查询词典 political economy

From the reform and open to the outside world,the civic consciousness in our country has developed fully,but it still can not adapt the current development of the market economy.Especially in the rural area, the civic consciousness of our country's peasants restricts the fast development of rural market economy to a large extent.Consequently,it is a great significance to cultivate the peasants' civic consciousness.This paper discusses some opinions in this field,In detail:The first part starts with the concept of the civilians and the civic consciousness,and mainly discusses what are the civilians and its historical development.Then the paper analyzes the meanings of the civic consciousness and its formation conditions,and based on which analyses the characteristics of the contemporary peasants in our country and its influence on the formation of our country's civic consciousness.At present,the lifestyle of our country's peasants is mainly agricultural.They are the subordinate to the dominant in the field of the political right,possess the low quality in the whole in the cultural aspect and relatively lag behind in the aspect of ideology.All hinder the development of the peasants' civic consciousness,affect the enlargement of the peasants' political participation,and go against the cultivation of the peasants' collective consciousness.

改革开放以来我国公民的公民意识得到了长足的发展，但仍然不能适应当前市场经济的发展，尤其是在农村，我国农民的公民意识在很大程度上制约了农村市场经济的快速发展，因此，培育农民的公民意识具有重要意义，本文即是想在这方面谈谈自己的想法，具体来说：本文的第一部分首先从公民和公民意识的概念入手，主要论述了公民意识的形成及其在我国的历史发展，接着进一步的分析了公民意识的含义及其构成，在此基础上分析了当代我国农民的特点以及其对我国农民公民意识的生成所产生的影响，当前，我国农民在生存方式上，仍以农业为主，在政治权利方面，仍是权势力量的从属者，在文化素质方面，整体素质仍然偏低，思想观念方面还是相对落后的，这些特征在很大程度上阻碍了农民的主体意识的发展，影响了农民政治参与的扩大，不利于农民公共精神的培养。

Making sure the cognition of our traditional political culture, the article probes into the four phases of its naissance and development: moral、Tao、amenity、logos; and discusses the soil of naissance: agriculture economy is long-standing、the society configuration patriarchal clan system 、Confucianism come into national ideology、the masterdom of Realpolitik; and describes its characteristic: the paternalistic political culture、the political culture worship power 、the political culture of lay store by civilian、the self-discipline political culture、the political culture of potential rules、the equalitarian political culture.

基于对我国传统政治文化以上的界定，探讨了我国传统政治文化的形成和发展过程的四个阶段：德、道、义、理；其赖以生存的土壤：小农自然经济的长期延续、宗法族制的社会结构、儒学的国家意识形态化、权力阶层的支配与匡约；以及其外在的表现特征：家长本位的政治文化、权力崇拜的政治文化、重民的政治文化、自律诉求的政治文化、"潜规则"的政治文化、均平取向的政治文化。

At that time, politics overtopping economy and culture was the marked feature of the Chinese social mechanism, which deprived economy of its natural laws, and culture of its humanistic value. Economy and culture became the attachment to the political ideology.

当时，政治凌驾于经济和文化之上是中国社会机制的显著特征，这种社会机制使经济失去自然规律，使文化失去人文价值，经济和文化成为政治思想的附属物。

After seriously analyzing the system of Marxism Intercourse Theory in detail, the author makes the contemporary reading on Marxism Intercourse Theory, which breaks through the traditional duality method (it holds Marxism Intercourse Theory is the intercourse based on physical/spirituous or the relation of male/female),then puts forward Marxism Intercourse Theory represents four constituents in the period of globalization, that is economy intercourse, political intercourse, cultural intercourse and social intercourse, among which economy intercourse is the base and core, political and cultural intercourse play the important role to economy intercourse, and social intercourse is the final purpose of all intercourse. From above the thesis give prominence to the contemporary significance of Marxism Intercourse Theory.

在对马克思交往理论体系进行认真、详细的分析之后，认为我们以前对马克思交往理论所进行的二元划分并不能全面反映现阶段经济全球化时期的交往形式与过程(二元划分结构认为马克思交往理论体系就是物质交往与精神交往以及建立在男女关系之上的两性交往)，因此，我进行了对马克思交往理论的当代解读，认为马克思交往理论在全球化时期表现为四大组成部分：经济交往、政治交往、文化交往和社会交往。

2In the period of planned economy, the three-stage of developmental phases of political culture determined the three-stage of developmental phases of scientific and technical system: the centralized political culture brought the absolute magisterial status of state scientific research institution in installation of organizational institutions, the flexuous development of political culture brought the scientific and technological system into chaos, the rational return of political culture promoted to resume and reconstruct scientific and technological system.

