查询词典 postnatal

PubMed abstract: Gramicidin perforated-patch-clamp recordings in brain slices were used to obtain an accurate assessment of the developmental change in the GABAA receptor reversal potential in embryonic and early postnatal rat neocortical cells including neuroepithelial precursor cells, cortical plate neurons, and postnatal neocortical neurons.

PubMed摘要：大脑部分的短杆菌肽穿孔片钳记录，用於获得胚胎中GABBA受体逆向电压发展改变的精确估计，以及出生后大鼠早期新生皮层细胞，包括神经上皮先驱细胞、皮层板神经元和出生后新皮层神经元的估计。

IL-1βmRNA expression in the developmental brain in Wistar rat: IL-1β mRNA in hippocampus, cerebral cortex and subcortex was detected by postnatal day 1 and gradually increased with development, reached a peak at postnatal day 21, and then gradually decreased to lower level at adult; In P77PMC rat, IL-1β mRNA expression was similar to Wistar rat before postnatal day 14, then gradually increased and surpassed Wistar rat at postnatal day 28, reached a peak in adult.

原位杂交显示谷氨酸诱导Wistar大鼠惊厥和P77PMC大鼠听源性惊厥后脑内IL-1βmRNA表达情况。结果发现，两种不同惊厥模型大鼠惊厥后脑内IL-1βmRNA表达存在明显的差异。谷氨酸引起惊厥诱导脑内皮层、海马和丘脑IL-1βmRNA表达增高的程度远较P77PMC大鼠听源性惊厥为低，而且惊厥后IL-1βmRNA表达增加较慢，于4-8h达高峰，而听源性惊厥可于惊厥后2h迅速达高峰。但两种形式惊厥诱导脑内IL-1βmRNA表达最高的部位均是海马。

Results: During the development of spinal cord. NIDD mRNA was highly expressed at embryo 16 d and at postnatal 1 d, and co-localized with nNOS in the undifferenti ated ventral horn, as well in white matter. And then it decreased significantly till postnatal 12w. nNOS mRNA was highly expressed from postnatal 1 d to 3 d. The high expression of NIDD mRNA appeared at the 8 hour after spinal cord injury, and co-localized with nNOS in neurons of ventral horn, intermedial zone, the area around central canal and dorsal horn, and recovered to the normal at dry 7 day after SCI.

结果：大鼠发育过程中，胚胎16 d的大鼠脊髓中可见NIDD mRNA的高表达，在生后1d，与nNOS共表达于尚未分化成熟的前角，在白质也见NIDD的阳性信号成年后呈低表达；nNOS mRNA于生后1~3 d出现表达高峰；脊髓损伤后NIDD mRNA表达明显增多，在8 h到达高峰，分布于脊髓前角，中间带、中央管周围及后角nNOS阳性的神经元，7 d恢复至正常水平；nNOS mRNA在损伤后8 h达到高峰，1 d降低至正常水平。

Results: The results showed that:(1) The three types of NOS immunoreactivity were not found in rat testis until 30 days after birth;(2) NOS1 immunoreactivity was found in a few spermatocytes in rat testes on postnatal 30 days, and in spermatozoa present at the lumen surface of seminiferous tubules and some Leydig cells on postnatal 60 days;(3) NOS2 immunoreactivity appeared in a few spermatocytes, Sertoli cells and peritubular myoid cells on postnatal 30 days. On postnatal 60 days, NOS2 immunoreactivity appeared in some Leydig cells, peritubular myoid cells, Sertoli cells, very few spermatocytes and the head of immature spermatozoa in some seminiferous tubules;(4) NOS3 immunoreactivity was detected in a few spermatocytes on postnatal 30 days, as well as in the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels on postnatal 30 days and 60 days.

结果：(1)生后4、7、14 d大鼠睾丸未见3种NOS免疫阳性反应；(2)生后30 d少数精母细胞及生后60 d生精小管腔面精子和间质细胞呈NOS1阳性；(3)生后30 d少数精母细胞、支持细胞和管周类肌细胞呈NOS2阳性，而生后60 d NOS2阳性反应见于睾丸间质细胞、管周类肌细胞、支持细胞、极少数精母细胞和不成熟精子头部；(4)生后30 d睾丸内少数精母细胞和血管壁呈NOS3阳性，生后60 d NOS3阳性反应仅见于血管壁。

Continuous suture can relieve the postoperation wound pain and reduce postnatal limitation of activity. It is helpful in puerperant break and breast feeding, and can promote postnatal quality of mothers' life.

