查询词典 potestas

But between these widely distant epochs there is an interval of obscurity, and we can only guess at the causes which permitted the Patria Potestas to last as long as it did by rendering it more tolerable than it appears. The active discharge of the most important among the duties which the son owed to the state must have tempered the authority of his parent if they did not annul it.

我们从最古罗马社会的构成中所能得到的就是这些，因为除非我们假定原始家族集团的成员应该把他们各式各样的劳动所得都放在其共有的财产中，而在同时他们又不能把在事前没有经过考虑的个人债务来拘束它，则我们就很难就原始家族集团作出一个概念。

The general evolution of Roman Law credit notion can be divided into three stages:t ransition from personal credit to property credit;coexisting pattern of credit notion and patria potestas notion;extension and development of Roman Law credit notion.

罗马法债权理念发展的一般历程分为三个阶段，即，人身性债权向财产性债权的过渡形成、债权理念与家父权理念的并存格局，以及罗马法债权理念的扩充发展。

On a few systems of law the family organisation of the earliest society has left a plain and broad mark in the lifelong authority of the Father or other ancestor over the person and property of his descendants, an authority which we may conveniently call by its later Roman name of Patria Potestas.

罗马的"家父权"必然地是我们原始父权的典型，但作为一个文明生活的制度，不论我们从其对人的影响或对物的效果而论，都是同样难以理解的。遗憾的是，在它的历史上存在着的一个鸿沟，现在已无法更完全地填满了。

We have several times laid down that early law takes notice of Families only; this is the same thing as saying that it only takes notice of persons exercising Patria Potestas, and accordingly the only principle on which it enfranchises a son or grandson at the death of his Parent, is a consideration of the capacity inherent in such son or grandson to become himself the head of a new family and the root of a new set of Parental Power.

我们曾几次说过，早期法律只着眼于"家族"；这也就是说，它只着眼于行使"家父权"的人：因此，它在父死之时解放其子或孙所依据的唯一原则，是在考虑这个子或孙有没有使其本身成为一个新家族的首领和一套新"父权"的根子的能力。

I do not know how the operation and nature of the ancient Patria Potestas can be brought so vividly before the mind as by reflecting on the prerogatives attached to the husband by the pure English Common Law, and by recalling the rigorous consistency with which the view of a complete legal subjection on the part of the wife is carried by it, where it is untouched by equity or statutes, through every department of rights, duties, and remedies.

我们只要回想一下纯粹英国普通法所赋与丈夫的各种特权，并回想一下，在普通法还没有经衡平法或制定法修正的部分中，在权利、义务和救济等各方面严格地坚持妻在法律上必须完全从属的见解，我们将对古代"家父权"的运用和性质，获得一个鲜明的印象。

When a Roman citizen adrogated a son, i.e. took a man, not already under Patria Potestas, as his adoptive child, he succeeded universally to the adoptive child''s estate, i.e. he took all the property and became liable for all the obligations.

当一个罗马公民收养一个养子，就是说把原来不在"家父权"下的人收纳为其养子，他就概括地继承其养子的财产，也就是说他取得了养子全部财产和承担了其养子全部义务。

Under the ancient Roman law which may be taken as their type, the son who was delivered from Patria Potestas by the death of his Father or Grandfather remained under guardianship till an epoch which for general purposes may be described as arriving with his fifteenth year,. but the arrival of that epoch placed him at once in the full enjoyment of personal and proprietary independence.

根据可以作为其典型的古代罗马法的规定，因"父"或"祖父"死亡而免除"家父权"的家子，应仍处在监护之下，一般讲到他十五岁的时候为止；但一到这个时候，他就能立刻完全享有人格和财产独立之权。

The empire of the father had indeed received one of the earliest blows directed at it through the recognition of Emancipation as a legitimate usage, but the law, still considering the Patria Potestas to be the root of family connection, persevered in looking on the emancipated children as strangers to the rights of Kinship and aliens from the blood.

把"解放"承认为一个合法的惯例，真是针对父权王国的最早的一个打击，但是法律虽然仍旧认为"家父权"是家族关系的根本，却坚持把解放之子视作"亲属"权外的陌生人和血缘外的外人。

The true enigma of the Patria Potestas does not reside here, but in the slowness with which these proprietary privileges of the parent were curtailed, and in the circumstance that, before they were seriously diminished, the whole civilised world was brought within their sphere.

对于后期罗马社会的构成，本不在本文研究范围之内，但我不妨在这里说明，有人认为安托宁那卡刺卡拉规定把罗马公民权赋予其全部臣民的措施并不重要，这种意见是缺乏根据的。

These systems was effected ; exhibiting the stages in the development of the family system, as based upon the patria-potestas , and of agnatic kinship as deduced therefrom.

在尼尔的阶段，血族关系将在两个方面是尤其重要的——（1），决定族内结婚的权利；（2），决定继承的权利。可以预期只通过女性的血族关系制度将第一次在继承方面失去重要性。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。