查询词典 probability

A very small or impossible event can be referred to as "small probability event" according to the probability theory of higher mathematics in c

记得大学时期高等数学概率论课本上把某种极小的可能甚至不可能发生的事件称为"小概率事件"。

In order to overcome the technological difficulties encountered in the course of insulation fault diagnosis on the base of dissolved gases analysis, several kinds of mathematic models and actualized methods are brought forward to improve the reliability and veracity of fault diagnosis of transformers. The research works are shown mainly as followings:1 A modified fuzzy multi-criteria method is brought forward for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer. Furthermore, a new method for insulation fault diagnosis is proposed on the base of fuzzy multi-criteria together with rule reasoning. With fuzzy diagnosis in the method, fault reasons are filtrated and then the reasons in low probability are prohibited, Moreover, the left reasons are testified by using rule reasoning and then final concludes are drawn in much less misjudge probability and better results.2 On the base of geometry characteristics of C- partition to sample set of DGA data of transformer, a method is put forward to compute effective radius of neighbor field of a sample, number of clusters and values of initial centers. Moreover, the fuzzy C- means cluster model with adaptive weight is brought forward in the first time and then the fault classifier is designed for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer.3 According to the weakness of the degree of gray of gray incidence, a new formula to compute DGI is put forward and then incidence order criterion is ascertained. Moreover, a new DGI model for fault diagnosis is proposed according to the further analysis to relationship between fault reason and content of oil dissolved gases of transformer.

为解决在应用油中溶解气体分析方法（Dissolved Gases Analysis，简称DGA）诊断变压器内部绝缘故障时所遇到的主要技术难题，论文提出了用于提高变压器故障诊断准确性和可靠性的数学模型及实现方法，主要研究工作如下：1）提出了一种改进的变压器绝缘故障诊断模糊综合评判方法；进一步提出了将模糊综合诊断与规则推理相结合进行绝缘故障诊断的方法，该方法采用模糊推理对故障原因进行"过滤"，滤掉可能性极小的原因，然后进一步利用规则推理验证剩下的可能原因，得出最终结论，大大减少了误判比率，获得了较好的效果。2）根据以变压器DGA数据为特征量的样本空间的c-划分几何特性出发，提出了一种求取样本有效邻域半径和聚类数及聚类中心初值的方法，在此基础上，首次提出了一种自适应加权的变压器绝缘故障诊断的模糊c-均值聚类模型，并设计出故障分类器。3）针对常用灰色关联度的不足，提出了一新的灰色关联度计算公式及确定关联序的准则；并在此基础上，通过深入分析变压器发生绝缘故障时的原因与油中溶解特征气体含量的关系，建立了一种新的故障诊断灰色关联模型；通过实例分析证明，该方法能有效地诊断出变压器绝缘故障及故障部位，大大提高了诊断的准确性。

A Markov process is fully characterized by it initial probability distribution and transition probability distribution function.

马尔科夫过程的统计特性可以用其初始概率分布和不同时刻的转移概率分布完全表征。

This theory system will pour into the new vigor to the integral geometry and the geometry probability, provides the new theory basis for the integral geometry and the geometry probability.

这一套崭新的理论系统将对积分几何和几何概率注入新的活力，为积分几何及几何概率提供新的理论依据。

Chapter 5 deals with the solvable theorem of adaptive inverse optimal control problems for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems driven by Wiener noises of unknown covariance. The systems are depicted by It〓 stochastic differential equations. By using an adaptive backstepping algorithm and stochastic control Lyapunov functions, the designing procedure of control laws of global asymptotic stability in probability and adaptive inverse optimal stabilization in probability are presented systematically. Adaptive control laws and parameter update laws can be obtained at the same time by this design scheme.

在第5章中，针对具有方差不确定Wiener噪声扰动和未知定常参数的随机非线性系统（假设方差的F—范数是一个常数或一个缓慢变化的量，对其进行在线辨识），给出并证明了自适应逆最优控制问题可解定理，基于随机Lyapunov定理和It〓微分规则，采用自适应Backstepping设计方法，系统地设计了全局依概率渐近稳定和自适应逆最优控制策略，这种设计方法可同时获得控制策略和自适应律，计算机数值仿真结果表明该控制算法是有效性的。

A new method of obtaining secondary electron yield and secondary Cs〓 ionization probability by detecting target current and primary ion current under Cs〓 bombardment is put forward The dependence of Cs〓 ionization probability on primary ion energy, primary beam current and substrate compositions, as well as the dependence of secondary ion intensity on erosion time during transient period has been studied The mechanisms of secondary ion emission are explained

二、提出了通过测量靶流和一次束流求取Cs〓轰击下二次电子产额和二次Cs〓离化率的方法，实验研究了一次离子能量、束流强度及不同基体对二次Cs〓离化率的影响和瞬态过程中二次离子强度的变化规律，并对发射机理做了解释。

probability and density of power load ; kernel density estimation ; window width ; indexes of load probability characteristics ; Kolmogorov test

实际的电力负荷P是连续性随机变量，设我们要了解的负荷范围P∈a，b，F(p为电力负荷的分布函数，f为对应概率函数即分布

For the image with random field feature, the description language is probability distribution model, and the description length equals the negative base-two logarithm of the probability of the image data; For the region homogeneity properties of active contour, the description language is chosen as a sign gradient map, and the description length is the summation of sign gradient inside the active contour; For the active contour regularity, the description language is smoothness, and the corresponding description length is the length of active contour curve.

随机场图像的描述语言采用概率分布模型，描述长度是围道内外区域中图像数据概率的以2为底对数的负数；活动围道区域一致性的描述语言为有符号的梯度图，描述长度是围道内区域有符号梯度的总和；围道形态的描述语言采用平滑性，描述长度正比于围道的长度。

Rise to analyse determinism method and connection of probability analysis method, established the relation that fights FS of liquefacient safety factor and liquefacient probability PL.

为了将确定性分析方法和概率分析方法联系起来，建立了抗液化平安系数FS和液化概率PL的关系式。

The statistical simulation analysis method is effective to deal with space- time heterogeneity of earthquakes and risk regions, after 105 count of the va lues of simulating random prediction probability have been got, the objective result s have been got by comparing between the simulation prediction average probabili ty and the practice prediction average probability.

由于统计模拟的方法有效地处理了地震和危险区的时空不均匀性，并且得到经运算105次的统计模拟随机预报概率，将其与实际预报平均概率比较，得到较为客观的结果。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。