotropic media.

3深入地研究了横向各向同性介质中弹性波场的传播特征，获得了一些各向异性介质中波传播的重要认识。

Based on the existed wave mechanics and by means of the study of the motion and effect of particles in the propagation of waves, this article puts forward that mechanics' effect in the propagation of waves is not only comprised of "stress from deformation" but also of another different form of force——"applied force from motion" which is decided by velocity.

核工业二九O研究所，韶关 512026摘要：在原有波动学的基础上，通过对波传播质点的运动和作用进行研究，提出了波传播的力学作用不仅有因形变产生的应力，还存在着另一种由速度决定的不同形式的力——"动作用力"。

In the load forecast method based on the ANN, all load data should be normalized firstly, and then accessional momentum method are compared with L-M Back Propagation algorithm in efficiency and precision, at last L-M Back Propagation algorithm is winner due to its better forecast effect.

在基于神经网络的负荷预测方法中，首先对数据进行归一化处理，然后分别采用附加动量法和L-M 规则修正的误差反向传播算法，并对两种算法的计算速度和精度进行了比较，最终采用预测效果较好的L-M 规则修正的误差反向传播算法进行负荷预测。

According to the modified Rytov method for the optical wave propagation and withconsidering the effect of the turbulence spectrum model with zero and non-zero innerscale in addition to the finite outer scale, the solution to the scintillation index as afunction of the Rytov variance is obtained from weak to strong fluctuation regions forGaussian beam propagation along the horizontal path.

根据光波传播的修正Rytov 方法，得到了高斯波束水平传输时在零内尺度湍流谱模型及考虑湍流内尺度效应和外尺度效应条件下，从弱起伏湍流区到强起伏湍流区闪烁指数随Rytov 方差变化的计算公式。

The propagation property of apertured laser beams (propagation and control of actual high-power lasers) is a complicated and challenging subject in the field of high-power-laser technology and a frontier subject many researchers devoting to.

受光阑限制光束传输特性(实际强激光的传输与控制)是强激光技术研究领域中面临的具有相当的复杂性和挑战性的课题，也是国际同行们正在努力研究的前沿课题。

The introduction of nonlinear advection into the model weakens the intensifying of maximum tangential wind with relative to the initial disturbance azimuthally wave numbers and intensity .2 An f-plane quasi-geostrophic barotropic vorticity equation model of high resolution is designed in this paper in order to investigate the characters of vorticity propagation and the effect of nonlinearity on the propagation within a typhoon circulation, wherein two mesoscale vortices coexist at different radial positions.

设计了一个高分辨率的f平面的准地转正压涡度方程模式，用以研究两个径向距离不等的中尺度涡旋共存条件下，台风环流内涡量传播的特征，以及非线性在此传播过程中的作用。10组试验的结果指出：与单涡条件相比，涡量内传的强度显著加强，涡量滞留在台风内区的时间加长，内区局域最大风速增大的现象更加清楚。

Putt your way through 36 fun-filled holes of minigolf on 3D designed courses with elevated greens, bunkers, bridges and water hazards, among other crazy obstacles.

您的推杆方式，通过36个有趣的填孔迷你的三维设计的课程，以提升绿党，掩体，桥梁和水的危害，除其他疯狂的障碍。

Some participles can be used either as attributes or as predicatives.

有些分词既可当定语用，也可当表语用。