查询词典 populations

This has been the most important factor by far in the ageing of populations around the world.

迄今为止，这已是导致全球老龄化最重要的因素。

This may be valuable for diverse populations with high rates of diabetes and albuminuria.

这对于糖尿病和白蛋白尿高发的不同的人群可能有用。

In small populations, fixation to a single surviving allele can occur in just a few generations.

在小的群体中，对继续存在的等位基因的固定，可能在短短的几代里发生。

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

India and China's vast populations mean they are alluring publishing markets.

庞大的人口数量，使印度和中国成为诱人的出版市场。

In our research, the genetic identity of 7 populations of 2 species Ambrosia calculated by the Nei method showed that were very similar and above 0.909 in every population.

各种群的遗传一致度较高，均在0.909以上，说明种群之间的差异和分化较小，2种豚草的遗传距离与地理分布不呈正相关。

Microbial growth, either of natural or inoculated populations, causes chemical andor textural changes forming a product that can be stored for extended periods.

无论是微生物的自然生长还是群体培养生长，都会使得食品发生化学的或质地的变化而形成了一种能够延长其贮藏期的制品。

Although they have enabled crossnational communication, as among the anglophone or francophone countries of Africa, such bridging has been only at the level of the elite and has excluded the majorities of the populations of those regions.

虽然他们使能跨国通信，和在非洲的以英语为母语或说法文者的国家之中，这样跨接仅在精华的水平和排除了那些地区的人口的多数。

Most of the conducted populations were more pathogenic to plantain, plantain banana and Huangdi banana than to Anthurium rzerianum.

供试的观赏植物种群多数对大蕉、粉蕉和皇帝蕉的致病力要高于对观赏植物红掌的致病力。

We also have Orlistat which is not an antidiabetic medication, it is more of an obesity medication it is also effective in obese populations to prevent the progression to diabetes.

我们也拥有Orlistat，它不是一种降糖药物，更多的是一种减肥药，它对防止肥胖人群进展为糖尿病患者也有效。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。