查询词典 policy-making

Permissiveness is not a policy; it is the abandonment of policy and its apparent advantages are illusory.

纵容不是政策；纵容是放弃政策而显而易见的结果是虚幻的。

And since the Planned Parenthood policy as a basic national policy has been put into practice for more than 20 years, the last few years start to see the result.

不仅在城市，而且在农村人口出生率也开始逐年下降。学龄儿童锐减必然会给我国教育事业的发展带来一些新的管理问题。

In the meantime, few research so far has ever thoroughly analyzed the key points between annual policy and project policy. No adequate mechanism has ever been established. That creates dilemma for A/E to buy PLI.

另一方面，国内目前对於专业责任保险采年保或者专案投保，并无完整的分析比较，亦无适当的法定机制加以规范，造成A/E投保时不知所措的困境。

This idea comes from the appearance of the curse of dimension in computational process, for example, in Markov decision processes, its not practical for improving policy computation using the general policy iteration or value iteration method.

当系统的计算出现维数灾难时，比如在Markov决策过程的求解问题中，如果系统的动作空间非常之大，那么利用一般的策略递归算法或值递归算法，来进行策略的改进计算是不实际的。

The algorithm is proved to be convergent theoretically and implemented for numerical calculation.Thirdly, two kind problems of multi-unit system maintenance based on the discrete-state deterioration model are analyzed:To achieve the optimization aim of series system consist of two types of units with different failure mode, an opportunistic policy is presented to combine the corrective and condition-based maintenance. The optimal model based on this policy is built and an iteration algorithm based on sequential decision is proposed according to the characteristic of discrete-state deterioration model.

第三、在部件优化分析的基础上，针对基于离散状态劣化模型的多部件系统视情维修决策中的两类典型问题，提出了相应的机会维修策略和优化分析方法：(1)针对串联系统由分别采用视情维修和事后维修的两类部件组成的情况，提出了一类事后维修与视情维修相结合的机会策略，建立了相应的多部件系统维修优化模型，并根据离散状态劣化模型的特点，提出了一类基于序贯决策的求解方法。

A neural network is then used to represent the estimation of potentials,both the parameterized TD(0) learning formulas and algorithm are also derived for approximating the policy evaluation.By the approximation values of potentials and approximation policy iteration,a unified neuro-dynamic programming optimization approach is consequently proposed for both two criteria.

根据定义式，建立性能势在平均和折扣性能准则下统一的即时差分公式，并利用一个神经元网络来表示性能势的估计值，导出参数TD(0)学习公式和算法，进行逼近策略评估；然后，根据性能势的逼近值，通过逼近策略迭代来实现两种准则下统一的神经元动态规划(neuro-dynamic programming，NDP)优化方法。

Industrial and trade policy adjustment loan - ITPAL:World Bank loan made to assist adjustment of a country's industrial and trade policy.

工业和贸易政策调整贷款：世界银行为援助一个国家的工业和贸易政策调整所做的贷款。

1In accordance with national industrial policy, loan policy and ICBC's loan orientation.

符合国家产业政策、信贷政策和中国工商银行贷款投向。

Four markets all are affected by negative shock of unexpected component of monetary policy, but in term of the relation between stock return and positive shock of expected component of monetary policy, we can not obtain a significant result.

我们得出的实证结论是：在我国股市发展初期噪声交易假说成立，投资者的噪声交易行为能够解释市场在开始阶段对利好信息敏感，对利空消息冷淡的非对称反应特征。

Analysis of the positive function of government credit on policy deepened the knowledge of the macroeconomic policy.

它分析了政府信誉对政策的积极作用，加深了人们对宏观经济政策的认识。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