查询词典 probability density

These results reveal that, as an intrinsic property of the wave function of atoms, the angle of the probability distribution of the angular two-electron density is approximately equal to the bond angle of the molecular which usually can be explained by the hybridization theory.

结果显示，作为原子波函数的内禀性质，双电子密度最可几角分布的角度与通常由分子杂化轨道理论解释的相关原子的分子的结合键角近似相等。

Second, On the basis of analysis of density distribution of sequence points on the chaotic orbit of one-dimension chaotic mapping, a mutative interval chaotic optimization algorithm is presented in search for the solution optimums of the non-linear constrained problems with multi-variables and multi-peak values. With the objective function probability measurement approaching a limit 1, the convergence of the algorithm on the global optimal solution is proofed by aid of Chebyshev inequality.

二、基于一维混沌映射混沌点集的概率测度分析，提出了一种适于解决多变量多峰值非线性约束问题的新的混沌优化算法——变区间混沌优化算法，并应用切比雪夫不等式论证了算法依概率收敛于全局最优解。

On this foundation, the followingfew problems are resolved. Firstly, we have a kinematic density formula for pairs of needles by using thekinematic density formula for pairs of oriented lines. The geometric probability thatthe random pairs of needles intersect at a point in convex body K is considered.

在此基础上，重点解决了以下几个问题：首先利用R~2上有向直线偶的运动不变密度公式，得到了针偶的运动不变密度公式，考虑了针偶与凸体K相交且针偶的交点属于K的这样一个几何概率问题。

So we mention another geometricprobability problem which is the geometric probability of the intersection of pairs ofintersecting lines belonzs to convex body K in R~2 by using the concept of doublechord-power integrals and a kinematic invariant density formula for pairs of lines.

利用R~2上双弦幂积分的概念和线偶的运动不变密度公式，提出了另一个几何概率问题：R~2上两根与凸体K相交的小针依附在两直线上，求两直线的交点落入凸体K内的几何概率。

To accelerate the widespread of Synchronous Chip Seal and improve the operation quality of Synchronous Chipsealer, key techniques which influence the operation quality is studied detailedly, including the control of distributing quality, the dynamics characteristics of hydraulic system and the spray characteristics of asphalt nozzle of Synchronous Chipsealer.1 The factors which influence Synchronous Chip Seal quality are studied. Fiducial probability of simultaneous distribution density is advised to be used in evaluating the distribution bias and standard deviation of asphalt and aggregates simultaneously, which is more advanced than the single index evaluation method used before.2 The volume efficiency formula of asphalt pump is revised after analyzing the data of volume efficiency with mathematical statistics, which is helpful to match the asphalt spray system and control the flow out of asphalt pump accurately. With equation deduction and experiment, dynamic of hydraulic system used in Synchronous Chipsealer is studied, which lay the theory foundation on improving the stability and efficiency from design and controlling.4 Simulation on hydraulic system used in Synchronous Chipsealer is done with AMESim; the results indicate that multi-circle parallel connected hydraulic system with constant pressure power is better than that with load-sensing pressure power at present, because the latter will oscillate when the multi circles work at the same time. This conclusion has been proved during the debug of Synchronous Chipsealer.5 Asphalt nozzle characteristics, such as flat jet shape, flow distribution, are studied with experiment, the results indicate that cross quality of asphalt distributing is not increased linearly follow the increase of fan overlap level, the best point usually exists between two whole overlap level, asphalt distributing quality is better than±4% at the 2.5 overlap level, meets the superior specified in standard; The distribution quality of Synchronous Chipsealer can be increased by spray asphalt of different flow rang with nozzle of different diameter

