查询词典 pre-existence

The decomposition of chromosome was a main problem in construction of BAC library. DNA discompose would be avoided or decreased by adjustments of component and pH of chromosome extraction buffer or pre-electrophoresis for 6-8h before digestion. Identification of inter-species hybrids was a necessary step for creating a new germplasm. Two samples were selected from offspring of hybridization and backcross of a cross between cabbage and Chinese cabbage.

鉴定种间杂种是利用远缘杂交创造新种质时的一项重要工作，本研究运用细胞核DNA含量流式测定技术，对甘蓝和白菜杂交及回交各世代的DNA含量进行检测，以监控遗传物质在不同材料间的流向，并从回交二代植株群体中筛选了两个材料，具有和白菜差异不显著的DNA含量，可推断其为核质杂种。

No source code is a violation of the GPL and users should be wary of what may be a malicious client and I consider references to a pre-release a discourtesy to the programmers trying to prepare something for the community.

不提供代源码是违反了GPL的违法行为同时用户应该注意由此产生的恶意软件，但我个人认为对一个预览版下定义对于一个想为社团做点什么的程序员来说是非常无理的。

Every day brings the discovery of some new drug, and the consequent dictum that the remedy previously pre-scribed was all a mistake-that it had little or no real value whatever.

每一天都会有新的药品出现，由于新药物的出现，过去所开出的处方中的药物仿佛都变得不合理了，仿佛只有一。。。

The key point in this model is the description of the particle emissions from discrete levels to discrete levels in pre-equilibrium state.

在预平衡发射过程中关键在于描述从分立能级到分立能级的粒子发射。

We'll have to stay here overnight. Please take your belongings and pre pare to disembark.

我们将在这里过夜，请拿好随身物品准备下飞机。

Results and Conclusions: In addition to pre-disaster preparation, required practices for shelters and/or for the informal camping areas after a disaster include water supply, waste dispos al for garbage as well as nightsoil, laundries, disinfection and disinfestation, and health education. Although most of these practical measures employ the principles for rural environmental health, they are also applicable to post-disaster situations in urban areas.

结果与结论：这些措施包括灾前的准备及灾后人口迁徙及或人口临时集中收容所的下列环境卫生措施：给水、废弃物处理包括水肥处理、固体废弃物处理等；收容所之杂项卫生措施，包括沐浴、洗衣、消毒及除虫等；灾区受难者之卫生教育原则等，这些侧重传统乡村环境卫生的做法，亦然可以适用於都市受灾后的情况。

The development mode that has disjunct part of design and custom converts the develop process from responsive customization to pre-customization, which is the importance requirement of DFMC.

主要工作包括如下几个方面：（1）研究了DFMC对设计的要求和设计过程特点，提出了DFMC的研究框架，主要包括产品族开发和配置设计等内容，通过设计和定制分离的开发模式，实现了从反应式定制设计到预定制设计的转变，；（2）提出了多目标约束环境下的产品族设计方法，以及应用动态QFD响应变化的用户需求规划产品族的思路。

Pre-interventionresearches show that attribution to effort is positively effective for both winnerand loser,keeping individual's higher expectation of success and enforcingpersistent behavior during competition break.Whereas,positive effects ofattribution to ability and luck are limited.They have effects on expectation ofsuccess,which changes disparately to success and failure.

前干预研究表明：在直接的归因定向中，努力归因无论对成功者还是失败者都具有十分积极的效应，不仅能够促使个体保持较高的成功期望水平，而且可以增强竞赛间歇的坚持行为；而能力与运气归因则不然，它们的积极作用十分有限，仅仅表现在对成功期望的影响上，并将视成功还是失败发生迥然不同的变化。

It has important clinical value in pre- and post-operation of aortic dissecting aneurysm.

并在术前提供精确的解剖信息、术中监控和术后随访评估等各个过程中具备重要的临床应用价值。

According to generalized modular design, finite element models of each function module are built in ANSYS, which belong to pre-tightening frame of 45 MN forging press. MPC banded contact is used to simulate the connection of two fixed parts, while standard contact is used to simulate the connection of two dissociable parts, Deformations and stresses of the forging press under two working conditions are discussed, which provide good guides to the design of such kind of press.

依据广义模块化设计原理，在ANSYS中分别建立了45MN锻压机预紧组合机架各个功能模块的有限元模型，采用MPC绑定接触模拟闭合模块间的连接，标准接触模拟可开裂模块间的连接，分别讨论了空载和临界载荷两种状态下机架的变形和应力分布，计算方法和计算结果为此类机架的分析、设计提供参考和指导。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。