连续缝合法用于会阴侧切术可明显减轻产后切口疼痛、活动受限性，利于产妇休息和母乳喂哺，提高产后生活质量。

Except 58 cases missed and 5 cases induced abortion, we followed up 163 cases(241 kidneys) in different gestational age and postnatal period. Among them, 209 kidneys (86.72%) were discovered pyelectasis between 5mm to l0mm. The pyelectasis of 30 kidneys(12.45%) was between l0mm to l5mm, and that of 2 kidneys(0.83%) was thicker than 15mm. Follow-up result is as follow: 137 cases(214 kidneys) were recovered in normal in fetus period or postnatal 15 months. Their pyelectasis was thinner than 5mm(88.80%). Among them, 16 cases(2l kidneys) were recovered in fetus period(8.71%). 121 cases(193 kidneys) were recovered in postnatal 15 months(80.09%). The rest 20 kidneys' pyelectasis was between 5mm to l0mm(8.30%). 4 kidneys' pyelectatis was between 10mm to l5mm(1.66%), and 3 kidneys' pyelectasis was thicker than l5mm(1.24%).

结果：发现一侧或双侧肾盂扩张≥5mm的胎儿有226例，除58例失访，5例引产外，对163例241只肾脏在不同孕龄及出生后的孩子进行了随访。241只肾脏按肾盂扩张在5~10mm间2的只（占86.72%），在10~15mm间30只（占12.45%），≥15mm者2只（占0.83%）分组观察，随访结局如下：137例214只肾盂在胎儿期或孩子出生后15个月内恢复正常，肾盂扩张＜5mm（占88.80%）：其中16例21只肾盂在胎儿期恢复至5mm以下（占8.71%），121例193只肾盂在孩子出生后15个月内恢复至5mm以下（占80.09）。20只肾盂扩张在5~10mm间（占8.30%）。4只肾盂扩张在10~15mm间（占1.66%）。3只肾盂扩张≥15mm（占1.24%）。

At postnatal 1st week immunopositive reaction of NGF was detected mainly in sustentacular cells and the spermatogonia also showed positive staining. NGF positive staining in the testes was observed in interstitial cells, spermatogenetic cells, sustentacular cells and Leydig cells at 3rd week. After the postnatal 5th week, NGF-positive immunostaining was also detected in intersitial cells and spermatogenetic cells, but the intensity of reaction was weaker than that at 1st and 3rd weeks.

免疫组化定位分析显示：睾丸组织的神经生长因子蛋白表达于小鼠出生后的各个时期内，1周龄睾丸组织免疫阳性反应主要位于支持细胞，精原细胞也有着色；3周龄睾丸组织的间质细胞、各级生精细胞、支持细胞、管周肌样细胞表达均呈现阳性；5周后的睾丸组织内神经生长因子呈低水平表达，主要表达于间质细胞和生精细胞内。

Dissociate cortex cells from early postnatal wistar rats (postnatal hour 24) with DMEM were supplemented by horse serum and N〓 medium, and non-neuronal cell division was halted by cytosine arabinoside. As the result, enough neurons with extensive and synaptically active network were produced.

实验各组分别在造模后3、7、15天取材，观察动物一般情况、脑系数、脑组织含水量、脑组织HE、Nissl's、Mallory染色、投射电镜形态学变化以及TUNEL染色显示凋亡细胞等指标变化，并采用计算机图像分析系统对相关形态学指标进行定量分析。

Methods utricular sensory epithelia of postnatal day 1 rats were isolated and digested by thermolysin, then were transferred to a solution containing 0.125% trypsin and 0.125% collagenase for 8 min at 37℃ to harvest the pure utricular sensory epithelial cells.

取出生1天（ postnatal day 1， p1 ）大鼠的椭圆囊感觉上皮，嗜热菌蛋白酶消化处理，获得纯椭圆囊感觉上皮，再采用消化法进行原代培养，培养基为dmem。

These results suggest that in the central nervous system of small mammals, AP waveforms mature rapidly in many types of neurons, thus, coordinated activities in neuronal circuits may occur. In early postnatal development, GABA receptor mainly mediates an excitation effect, depolarizes P6 MGBv neurons and dramatically increases the frequency of AP firing. Inhibition of GABA receptor matures slowly along with increment of postnatal days.

结论大鼠MGBv神经元的AP波形成熟较快，可在中枢神经系统的神经元环路中产生协调性的活动；在MGBv神经元发育早期，GABA主要作为兴奋性神经递质而发挥作用，它可使P6的MGBv神经元产生去极化，AP发放频率显著增加，随着出生后日龄的增加，GABA受体的抑制作用才逐渐发育成熟。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了