查询词典 pre-estimation

Pole-placement and Inner model tuning methods are discussed finally;(2) For the linear derivative action, several different tracker-differentiators are presented to improve the quality of the derivative signals;(3) A neural network tuning method is given for the nonlinear PID controller which includes the above tracker-differentiator;(4) For the linear integral action, a nonlinear pre-phase integrator is studied in order to decrease the phase delay problem; Simulation results show that the nonlinear PID controller including the pre-phase integrator posseses better performance in both fast and stable property, and strong ability of anti-disturbance;(5) A simple optimal criteria is introduced to optimize the parameters of the nonlinear PID controller based on the pre-phase integrator.

仿真研究表明，由此形成的非线性复合积分PID控制系统，具有快速而平稳的过渡过程和超强的干扰抑制能力；(5)采用物理意义简单明确的目标函数的优化设计方法，对上述非线性PID控制器进行参数整定，达到了满意控制典型工业过程的目的。通过对直线电机伺服系统的仿真研究，表明该种非线性控制器具有同时跟踪多个目标的优越性能。

Post-secondary (Sub-degree course)（专上教育: Including all Higher Certificate/ Higher Diploma/ Professional Diploma/ Associate Degree/ Pre-Associate Degree/ Endorsement Certificate/ Associateship or equivalent courses in Universities/ Vocational Training Council, other sub-degree courses in Universities funded by University Grants Committee, Higher Certificate/ Higher Diploma/ Professional Diploma/ Associate Degree/ Pre-Associate Degree or equivalent courses in former Polytechnics/ other statutory or approved Postsecondary Colleges, Higher Diploma/ Professional Diploma/ Associate Degree/ Pre-Associate Degree or equivalent courses in other colleges providing postsecondary courses, sub-degree courses in Hong Kong Institute of Education, Sub-degree level nurse training courses/ dental training courses, Distance learning sub-degree level courses and other sub-degree level courses

包括大学／职业训练局的高级证书／高级文凭／专业文凭/副学士/副学士先修/增修证书/院士衔或同等课程、由大学资助委员会资助的其它大学非学位课程、前理工学院/其它法定或认可的专上学院的高级证书/高级文凭/专业文凭/副学士/副学士先修或同等课程、其它专上学院开设的高级文凭/专业文凭/副学士/副学士先修或同等课程、香港教育学院的非学位课程、护士训练非学位课程、牙科训练非学位课程及遥距非学位课程。

This paper presented the research and exploration of mechanism and technics as well as the design of the magnetic circuit of this new compound machining, based on above, establishing the parameter model, meantime, analyzing influential effects on productivity of magnetic and EDM compound machining the holes through large numbers of experiments, including velcoity contrast experiments of pre-compound and after-compound machining with the change of current, velcoity contrast experiments of pre-compound and after-compound machining with the change of magnetic induction, velcoity contrast experiments of pre-compound and after-compound machining with the change of impulse width, experiments of the superficial roughness, experiments of the Electrode wastage, and intersectant experiments analysis as well as the change experiments of current waveforms. Through a number of experiments we analysed the influential effects of magnetic and EDM compound machining, compared the factors with EDM by oneself. A large of experiment records and deducibility have demonstrated that the productivity of magnetic and EDM compound machining is developed by 20%～400% than traditional EDM.

本论文对磁场电火花复合加工这种新的复合加工的机理、工艺和复合加工的磁路设计进行了研究和探索，在此基础上，建立了磁场电火花复合加工的参数模型，同时通过大量的随着电流变化磁场电火花复合前后加工速度对比实验、磁感应强度变化时的加工速度变化实验、随脉冲宽度变化的加工速度实验、表面粗糙度实验、电极损耗量实验、磁场电火花复合加工正交实验分析、电流波形变化等实验，实验分析了影响磁场电火花小孔加工效率的因素，并且跟单一的电火花加工中的影响因数进行了比较，大量的实验数据和理论推导证明磁场电火花复合加工比传统的单一电火花加工的效率提高了20％～400％左右。

Depending on this, we concluded the difference of Zeitgeist between mid ages and pre-modern literature on merchant spirit: either the dominant idea of the mid ages poetry is "powerful commerce leads to underdeveloped farming", or the idea that focuses on "mutual benefits" based on court and local policy; but the beginning of pre-modern literature----- the agreement between scholar-bureaucrats and merchants comes from lightheartedness, joy, sentimental expression and lyrical description expressed by middle period of Ming merchant poetry that deeply reflected the citizenly cultural spirits. Contrast to the poetry on merchant of middle literature, this is the ultimate transformation, showed the mostly characteristic of pre-modern literature priorly .

