查询词典 production cycle

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

The new circumstances that the discrete manufacturing enterprise is confronted with are analyzed; the function and configuration of production system is expounded; the research actuality and contents about production system capacity in the discrete manufacturing enterprise are summarized; the main research contents in this paper are developed.2. The calculating and analytical methods about production system capacity are studied systemically, a model to calculate rough-cut capacity instantly in "excel" table style is designed, the means to analyze production capacity in different production mode are brought forth, and the balance tactics of production capacity versus load are put forward.3. The application characteristics used in production system about the methods of Computer simulation and CRP in the MRPII/ERP are analyzed and compared; the advantages of Computer simulation method are pointed out; and the simulation researches aiming at production system capacity are implemented by Ithink simulation software.4. A simulation model is founded under the analysis of production system capacity in the production system background of a firm; the change instances of yield, output rate and WIP in the production system are simulated by the action of procurement cycle, machining time, setup time and so on. 5. The change instances of production capacity in the assembly stage are simulated , and rational employees are obtained.

本文主要进行了以下几个方面的研究：1、分析离散型制造企业面临的新情况，阐明生产系统的功能和结构，对离散型制造企业生产系统生产能力的研究内容和现状进行分析，提出本课题的主要研究内容。2、在系统地研究生产系统生产能力的计算和分析方法后，设计了用Excel表快速计算粗能力的方法；给出不同生产方式下的产能分析方法，并提出产能与负荷平衡的策略。3、比较和分析了MRPII/ERP的能力需求计划方法与计算机仿真方法在生产系统中的应用特点，指出计算机仿真方法的优势，并用Ithink仿真软件对企业生产系统生产能力进行了仿真研究。4、以A公司的生产系统为背景，在对生产系统生产能力分析的基础上建立了仿真模型，模拟了在采购周期、加工时间、调整时间以及返工率、废品率、机械开工率等因素作用下生产系统的产量、产出率和在制品数量的变化情况。5、研究在装配阶段生产能力的变化情况，通过仿真优化后确定合理作业人员数量。

During the course of the short-cycle correlation, This paper assembleds the descending cycle of early cycle and the ascending cycle of late cycle, which are conjointed together , begin to correlate and draw the ichnography . By this method , writer can consider the two connected sandbodies as one unit to analyse , and can contact the sand units of exploitatition in the oilfield. Then analyse the distributing and the continuity of the sandbodies in the medium-cycle, the distributing and the continuity of oil and gas in the short-cycle.

每个中期旋回包括 3-4 个短期旋回，在短期旋回的对比中，将垂向上相邻的早期短期旋回的下降半旋回和晚期短期旋回的上升半旋回组合到一起进行对比划分和平面成图，这使得相邻两套的粉砂岩作为一个单元进行分析，与油田开发中的小层紧密的结合到一起。

Main PPR, ABS, PEX Pipe Production Line, PVC, HDPE gas pipe production line, large-caliber hollow-wall winding pipe production line, silicon core pipe production line, steel-plastic composite, medical tube, nylon tube production line, PVC foam core pipe, with spiral pipe production line, posts and telecommunications perforated pipe production line, double-wall corrugated pipe, spiral pipe production line, peroxides, cross-linked polyethylene, pipe production lines, two-pipe extrusion production line, plastic board material production line, plastic foam picture frame-type material production line, SJYF plastic profile extrusion production lines, blow molding Blow Molding Machines, Single Screw eager, cold-cut granulator unit, with the parallel twin-screw extruder, SJSZ conical twin-screw plastic extruder, SJ single screw extruder, SRL-Z series mixing unit, SHR series high speed mixer, auxiliary products sold nationwide and exported to Southeast Asia more than 10 countries and regions.

主要有PPR、ABS、PEX管材生产线、PVC、HDPE燃气管生产线、大口径中空壁缠绕管生产线、硅芯管生产线、、钢塑复合、医用管、尼龙管生产线、PVC芯层发泡管、内螺旋管生产线、邮电通讯多孔管生产线、双壁波纹管、螺旋管生产线、过氧化物、交联聚乙烯、管材生产线、双管挤出生产线、塑料板材生产线、塑料发泡镜框型材生产线、SJYF塑料挤出异型材生产线、吹塑中空成型机、单螺杆热切、冷切造粒机组、同向平行双螺杆挤出机、SJSZ锥形双螺杆塑料挤出机、SJ单螺杆挤出机、SRL-Z系列混合机组、SHR系列高速混合机、辅机系列产品畅销全国并出口东南亚等十多个国家和地区。

