查询词典 probability amplitude

The experimental results showed that the frictional factor periodically fluctuated with the time variable, and its amplitude was obviously affected by the change of Reynolds number and pipe diameters. The amplitude and average value of frictional factor both decreased with the increase of Re number, but the bigger the tube diameter was, the larger the amplitude of frictional factor was.

经实验研究发现，试验段内的摩擦阻力系数随时间变化有明显的周期性，雷诺数增加导致摩擦阻力系数的波动幅值降低、平均值减小，管径越粗使得摩擦阻力系数边的波动幅度越大。

modulation is the transmission of information to be loaded onto a high-frequency signal in the process.amplitude modulation using signal to control the rate of carrier,with its linear modulation signal changes,and maintain the same carrier frequency.in the amplitude modulation,in accordance with the strength of signals in the spectrum of different components,it is divided into ordinary am (amplitude modulation standard am),with inhibition of bilateral carrier am,the carrier single sideband suppression am.the main difference is the different methods and structure of the spectrum.

摘 要：调制是将要传送的信息装载到某一高频信号上去的过程。振幅调制是用调制信号去控制载波的幅度，使其随调制信号线性变化，而保持载波的频率不变。在幅度调制中，根据已调信号的频谱分量不同，分为普通调幅、抑制载波的双边带调幅、抑制载波的单边带调幅。它们的主要区别是产生的方法和频谱结构不同。

If the fault is out of the line, the calculation value of fault component integrated impedance reflects the line capacitive impedance with a greater amplitude; if the fault is on the line, it reflects the system impedance and line impedance with a relatively smaller amplitude. According to the amplitude of the fault component integrated impedance, the fault location can be distinguished.

在外部故障时，该比值反映输电线路上的容抗，其模值较大，内部故障时，该比值反映系统电源阻抗和线路阻抗，其模值相对较小，据此可以区分线路上的内部和外部故障。

If the fault is out of the line, the calculation value of fault component integrated impedance reflects the line capacitive impedance with a greater amplitude; if the fault is on the lines it reflects the system impedance and line impedance with a relatively smaller amplitude. According to the amplitude of the fault component integrated impedance, the fault location can be distinguished.

在外部故障时，该比值反映输电线路上的容抗，其模值较大，内部故障时，该比值反映系统电源阻抗和线路阻抗，其模值相对较小，据此可以区分线路上的内部和外部故障。

Home position shear tests of slope rock, point loading tests and indoor AMD simulation action tests in XingQiao concave slope had show shearing strength and coherence between body layers of quartz sandstone decrease by 13.2%~21.3% after attacked by AMD, the angle of internal friction between layers is decreased by 5.0%~7.5%, in general, AMD affects the rocks mechanical property at range of 60~100m interior the perpendicular slop. Data analysis shows: 1 The actions to slope are major focused on zone of weakness, shearing strength of slope foot and AMD centre are reduced by 52% and 64.7% separately. 2 The explosion stress wave of long distance field has obviously increasing influence to disturbance amplitude value of slope with increasing of the slope height and distance, the response of the top of slope and fault region are obvious as well as damage effect; the foot of slope is with smallest disturbance amplitude value, the disturbance amplitude value of the step close to free face is obviously bigger than the interior of slope. 3 With the coupling effect of the AMD and explosion loading, the stress distribution inside of slope mainly presents characters of explosion stress field; the area affected by AMD becomes a weak area of shearing stress.

新桥深凹露天矿边坡岩体的原位剪切试验、点载荷试验、室内模拟AMD作用试验表明：AMD蚀化后的石英砂岩，岩体层面间的抗剪强度和粘聚力减小的幅值约为13.2%~21.3%；层面间内摩擦角减小幅值在5.0%~7.5%之间；AMD一般影响垂直边坡体内部在60~100m范围内的岩体力学性质数值分析表明：AMD对边坡体的作用主要集中在弱化区域内，边坡体的底脚和AMD作用中心区域的剪切应力减少了52.0%和64.7%；(2)随着边坡体高度和距离的增加，远场爆炸应力波对边坡扰动幅值的增加趋势明显，边坡顶部和断层部位的响应突出，损伤效应明显；边坡底脚扰动幅值最小，临空面附近台阶的扰动幅值明显大于边坡体内部；(3)AMD与爆破荷载耦合作用后，边坡体内部的应力分布主要呈现出爆炸应力场的特征，AMD影响区域形成了一个剪切应力弱区。

The quantum amplitude amplification is the generalization of quantum Grover search algorithm. In this strategy, the Grover iteration has been replaced by two different quantum amplitude amplification operations. This makes it possible to collapse the system with probability 1, in other words, with certainty. The measurement operation in this scheme is only used to cancel the phase factor. Finally, one can use the admissible control to drive the system from the eigenstate to the target state and the control task is accomplished.