2计划经济时期政治文化发展的三阶段决定了科技体制发展的三阶段：高度中央集权的政治文化带来国有科研机构在科技体制组织体系设置中的绝对主导地位、政治文化的曲折发展带来科技体制的混乱、政治文化的理性回归促进科技体制的恢复与重建。

The whole Party pitching in and taking charge of this work.(9) setting typical examples for people to follow them. In chapter 4, the author suggests that ideological and political work is our Party"s "lifeline" and "central link, which must be carried forward and brought forth new ideas. According to such new situations and cases as the diversity of social life, the globalization of economy and information, the new struggle situation in the ideological sphere and so on. ideological and political work needs new ideas, and the work must adhere to the major principles as follows:(1) To correctly deal with the relationship of strengthening and improvement succession and innovation as well as creatively carrying out work based on strengthening and carrying forward.(2) To respect the mass initial creation spirit, further consolidate the consciousness of practice and unceasingly sum up and spread the new experiences of ideological and political work.(3) To adhere to realities, master the law and intensify the aim.(4) To make use of modem scientific technology and results of social science.(5) Under the premise of insisting on the above principles, to forcefully bring forth new ideas into ideologic

在第四章中，笔者提出思想政治工作是我党的&生命线&和&中心环节&，必须继承和发扬这一优良传统；新的形势和新的情况，如社会生活的多样性、经济和信息的全球化、思想领域斗争的新形势等，要求思想政治工作必须创新；思想政治工作创新必须坚持以下主要原则：必须正确处理好加强和改进、继承与创新的关系，在加强和继承的基础上创造性地开展工作；必须充分尊重群众的首创精神，进一步强化实践意识，不断总结推广思想政治工作的新经验；必须贴近现实、把握规一津、增强针对性：必须应用现代科学技术和社会科学的发展成果；在坚持以上原则的前提下，新时期思想政治工作必须在观念和思路、内容和载体、方法和手段以及制度方面予以重大创新。

Making sure the cognition of our traditional political culture, the article probes into the four phases of its naissance and development: moral、Tao、amenity、logos; and discusses the soil of naissance: agriculture economy is long-standing、the society configuration patriarchal clan system 、Confucianism come into national ideology、the masterdom of Realpolitik; and describes its characteristic: the paternalistic political culture、the political culture worship power 、the political culture of lay store by civilian、the self-discipline political culture、the political culture of potential rules、the equalitarian political culture.

基于对我国传统政治文化以上的界定，探讨了我国传统政治文化的形成和发展过程的四个阶段：德、道、义、理；其赖以生存的土壤：小农自然经济的长期延续、宗法族制的社会结构、儒学的国家意识形态化、权力阶层的支配与匡约；以及其外在的表现特征：家长本位的政治文化、权力崇拜的政治文化、重民的政治文化、自律诉求的政治文化、&潜规则&的政治文化、均平取向的政治文化。

China enters landlord economy feudal society, because want to break through rural commune,be --, the "nine squares" system --, manacle to what productivity develops, unite the world to be chance with business Yang political reform of Qin Guo and the Qin Dynasty consequently, in economically useless Jing Tian, open crisscross footpaths between fields, land civilian be able to buying and selling, change seigniorial economy is landlord economy, in political abandon county of county of feudal, buy, change aristocratic politics is bureaucratic politics.

中国进入地主经济封建社会，是由于要突破农村公社———井田制———对生产力发展的束缚，因而以秦国的商鞅变法和秦统一天下为契机，在经济上废井田、开阡陌、土地民得以买卖，变领主经济为地主经济，在政治上废封建、置郡县，变贵族政治为官僚政治。

First, it summarizes and analyzes Chinese recent achievements and problems in political construction. Then it sets forth the urgencies of contemporary Chinese political modernization from four aspects: political modernization is the necessary need of globalization; it is the important purpose of Chinese social modernization; it is the objective need of developing socialist market economy; it is the main approach to eliminate the shortcomings of political system.

本章首先概括和分析了近年来中国政治建设取得的成绩和存在的问题，然后从四个方面阐述了当代中国实现政治现代化的迫切性：政治现代化是全球化的必然要求，政治现代化是中国社会现代化的重要目标，政治现代化是发展社会主义市场经济的客观要求，政治现代化是消除政治体制弊端的重要途径。

" World economy and political forum " it is Jiangsu the technicality publication that institute of economy of world of academy of sciences of society of province of director of province society academy of sciences, Jiangsu sponsors , in order to study world economy and international politics problem are given priority to, track issue of the heat in world economy and international politics domain, focus, key, mirror; of newest research achievement to set economy of finance of international trade and investment, international, international HongKong and Macow of safety of development of politics of strategy of delta of economy of relation, foreign country, the Yangtse River, international, abroad, foreign relations, international, stage considers to wait for a column.

梗概： 《世界经济和政治论坛》是江苏省社会科学院主管、江苏省社会科学院世界经济探究所主办的学术性刊物，以探究世界经济和国际政治新问题为主，追踪世界经济和国际政治领域中的热点、焦点、重点新问题，反映最新探究成果；设有国际贸易和投资、国际金融、国际经济关系、外国经济、长江三角洲、国际战略、国外政治发展、外交关系、国际平安、台港澳探究等栏目。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。