查询词典 pre-existence

By using the OP-10/JFC/ amyl alcohol non-ionic compound emulsifier as stabilizer, about 12% organosilicon was appended after the pre-polymerzation of MA, n-BMA, and MAA acrylate monomer was performed and the temperature was decreased to 62℃, and then the pH value was controlled in 7~8 after the polymerization.

结果表明，以OP-10聚醚渗透剂JFC/戊醇非离子复合乳化剂为稳定剂，在MA、n-BMA、MAA丙烯酸酯单体形成预聚体后降温至62℃，加入12%左右的有机硅单体，反应结束后控制pH值7~8，微乳液具有良好的稳定性，乳胶粒具有翻转型的核－壳结构。

Objective Probe into the clinic operation important function under standardized managment,preˉvent anaesthetize the dangerous factor and prevent various kinds of complication.

目的 探讨非住院手术在规范化管理下，杜绝麻醉危险因素，防止各种并发症的发生具有重要作用。

The data of the pre and post reconstruction of microwave time comparison system is collected and processed. The performance of one-way time transfer of previous system, the digital channel and the analog channel of the reconstructed system are analyzed, and the performance of two-way time comparison of the analog channel and the performance of GPS CV time comparison are analyzed too.

对改造前后的微波时间比对系统和GPS共视比对系统进行数据采集、处理，分析了改造前微波时间比对系统的单向时间传递性能，改造后的数字微波时间比对系统数字通道和模拟通道的单向时间传递性能，模拟通道的双向时间比对性能及GPS共视系统的时间比对性能。

To keep away from digital distortion caused by analog conversion,"Boutique Recording" applies APOGEE Analog to Digital Converter System in pre-recording, adopts Hi-End Prism Sound Digital to Analog Converter System during post mix and master disposal processes. In a word,"Boutique Recording" minimizes the distortion rate, and maintains the unique spirit of analog music.

为避免后期缩混时过多数字设备所造成的数码味，录音师坚持在前期录音与母带处理过程中使用传奇的模拟设备，在现场录音的同时进行立体声混音工作，为了避免模数转换时所造成的数字失真，达人艺典在前期录音中采用APOGEE模数转换系统，后期缩混及母带制作采用顶级HI-END厂牌Prism Sound数模转换系统，将失真率减到最低，保持独有的模拟音乐味道。

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

As the main streamofthe Chinese traditional culture ,Confucian ethics has establishedits"basic morality"or"mother morality"dur—ing the historical development of more than 2000years·The Confucianismthat flies its own color was formedthroughthe contention of a hundredschools ofthought duringthe pre －Qin period·When Dong Zhongshu made his suggestionthat restrained all the other schools but onlyrespectedConfucianismin Han Dynasty,the dominant position of Confucianismwas establishedin Chinese society·By virtue ofincorporatingthings of di—verse nature with unity of opposites inthe later dynasties ,the idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming Dynasties was developed which madeConfucianism,aoismand Buddhisminto a confluence unity·And the development of the modern Chinese society that criticized Confucianistthought would promote us to make ati melyreflection ofthe Confucianist ethics·Jung's analytical psychology provides us with aspecial angle ofresearchfor the comparison ofthe moral ideas between East and West

作为中国传统文化之主体的儒家伦理，已经确立了中国传统文化的"基德"或"母德"，这是在长达2000多年历史发展中形成的，经过先秦时期的百家争鸣，形成了独树一帜的儒家思想，董仲舒提出"抑黜百家、独尊儒术"的建议，确立了儒家在中国社会的统治地位。经过以后历代的兼收并蓄和对立融合，发展成为儒、道、佛融合一体的宋明理学，近代中国社会对儒家思想的批判性发展，促使人们对儒家伦理思想进行时代的反思。荣格的分析心理学思想为东西方道德观的比较提供了一种独特的研究视角。

The stone remains of a pre-Columbian Anasazi settlement, Cliff Palace, bear witness to the rich cultural history of Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado.

石头仍然是一个前哥伦布anasazi解决，悬崖宫殿，见证丰富的文化历史的梅萨弗德国家公园在科罗拉多州。

Photo Gallery: National Parks The stone remains of a pre-Columbian Anasazi settlement, Cliff Palace, bear witness to the rich cultural history of Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado.

意译：国家公园图片画廊。石头仍然是一个前哥伦布anasazi解决，悬崖宫殿，见证丰富的文化历史的梅萨弗德国家公园在科罗拉多州。

In 2003, the pre-stressed ANCHOR BOLT was awarded Outstanding Award of new product by China General Machine Components Industry Association.

2003年，公司生产的"预应力锚固螺栓"获中国机械通用零部件工业协会颁发的优秀新产品特等奖。

YM-tensioned anchor client 1, YM strand tensioned anchor client system includes: YM15 anchor (for §15.2,§15.7mm strand) YM13 anchor (for §12.7,§12.9mm Steel Stranded) BM15, BM13-type flat anchor YMZ15, YMZ13-ring anchors (applied to the structure of cyclic stress) 2, YML Series connectors include: single as used prestressing tendon lengthening, usually with in pre-tensioned law; porous as the next long prestressed beam, normally used in the continuous beam. 3, P-type anchorage system for P-type anchorage system includes extrusion anchor (from compression set and a triangle composed of copper wire extrusion spring), anchor anchor plate, spiral reinforcement, constraint circle bellows.

YM张拉端锚具1、YM钢绞线张拉端锚固体系包括：YM15锚具（适用于ф15.2、ф15.7mm钢绞线）YM13锚具（适用于ф12.7、ф12.9mm钢绞线）BM15、BM13型扁锚YMZ15 、YMZ13 型环锚2、YML型系列连接器包括：单孔作为接长预应力筋用，通常用于先张法中；多孔作为接长预应力束，通常用于连续梁中。3、P型锚固体系P型锚固体系包括挤压锚具（由挤压套和三角形铜丝挤压簧组成）、锚固锚板、螺旋筋、约束圈、波纹管。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