Companies from the United States, Germany, Sweden, the introduction of advanced production equipment and technology, the design annual production capacity of 100,000 tons aluminum, the main equipment has been put into deep well-type aluminum rod casting production lines, 500 tons -1650 tons of aluminum extrusion 9 production lines, 1600m / m aluminum casting production line 4, 1450m / m 2 of cold-rolled production line, 1500 m / m embossing plate production line, 1850m / m 2 cross-cutting production line, 2200m / m thick plate production line, 600m / m-1450m / m thick shear foil production line 3, 1450 m / m bending-straightening production line, 1000 * 5000m / m a CNC grinding machine, annealing furnace 20 tons of plate and strip, such as four-foil finishing equipment.

公司分别从美国、德国、瑞典引进先进的生产设备和技术，设计年产铝材十万吨，其中主要已投产设备有深井式铝棒铸造生产线两条，500吨-1650吨铝型材挤压生产线九条，1600m/m铝板铸轧生产线四条，1450m/m冷轧生产线两条，1500 m/m 压花板生产线一条，1850m/m横剪生产线二条、2200m/m厚板生产线一条，600m/m-1450m/m厚箔剪生产线三条，1450 m/m拉弯矫生产线一条，1000*5000m/m数控磨床一台，20吨退火炉四台等板带箔精整设备。

Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle; TCA cycle; tricarboxylic acid cycle) A complex cycle of reactions in which pyruvate, produced by glycolysis, is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, with the production of large amounts of energy.

卡尔文循环（柠檬酸循环， TCL 循环，三羧酸循环）：糖酵解过程中产生的丙酮酸，被氧化为二氧化碳和水并产生大量能量的复杂反应过程。

It has multiterm production lines including coccidium vaccine production line, Herbal extract production line, API synthesis production line, powder production line, premix production line, Small volume injection production line, oral liquid production line and disinfectants production line, and so on. It has more than 100 products of 8 Series. We ivested eight million yuan to build a new live coccidium vaccine production workshop in 2008. The new live coccidium vaccine has been declared to national new veterinary medicine Evaluation center and in clinical trial stage.

拥有球虫疫苗、中药提取、原料合成、粉剂、预混剂、散剂、小容量注射液、口服液、消毒剂等多条生产线，现有产品八大系列100余个品种。2008年投资800万元在亚宝生产基地新建一座球虫活疫苗车间，并取得了GMP证书（证书号：（2009）兽药GMP证字185号）和生产许可证（证号：（2009）兽药生产证字04034号），球虫活疫苗已报国家新兽药评审中心，现已进入临床试验阶段。

In the economic cycle, it is necessary to pay attention to the inventory cycle, corporate capital spending cycle and the real estate cycle, the three-cycle changes.

在经济周期中，要注意库存周期，企业资本支出的周期和房地产周期，三个周期的变化。

ABSTRACT Global carbon cycle is a very important issue in the study of global climate change. Forest ecosystem carbon cycle is one of the important part of global carbon cycle, but at the present time there are considerable uncertainties in the research of global carbon cycle, which also exist in forest ecosystems carbon cycle research, especially in the estimation of carbon storage of region forest ecosystems and CO〓 fluxes exchanging with other systems.

全球碳循环是全球气候变化研究的核心问题之一，森林生态系统碳循环是全球碳循环的重要组成部分，目前在全球碳循环的研究中还存在很大的不确定性，这种不确定性同样存在于森林生态系统碳循环的研究中，尤其表现在对区域森林生态系统碳库大小及其与大气CO〓交换通量的估计上。

Analytical results showed that the thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency increased with increasing condensation temperature of Rankine cycle, inlet pressure of turbines of Rankine cycle and LNG cycle, and decreased with increasing outlet pressure of turbines of Rankine cycle and LNG cycle.

分析结果表明，混合动力循环热效率和可用能效率随朗肯循环冷凝温度升高、朗肯循环透平进口压力和液化天然气循环透平进口压力增大而提高，随朗肯循环透平出口压力和液化天然气循环透平出口压力增大而降低。

Hanna: That's over now, isn't it?

都结束了，对吗

You must be ill. You look so pale.

你一定是病了，你的脸色苍白。