查询词典 probability

First,we deprived probability density of median closely according to probability density formula of Laplace distribution,from general to special; then we proved the unbiasedness of L 1 estimation according to probability density of median.

笔者基于误差分布理论及概率统计理论，由Laplace分布的概率密度函数公式出发，采用由一般情形到特殊情形的推理方法，严密地推导

P×P and P were two major non-Bayesian algorithms. 6 Less than 25% of the participants used frequency. In those who got other results except P , much more people used probability. Experiment 2 had a randomized multigroup posttest design. There was only one factor named implied condition which had five levels: not imply, imply P, imply addition, imply division and imply all. The results showed that: 1 All the implied conditions significantly improved the participants' performance. When under the condition of implying division, the participants derived the best results. 2 31.9% of the participants got correct answer, 73% of who used frequency to rewrite the information. 3 78% of the participants could apply one or several of the four concepts: probability of "not the event", multiplication rule, addition rule and condition probability.

结果表明：1 被试的估计受问题内容的影响，权威型问题情境容易使被试高估，非权威型问题情境使被试的高估现象大大减少；数据结构和提问形式对被试估计不产生影响。2 有近5%的被试能正确估计P，其中 73%使用频数对信息进行再表征。3 贝叶斯推理中各分步骤的困难程度由低到高分别是：乘法、P、加法、除法。4 有50%的被试能运用对立事件概率、概率乘法、概率加法、条件概率这四个概念中的一种或者几种。5 使用最多的两种非贝叶斯算法是P×P和P。6 不到25%的被试使用频数；求得除P以外各类结果的被试中，使用概率的人数远多于使用频数的。

First, for the reduction of the solving scale of the scheduling problem, on the basis of the defined scheduling characteristics—resource conflicting probability, all operations of the scheduling problem are divided dynamically into two kinds in the scheduling process: the first kind of operations with greater probability of the resource conflict, and the second kind of operations with less probability of the resource conflict.

首先，在遗传算法迭代求解过程中，为降低调度问题的求解规模，基于所定义的调度特征量——资源冲突可能性，将所有操作动态划分为资源冲突可能性较高的操作和资源冲突可能性较低的操作，分别直接和间接参与染色体编码。

Normal distribution is the most important distribution in the probability theory, the discovery of normal probability curve has revealed the evolution of De Moivre's probability thought.

正态分布是概率论中最重要的分布，其发现揭示了棣莫弗概率思想的发展过程及其对概率论发展所做的奠基性工作。

Based on the theory of probability statistic, a non-fixed value probability finite element analysis method by using FEA software ANSYS and Monte Carlo method was studied, by which the probability characteristic of projectile strength failure function was analyzed.

本文以概率统计为理论基础，综合采用有限元分析法和蒙特卡罗法，拟对弹体强度失效概率特征的非确定性概率有限元分析方法进行探讨。

Destroy probability calculated with model of random variable deviate high clearly, and destroy probability calculated with model of random field decrease greatly. When adopt random field, destroy probability decrease following with decrease of variance reduction coefficient.

由随机变量模型计算求得的破坏概率明显偏大，当采用随机场模型时，计算的破坏概率有很大的下降；当采用随机场模型时，随方差折减系数的减少，破坏概率也相应的减少。

Firstly the damage probability model of field command post under the enemy′s aviation force formation adopting bombs and precision guided weapon was researched.Then the damage probability model after adopting camouflage and maneuver was discussed.Finally using this model,the variation law of field command post′s damage probability was calculated and the rationality of the model was verified,and the quantitative reference for commander planning camouflage reasonablely with timely maneuver was provided.

对在敌航空兵编队采用普通炸弹轰炸和精确制导武器攻击两种模式下，研究了我野战指挥所被毁伤的概率模型，并探讨了我野战指挥所采取伪装和机动措施后被毁伤概率的模型，最后利用模型分析计算了在采取伪装和机动措施情况下，我野战指挥所被毁伤的概率的变化规律，得到了比较合理、可靠的数据，验证了该模型的合理性，也为指挥员合理规划伪装和适时机动提供了数量依据。

The update model of the probability vector in compact GA is characterized by random walk, based on which the components update of the probability vector in the CGA with binary code is studied. A novel algorithm is proposed consequently. By using this algorithm, the fitness difference of the two competitors is increased. This can guarantee the probability vector updates availably.

紧致遗传算法中概率向量进化的模型是随机游动模型，据此研究了二进制编码中向量分量的进化特性，提出了分级竞争紧致遗传算法（grading competition compact genetic algorithm，GCCGA），加大参与竞争的两个个体的适应度的差距，使概率向量有效进化。

The Total probability formula is an important formula in the probability theory , this text carries on several popularization to this formula, and until probability calculate, margin distribute calculate and foundation of recurrence formula application of carry on some discussions to formula this.

摘要全概率公式是概率论中的一个重要公式，本文对此公式进行若干推广，并对此公式在概率计算、边际分布计算以及递推公式的建立等方面的应用进行了一些探讨。

We also discuss the essence of probability, and point out that there are two kinds of probabilities. Objective probability is controlled by nature while subjective probability exists with subject.

作者探讨了概率的本质，指出概率有两种一种是自然界控制的客观概率，另一种是依赖于观测主体而存在的主观概率。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。