以此为界说，可以归纳出中世、近世涉及商贾诗歌的不同的时代精神：中世时期的诗歌或以"贾雄则农伤"为其主导思想，或主要着眼于朝廷与地方政策的层面张扬"农商兼利"的思想；而近世文学的起点———明中叶涉及商贾的诗歌往往在自由自在、安享快乐及张扬情欲、舒展性灵等方面有士商心灵的契合，在深层次上反映了市民文化精神，相对于中世涉及商贾的诗歌有根本性的转变，较早地显示出近世文学的主要特征。

Sub-articles 24 and 26 of UCP 500 allow for two scenarios:(1) where the transport document (non-negotiable sea waybill or multimodal transport document) bears a pre-printed wording to the effect that the goods have been loaded on board (the question relates to sea shipments) or similar, then this date is deemed to be the date of shipment (the emphasis being ''pre-printed'' and not by an addition at a later time); and (2) where the transport document (non-negotiable sea waybill or multimodal transport document) bears a pre-printed wording to the effect that the goods have been ''received for shipment'' or similar, then the document should bear a separate notation showing the date the goods were shipped on board.

"UCP500的第24条款项和第26条款项允许有两种情形：（1）如果运输单据（不可转让海运单或多式运输单据）带有预先印就的货物已装船词语（这个问题与海洋运输有关）或类似词语，该日期将被认为是装运日期（这里强调的是"预先印就"而不是后来增加的内容）；（2）如果运输单据（不可转让海运单或多式运输单据）带有预先印就的货物已经"收妥待运或类似词语，那么单据应当带有一个表明货物装船日期的单独的批注。

Their sex proportion、pretransplant Hb、pre- and post-transplant BP、diuretic therapy、immunosuppressive drugs、native kidney nephrectomy、pre-transplant lymphotoxin cross test and prePTE S cr/BUN were recorded and analysed. The results showed that those nonAza treated hypertensive male recipients with higher pre-transplant Hb and excellent allograft function were susceptible to PTE.

分别记录其性别组成、移植前Hb、移植前后高血压发病情况、利尿剂应用、免疫抑制药、自体肾是否切除、移植后发病前SCr／BUN及移植前淋巴毒交叉试验，并与总体对照比较，发现PTE好发于移植前Hb较高、移植前后血压较高、不服用Aza而肾功能良好的男性肾移植病人。

A steel bar is washed and dried, and then put into a glass pipe which is sealed to obtain stirring magneton; a mixed solvent of Gamma-methacrylate oxide propyl trimethoxy silane and methanol is prepared and added with an organic base to obtain a pre-bonding solvent; the stirring magneton is immerged into the pre-bounding solvent, and the outer surface of the glass pipe of the stirring magneton is bonded with a layer of silane substance with alkenyl; a reactive monomer mixture and a pore-forming agent mixed solvent are evenly mixed and then added into a container, the stirring magneton after the pre-bounding is put into the container which is sealed and then put into a water bath; after reaction, the container is removed, the stirring magneton coated with a polymer is taken out and put into a extractor and extracted by using a solvent; or the stir bar is immersed into the solvent till no impurity can be checked in the solvent, thereby obtaining the product.