为了加快同步碎石封层技术的推广，提高同步碎石封层设备的作业质量，本文对同步碎石封层设备作业质量的影响因素与控制方法、液压系统的动力学特性和沥青喷嘴的喷洒特性等关键技术进行了深入细致的研究：1研究了影响同步碎石封层作业质量的因素，提出了采用联合密度分布置信概率对同步碎石封层中沥青洒布量和碎石撒布量的系统偏差和标准差指标进行综合评价的方法，克服了传统评价方法只能对单一指标进行评价的缺陷；2采用数理统计的方法，研究了沥青泵的容积效率特性，修正了沥青泵容积效率公式，为沥青喷洒系统的匹配和沥青泵出口流量的精确控制提供了依据；采用数理方程推导与试验相结合的方法，研究了同步碎石封层设备液压系统的动力学特性，为从设计和控制的角度提高同步碎石封层设备液压系统的稳定性和效率奠定了理论基础；3运用AMESim软件对采用负载敏感控制和恒压控制的两种同步碎石封层设备液压系统进行仿真，结果表明：负载敏感控制的并联液压系统在多回路同时工作时，由于液压泵排量控制参考压力不稳定，容易引发液压系统振荡，恒压控制的并联液压系统是目前技术条件下比较理想的同步碎石封层设备工作装置驱动方案；该结论亦通过同步碎石封层设备装机试验得到了验证。4采用试验的方法对沥青喷嘴的喷洒特性进行了研究，结果表明：沥青洒布的横向精度并不是随着喷洒扇面重叠度的增加线性增加，其最高点通常出现在二个重叠度之间的"半重叠位置"，"2.5重叠"洒布时，沥青的横向洒布精度≤±4%，可以达到国家相关标准中的优级标准；同步碎石封层设备还可以根据不同洒布量情况下的流量需求，采用不同通径的喷嘴进行喷洒，提高沥青洒布精度。

The main objective of this dissertation was to develop methodologies with capability of engineering application for simulating flow in fractured rock using discontinuum models. The study work includes three parts. In the first part, numerical methodology of three-dimensional discrete fracture network model casing on hybrid BEM-channel was presented, and the technique for improve the model's computing efficiency was also studied. Firstly in this part, computer simulation methodology based on the Baechermodel for generating network of discrete fractures was presented, which includes the follow details: probability distributions of fracture density,orientation, trace length, size, and aperture and estimation of their statistical parameters; stochastic models of fracture network; Monte-Carlo's simulation method; numerical simulation procedure and technicality.

给出了离散裂隙网络模型所依据的基本假定；发展了基于Baecher模型的离散裂隙网络计算机随机生成技术：详细地推导了单裂隙渗流和多裂隙相交网络渗流的边界单元法公式，发展了离散裂隙网络中稳态渗流的边界元数值技术，并且讨论了相关的具体数值技术细节，如角点的处理方法，单元的自动剖分等：描述了混合边界元—管流模拟方法及其数值实现；研究了裂隙网络的简化方法，并针对裂隙网络边界元法的特点提出了一种改进的分块三角分解法。

After introducing the set and probability theory, we will explain the random variable, discrete and continuous density distributions to students. Then, the students could learn the statistics in the following course.

从集合、基础机率理论出发，接着介绍随机变量，紧接之各式常用离散与连续机率密度分布，配合实例应用，让学生理解各项组成间之关连性，以为接下来之统计学之学习背景知识。

A fast finite mixture density function based adaptive importance sampling method is proposed to analysis structure failure probability and reliability sensitivity.

提出一种高效的基于混合密度函数的自适应重要抽样法，分析结构的失效概率及偏导型可靠性灵敏度。

After that, the model is validated safety and reliable by using the State Matrix Equation of the Petri network. According to the theory that the State Topological Map of Petri Network and Markov chain are isomorphous, the Markov chain of the model is deduced, by which some function indexes such as marked density of probability, average token-number, and usage of transformation can be calculated.

同时，本文运用Petri网系统的状态矩阵方程的方法对模型进行了可达性验证，经验证该模型是安全可达的，并根据随机Petri网的状态图同构马尔可夫链的原理，获得该模型的马尔可夫链，运用该MC链分析了模型的标记概率密度、位置中的平均标记数以及变迁的利用率等性能指标。

In the sequential density evolution analysis, we obtain the calculation expression of information density evolution by analyzing the probability measure based on the log likelihood ratio measurement.

在连续密度进化中，使用基于对数似然比量度上的概率测度进行分析，获得了消息密度进化的计算表达式。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。