量子幅值放大是Grover迭代思想的一般化，该控制方案中采用两种不同的量子幅值放大操作替换了Grover迭代，使得期望本征态的概率幅的模在经过一定次数的迭代之后精确的等于1，然后借助于测量来消除相位因子，使系统的波函数确定性的塌缩到期望的本征态，最后再借助幺正演化，将系统从本征态控制到目标态，实现期望的控制任务。

To further understand and correctly master the notion of marginal spectrum in Hibert-huang transform, the linear property of marginal spectrum is demonstrated, an mistake to the notion of marginal spectrum in some documents is pointed out, and a new viewpoint about the essential difference between marginal spectrum and Fourier frequency spectrum is put forward by which the amplitude of Fourier frequency spectrum only represents the probability that a frequency objectively exists in a signal while the amplitude of marginal spectrum decides whether a frequency objectively exists in a signal.

为了深入理解和正确掌握希尔伯特－黄变换（Hilbert-Huang Transform，简称HHT）中的边际讲概念，证明了边际谱的线性性质，指出了文献中对边际谱概念的一种误解，提出了边际普与Fourier频谱之间本质区别的一种的新观点，即Fourier频谱的幅值只能反映频率在信号中实际存在的可能性大小，而边际谱的幅值则能真实反映频率在信号中是否存在。

Research on spectrum line refractive index of triangular prism with spectrometer measuring;2. The amplitude spectrum line and the amplitude spectrum function are proposed for the airborne particle scattering light signal,and their properties are studied in probability space.

针对粒度仪标定的准确度，在概率空间基础上，提出了尘埃粒子散射光信号幅度概率谱线和散射光信号幅度概率谱函数的概念，并对谱线在概率空间下的性质进行了研究。

According to the shortage of only considering the phase change of emitter and no refer to the amplitude change, based on the patterns of radar and decoy, using equal phase gradient method, while considering the influence about waviness of phase and amplitude of each, the decoying formula of the coherent decoy system is deduced, a damage probability model is drawn out.

针对目前多点源诱偏效果评估过程中，仅考虑各点源相位分量变化，未考虑幅度分量在空中变化的不足，基于雷达和诱饵的具体方向图，运用等相位面梯度分析法，同时考虑各点源辐射信号的相位和幅度波动的影响，对相参多诱饵系统的诱偏误差公式进行了推导。

In this algorithm, the direction-of-arrival is assumed to be a discrete random variable with a priori probability density function defined on a set of candidate points. Whether or not the secondary sample is required is based on the a posteriori probability distribution of a set of candidate point"s, which can be calculated from the array received signals. And then, the resulting beamformer is a weighted sum of the beamformers pointed at the latest set of point"s, which are combined according to the value of the a posteriori probability for each pointing direction.

在该算法中，期望信号的波达方向被看作是一个定义在若干候选波达方向上的离散随机变量，由阵列接收信号计算出各候选波达方向的后验概率，并将后验概率的分布作为是否需要进行二次采样的判断标准；随后，对各波达方向上的波束成形权值线性加权，便可得到自适应波束成形器，权系数为各候选波达方向的后验概率值。

The production moved off-Broadway to New York City, where she won the Joseph E. Calloway award for her performance, and was profiled in American Theater Magazine as one of ten young theater artists to watch.

生产提出过百老汇的新的纽约市，在那里她赢得了约瑟夫calloway奖，她的表现，并于异型在美国的战区杂志之一， 10战区的青年艺术家观赏。

It's a risk tradeoff, and I believe that adding test support code usually wins.

这是一个风险的权衡，我相信添加测试代码通常会占上风。