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It is calculated according as the quantity of air molecules ionized by the alpha rays decayed by radon and its progeny as the air is inhaled to the ionization chamber by the air pump.

采用的测量原理是通过气泵把空气吸入电离室内，通过测量氡及其子体衰变放出α射线使空气分子电离的量来间接测量空气中的氡浓度。

Intelligent nuclear instrument has been a dominant developing direction of radioactivity measurement instrument. The instrument for radon measurement of air pulse ionization chamber, based on the theory that alpha rays decayed by radon and its progeny can ionize the air molecules, can measure the radon concentration accurately.

智能核仪器已成为放射性测量仪器发展的一个主导方向，利用氡及其子体衰变放出α射线能使空气分子电离的理论设计的空气脉冲电离室α测氡仪可以准确地测量空气中的氡浓度。

In order to further into research the effect of trans-acting factor TGA1a on expression of exogenous gene in the transgenic plant progeny, different transgenic plants were grown and analyzed. The result of experiments revealed that the separation of resistant gene in the transgenic plant progeny was consistent with Mendel's law of segregation.

对子代植株中gusA基因表达水平进行分子检测和GUS活性测定结果显示，反式调控系统控制下的gusA基因的mRNA转录水平和GUS活性均明显高于对照。

The fact that the pink plants were predominant among the population of RP1 cross progeny hints that the pink had the strong descendiblity, Whereas another fact that the plants with the color of another parent were predominant among the population of R01 cross progeny indicates that the nacarat/saffron plant had the low descendiblity. The above results suggest that it is better to choose the pink plants with the target color flower of breeding as a parents when arranging the cross combination. Many novel flowers with singular value of view and admire can be bred by the different cross combination since the wide segregation chromatogram is not confined to the parents'.

以RPl及R01作母本或父本，分别与不同花色杂交，F1代发生了明显的花色分离，RP1的杂交后代均以粉色占优势，表明粉色的遗传力较强，R01的杂交后代均以其它亲本占优势，表明桔黄/桔红的遗传力较弱，因此在选配组合时，最好选择具有育种目标的粉色个体作为亲本；另外由于分离谱较广，且分离的色谱范围并不完全限于双亲之间，可根据不同的杂交配组，培育出具极高观赏价值的稀有花色。

The nitrate non-utilizing mutantas an another added genetic marker was used to select the out-crossed perithecium from self-crossed perithecia. Seven crosses were tested in all, including cross between S×S, MR ×S, MR×MR,HR ×S, as well as HR ×MR. The results showed that no recombinant phenotype was found among all progeny of seven crosses. Progeny segregation of crosses between the parents with different sensitive levels (i.e. MR×S, HR×S,HR×MR) clearly fit a 1:1 ratio of two parental phenotypes, and no segregation was found in the crosses of S×S and MR × MR.

从25个敏感菌株和31个抗性菌株中随机挑选了2个S、3个MR和1个HR，并以硝酸盐营养缺陷型突变体作为另一个遗传标记，按照S×S、MR×MR、MR×S、HR×S、HR×MR等共设计了7个杂交组合，对各杂交后代对多菌灵的敏感性测试发现，在所有杂交后代中均未出现除双亲表现型以外的重组型个体，MR×S、HR×S及HR×MR的杂交后代出现了1∶1的分离比例。

The relative efficiency of pre-selection of young bulls before progeny-testing with marker-assisted BLUP over conventional progeny-testing(i.e.random selection before progeny-testing)for five generations was studied using Monte Carlo simulation.

在主基因-多基因混合遗传模型的框架内模拟研究了种畜遗传评定的相对效率，比较了常规BLUP与标记辅助BLUP进行个体遗传评定的效果，模型中将与标记紧密连锁的QTL效应看作随机效应。

Percent and 21. 4 percent respectively. F1 plants of R01 self-cross also present diverse colors such as white, pink, red, nacarat/saffron, dark yellow, yellow and so on, And the pink and the nacarat/saffron plants have the highest proportions, 50.6 percent and 31. 4 percent, respectively. The wide segregation chromatogram of self-cross progeny implies that these two varieties themselves contain the abundant genetic polymorphism. The ISSR genetic diversity analysis and the principle factor analysis were performed using 49 plants of RP1 self-cross progeny population and 123 plants of R01 self-cross progeny population.

RP1及R01的遗传多样性最高，这从自交一代的表观性状及ISSR的遗传变异可以得到证实，如RP1自交，F1代花色有白色、粉色、玫瑰红、深红色、桔红/桔黄、黄色，黄红复色等，其中以粉色及桔红/桔黄色占的比例最大（分别占61.2％，21.4％）；R01自交，Fl代花色有白色、粉色、红色、桔红//桔黄、深黄色，黄色，其中以粉色及桔红/桔黄色占的比例最大（分别占50.6％，31.4％），较广的自交分离色谱，表明两个品系自身存在丰富的遗传多态性。

Dazicao, a native wheat variety with stripe rust resistance from Henan, China, was crossed with susceptible cultivar Mingxian 169 as the female parent. The F1 progeny was selfed to produce F2 progeny and backcrossed with Mingxian 169 to produce BC1 progeny.

以抗条銹病的农家品种大籽糙作父本、感病品种铭贤169作母本杂交获得F1代杂交种，F1代植株自交获得F2代种子，F1代植株与铭贤169回交获得BC1代种子。

Dazicao,a native wheat variety with stripe rust resistance from Henan,China,was crossed with susceptible cultivar Mingxian 169 as the female parent.The F1 progeny was selfed to produce F2 progeny and backcrossed with Mingxian 169 to produce BC1 progeny.

以抗条锈病的农家品种大籽糙作父本、感病品种铭贤169作母本杂交获得F1代杂交种，F1代植株自交获得F2代种子，F1代植株与铭贤169回交获得 BC1代种子。

The results demonstrate that,(1) The average genetic value of the sires of bottom-up scheme are higher than that of conventional progeny-test by 10%, the bulls that enter progeny-test by 55%, and the cows by 6%.

结果表明，（1）和常规后裔测定相比，从下到上计划可以使种公牛的遗传值提高10％，参加后裔测定的青年公牛的遗传值提高55％，母牛的遗传值提高6％。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。