查询词典 political correctness

The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，"国家"代替"帝国"，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

During Spring and Autumn Period, the social was unrest and it need to unite and become stability again. Confucius who thought he succeed to the fate to accomplish the object traveled around the world to promote his own political theories to many kings in order to achieve his political ideals. He had also been a series of officials, it can be said that Confucius would like to achieve his own political ideals through these, which was to re-create a new millenarianism.

在春秋动乱的年代，社会需要重新趋向稳定和统一，以继天命而自居的孔子为了实现其政治理想，周游列国，到处推销自己的政治学说，可以说，孔子很想通过从政来实现自己的目标：挽救当时的乱世，再造一个东周治世。

Human right idea is an important respect of the idea of political ethics,and it is helpful for advancing political civilization and moralizing the political behavior.

人权理念是政治伦理理念的一个重要方面，它有利于推进政治文明建设和政治行为的道德化。

Marxist political culture emphasizes the determinative factor of social existence in the process of development of political culture and displayed outstandingly the motile reaction of the political culture of acting on the social existence.

马克思主义的政治文化观既强调社会存在对政治文化的决定作用，又突出显示了政治文化的能动的反作用。

The system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC is a basic political system of China,and a socialist political party system with Chinese characteristics.

中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度是我国的基本政治制度，是具有中国特色的社会主义政党制度。

The system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation is the bright features and virtues of Chinese political party system. We should improve it to enrich and develop Chinese political system.

作为我国政党制度的特色和优势，多党合作和政治协商制度的完善是对中国政治体制的极大丰富和发展。

According to the study of Britains domestic and home political policies as well as some political events from 1855 to 1865, the text try to show a different but real Palmerston, revealing him how to manage British affairs according to liberalism ideology, how to make great efforts on establishing a fair and tolerant government . Through his political actions, the text would make clear of the relationship between British liberal theory and the reality operation in the 19~ century. Between 1855 and 1865, British liberalism was in a relatively stable period to accumulate forces, and an ascendant transition period.

本文将通过对1855-1865年英国国内和国外众多政策和政治事件的整体性研究，展现一个与以往不同的、真实的帕麦斯顿，揭示帕麦斯顿是如何按照自由主义的理念管理1855-1865年的英国事务，如何为建立一个高效、公平和宽容的政府而努力，通过其政治行为展现十九世纪英国自由主义理论和现实运动之间的关系。1855-1865年间，英国自由主义处于一个相对稳定的积聚力量、蓄势待发的过渡时期。

As an important political system, the political party system is an important part of political reformation.

政党制度作为国家的一项重要政治制度，是政治体制改革的重要内容之一。

Political or moral utilitarianism and aesthetic utilitarianism are the two main traditions in modern Chinese aesthetics. The former considers aesthetics and art to be tools for political struggles or moral preachment, and requires them to "serve"directly for political or moral purposes, while the latter, taking aesthetics for the sake of life, or thus a life concept of aesthetics, is against the consideration of aesthetics and art to be tools for politics or morality, and requires them to affect intrinsically the improvement of life state. Liang Qichao is the direct ideological source in the end of the 19〓 century for the former, while Wang Guowei the founder for the latter.

真正构成中国现代美学的两大传统是政治、道德功利主义和审美功利主义：前者主张以审美和艺术作为政治斗争或道德说教的工具，要求审美和艺术直接"服务于"政治或道德目的；后者主张为人生的美学，或者是人生论美学，反对审美和艺术直接充当政治或道德的工具，而是要求审美和艺术内在地作用于人生境界的提升；前者在19世纪的直接思想源头在梁启超，而后者的开创者是王国维。

Analyzing EU's common foreign and security policy mechanism may provide a definite case for promoting theory of regional political integration. Similarly, undertaking the study can prefigure the political pattern in the future, for whether EU can become a pole consists in whether its common foreign and security policy mechanism will bring real political integration in Europe.

对欧盟共同外交与安全政策机制进行分析，可以为区域政治一体化理论发展提供实例参考；同样，也有利于预见未来国际政治格局的形式，因为欧盟是否能成为国际格局中的一极就在于其共同外交与安全政策机制是否能真正实现欧洲政治一体化。

The United Kingdom has pledged to provide technical assistance to the peacekeeping effort in Darfur, including airlifting supplies and equipment to assist the African peacekeepers.

英国承诺为达佛的維和努力提供技术帮助，包括提供非洲的維和部队空运补給和裝备。

Results: The level of ET-1mRNA in placental villus was significantly higher in pre-eclamptic women than that in control group.

结果：妊高征组患者胎盘绒毛组织ET-1 mRNA的表达较正常妊娠组明显增高。