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The E-TOF will also be feasible and practical to assist chemists in screening the optimal reaction condition or evaluating the overall efficiency of different catalytic systems for a specific asymmetric reaction.4.For the first time,we explored chiralγ-hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters,which were prepared via asymmetric alkynylation,as key intermediates to the synthesis of chiralγ-butyrolactones. This convergent and enantioselective approach to chiralγ-butyrolactones is practical and easily handled with protecting group free.

这一概念包括反应产率、对映选择性、配体用量以及反应时间四个重要反应参数，不仅适用同一反应不同催化体系的横向综合性评价，而且适用于某一特定反应催化体系的优化过程，有助于研究人员选择最佳的反应条件。4、我们发展了以手性γ-羟基-α，β-炔酸酯为关键中间体完成了手性γ-丁内酯类天然产物的对映立体选择性全合成，该关键中间体能够以我们的催化体系方便的对映选择性合成，之后的官能团转换方法成熟，易于操作，无需进行繁琐的官能团保护和脱保护过程，绿色经济。

For the first time, the penalty hybrid/mixed finite element method is applied to practical engineering problems. Performance of structures under wind actions is analysed. A practical program system is also developed for the computation of aerostatic coefficients.

本文首次将罚杂交/混合有限元运用于实际工程问题中，计算分析了桥梁结构在风荷载作用下的行为，建立了一个实用的计算空气静力系数程序系统。

The paper is mainly on the process control of NPP management from the view of proprietor, so it is of great pertinence for it involves the process controlling system, checking methods for the schedule, adjustment and optimization as well as various factors and analysis that influence the overall process. Meanwhile, the paper summarizes more practical checking and comparative methods as well as the application of software from the project management instead of discoursing on the adjustment for the original schedule from the angle of confusing network optimization, it is in this unique style that the research is naturally of more practical and appliable significance for the management of process control in nuclear plant.

本文主要从业主方面研究核电站项目管理的进度控制，从扩建工程的进度控制体系，进度计划的检查方法、计划的优化与调整，影响进度的各种原因及分析，并采取的有效措施，因而本文具有鲜明的针对性；本文未从复杂的网络优化的角度去论述对原进度计划进行调整，而是总结了项目管理中应用较多的检查、比较方法及项目管理软件的应用，从而使得本文的研究具有较强的可操作性，和实际应用意义。

Combined with practical work and based upon analysis of advanced water prospecting advanced pre-grouting reinforcement scheme is proposed;at the same time practical construction technology is elaborated from construction of sealing batholite ,reinforcement range of curtain grouting,embedment of pipe,grouting construction process and other aspects.

结合工程概况，通过对超前探水情况的分析，提出采用超前预注浆的加固方案，并从止浆墙或止浆岩盘的施作、帷幕注浆的加固范围、孔口管的埋设、注浆施工过程等方面阐述了其施工技术，最后对注浆效果进行了检查评定，为今后类似工程的施工提供参考依据。

The paper studies the application history of Bupleurum root and attempts to analysis the relationship between the TCM theory and practical system, the relationship in practical system including formulae and syndrome, Chinese material medica and syndrome....

本文以柴胡的应用史为研究对象，以药物应用为切入点，对中医药理论体系与实践体系以及实践体系内部的方证、药证之间的关系进行了新的尝试性研究。

The characteristic of internet ethics was decided by the charac- teristic of internet, the relation between internet and practical society and the difference of internet and practical society on the moral standard.

网络的特征、网络与现实社会以及二者在道德标准上的差异，决定了网络道德的特点。

The author holds that it is an important research task of the contemporariness of Marxist theory of literature and art to study the inner mechanism of perceptual practical emotions from writers of literary theory,to explore the inner relations between reapperance and perceptual practical activities.

作者认为从感性实践主体的角度出发，研究文艺复现人的感性实践情感的内在机制，探讨这种复现与感性实践活动的内在联系是马克思主义文艺理论当代性的重要课题。

On basis of practical environment and practice experience, the theory of Eclectics and Modernism are clarified. Then the similarity and difference are showed. Finally the author supplies some suggestion to the practical environment.

对执业环境和设计经历的分析为剖析折衷主义、现代主义建筑设计思想提供了客观依据，再以建筑实例分析两人在建筑思想上的共性与差异，并最终对建筑师的执业环境进行了思考。

Traditional Western management thoughts based on entitative philosophical humanity is of model management, while those based on practical philosophical humanity of Marxism is of practical one.

以实体人性论为哲学基础的西方传统管理思想是一种模式管理，以马克思主义实践人性论为哲学基础的管理思想是一种实践管理。

Because it is not practical to use numerical ephemerides with a large volume of data to describe the kinematics of component stars in a star catalogue, a kinematics model, as simple and practical as possible, is needed for the hierarchical triple star systems.

因为在实用星表参考架中不宜采用数据量较大的数值历表来描述子星的运动，所以有必要针对等级三星系统建立尽可能简单实用的运动学模型。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。