将铁条清洗干燥，放入玻璃管内，密封得搅拌磁子；配制γ-甲基丙烯酸氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷与甲醇的混合溶液，加入有机碱得预键合溶液，将搅拌磁子浸入预键合溶液，在搅拌磁子的玻璃管外壁键合一层带烯基的硅烷化物质；将反应单体混合剂和致孔剂混合溶液混匀后倒入容器中，将预键合后的搅拌磁子放入容器，密封后置于水浴中，反应后除去容器，取出涂有聚合物的搅拌磁子，置于提取器中，以溶剂提取，或将搅拌棒置于溶剂中浸泡至溶剂中无杂质检出，得产物。

The result showed that IFN-γ was distributed over 20 nucleus of the hypothalamus, such as nucleus mamillaris medialis, nucleus pre-opticus medialis, area anterior hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis, nucleus reunions, nucleus paraventricularis, nucleus supra optic, and etc. Many of IFN-γ positive nerve fibers were found in supra optic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, nucleus mamillaris medialis and etc. Nerve fibers and astrocytes IFN-γ immunoreactive positive cells spreaded in paraventricular nucleus, nucleus pre-opticus lateralis, nucleus pre-opticus medialis and etc. At the same time, IFN-γ is also observed obviously in adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. IFN-γ also expresses in follicular and corpus luteum.

结果显示，IFN-γ分布于乳头体内侧核、视前内侧核、下丘脑前区、腹内侧核、连接核、室旁核、视上核等20个核团中，各部分核团细胞着色程度深浅不一；在视上核、室旁核分泌部乳头体内侧核等有大量的阳性神经纤维；同时在室周核、视前外侧核、视前内侧核等13个核团中散布有一些阳性星形胶质细胞，与阳性神经细胞交错共存；腺垂体中腺细胞和神经垂体中神经纤维均有IFN-γ表达；卵泡和黄体中也有IFN-γ存在。

To No. 20 are respectively black mudstone, black mudstone ( Caitun mining area of Benxi Basin,Paleozoic), dark grey gangue (Caitun mining area of Benxi Basin, Paleozoic), brown shale(Caitun mining area of Benxi Basin, Paleozoic), brown grey shale(The West Opencut Coal Mine of Fushun Basin, Cenozoic), grey silty mudstone(Haizhou Opencut Coal Mine of Fuxin Basin, Mesozoic), black grey gangue(Haizhou Opencut Coal Mine of Fuxin Basin, Mesozoic), grey yellow clay(Jianping County, Chaoyang City, its era to be determined), grey silicon slate( Qianshan Mountain of Anshan City, pre-Paleozoic), grey phyllite(Qianshan Mountain of Anshan City, pre-Paleozoic), granite-gneiss(Qianshan Mountain of Anshan City, pre-Paleozoic), granite(Mount Yiwulu, its era to be determined), diorite(Mount Yiwulu, its era to be determined), black basalt(The West Opencut Coal Mine of Fushun Basin, Cenozoic), dark purple andesite( Mount Guiyunhua of Zhuanghe City, Mesozoic), fragment of brick-tile-pottery-porcelain( from the building site of Panjin City), coal cinder( from the boiler room of Heji Road of Panjin City), cement( from the building site of Panjin City) and slag (from Bohai Stockroom of Liaohe Oilfield produced in Anshan City).

2-20号样品分别是黑色泥岩、黑色泥岩、深灰色煤矸石、褐色页岩、褐灰色油页岩、灰色粉砂质泥岩(阜新海州露天矿、中生代)、黑灰色煤矸石(阜新海州露天矿、中生代)、灰黄色膨润土、灰色硅质板岩、灰色千枚岩、花岗片麻岩、花岗岩、闪长岩、黑色玄武岩、暗紫色安山岩、砖瓦陶瓷碎片、粉煤灰、水泥、矿渣(鞍山产、取自辽河油田渤海库)，这19个样品用来代表工业、采矿、冶炼、建筑等行业产生的固体废弃物。

Choose the Nissan Silvia S15 body or the muscular Toyota Soarer to suit your style, they're both pre-painted, pre-trimmed, pre-applied decals, and both come with chrome Volk TE-37 wheels and drift tires for authentic JDM drift looks.

选择日产西尔维娅s15机构或肌肉丰田soarer ，以适应你的风格，他们都预先画，预裁剪，预申请贴花，都来与铬volk特37的车轮和轮胎漂移为真确jdm漂移期待。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。